Ngama-Parkinson, izinkinga zokukhuluma zivame kodwa zingasetshenziswa.
Uma unesifo sika-Parkinson (PD), cishe uyaqaphela ukuthi abantu bayakucela ukuthi uphinde lokho okushiwo nje ngaphezu kwalokho ababekujwayele. Ukwengeza, ukukhuluma ngokucacile futhi ngokuhlakanipha kuyaba nzima nakakhulu uma une-PD.
Ngenkathi iningi labantu abane-PD lithola izinkinga ezithile zokukhuluma, bambalwa bathola ukwelashwa kulezo zinkinga zokukhuluma. Lokhu kuyinhlanhla njengoba ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kutholakala izinkinga zokukhuluma, zezwi, kanye nezilimi ku-PD.
Izinkinga Zokukhuluma Zezifo ZasePasinson
Izinkinga zokukhuluma ezivame kakhulu abantu abaphethe i-PD zibandakanya ivolumu encishisiwe (hypophonia), ukunciphisa ububanzi be-pitch (monotone), nobunzima ngokuhlanganiswa kwemisindo noma ama-syllables (dysarthria). Empeleni, awukwazi ukukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo njengabanye, uthola kunzima ukudlulisa umzwelo uma ukhuluma, futhi ukuthola kunzima ukwakha amagama ozama ukumemezela.
Awudingi ukuthi ngikutshele ukuthi le nhlanganisela yezinto ezenza kukhulume ukukhungathekisa kakhulu. Uma ubhekana nazo zonke lezi zinkinga zokuveza nge-okuthiwa ' ubuso obusisiwe ' be-PD, ubunzima bokuveza imizwelo nge-facial expression, akumangazi ukuthi abantu ngezikhathi ezithile bakuthola kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi uzama ukuthini.
Kungase kube isilingo sokuhoxisa izingxoxo nabanye, kodwa lokho kungaba iphutha. Kudingeka uxhumane nabanye nsuku zonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuphazamiseka kanjani-lokhu kubalulekile empilweni yakho yengqondo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi abathandekayo bakho bafuna ukuxhumana nawe .
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelashwa, njengezivivinyo zezwi, ezingathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo izinkinga zokukhuluma ezihambisana ne-PD.
Izinkinga zolimi zezifo zikaPasinson
Ngaphandle kwenkulumo ecasulayo nezinkinga zokukhuluma ze-PD, kungase kube nezinkinga zolimi. Lezi zinkinga zelwimi cishe zenza kube nzima ukubhekana nezinkinga zokukhuluma, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhomba lezi zinkinga zolimi uma zivela.
Inkulumo ikhuluma ngokuveza imibono ngokusebenzisa ulimi. Ulimi lukwazi ikhono lokuqonda okungaba khona ngisho nalapho ungakwazi ukukhuluma. Endabeni yabantu abane-PD, bangase babonise ubunzima bokuthola amagama kanye nobunzima begrama. Basebenzisa isibonelo, ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zemisho elula ngokunyuka kwesilinganiso sezinto ezivulekile (amagama, izenzi, izichasiselo) ezintweni ezivaliwe (izigaba, izinsiza, iziphakamiso, njll), kanye nokwanda emvamisa kanye nobude bokungabaza kanye nokuyeka.
Uma ulalele abanye bekhuluma, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima kubantu abane-PD ukuqonda ulimi lomunye, uma basebenzisa imisho eqondile ukuveza imibono yabo. Ngakho, kokubili ukukhiqizwa kolwazi nokuqonda ulimi, abantu abane-PD ngezinye izikhathi babhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukwelapha Izinkinga Zezinkulumo Nezilimi Eziguleni ZasePacinson
Imithi yokwelapha izinkinga zokukhuluma nezilimi ze-PD zihlanganisa imithi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, nokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlolwa okwedlule kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha kusikisela ukuthi, ukuhlinzwa (ikakhulukazi ukukhushulwa kobuchopho ) akusizi izinkinga zokukhuluma, nakuba kungase kuthuthukiswe ezinye zezinkinga ezinkulu ze-PD .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikho imithi yokwelashwa ephumelelayo uma isetshenziswe yedwa.
Ukwelapha izixazululo eziyisisekelo ze-PD ngokugcwele (ngemithi) kubonakala kuyimfuneko yokuthuthukisa izinkinga zokukhuluma. Okusho ukuthi, uma izinkinga ze-PD motor zingaphenduliwe, izinkinga zezinkulumo aziphenduli kahle ezithombeni zokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke imishanguzo ye-PD iyadingeka kepha ayanele. Ngamafuphi, amasu okuphulukisa okukhulunywe kahle kwenkulumo nezinkulumo zePP kubonakala sengathi inhlanganisela yemithi ye-PD (njenge-levodopa) kanye nolunye uhlobo lwezokwelapha zokukhuluma.
Ukwelapha Inkulumo Yokuziphatha Ngezifo Ze-Parkinson
Indlela yokwelapha yokukhuluma ngokuvamile ihilela uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zezwi ezilawulwa umelaphi oqeqeshiwe oqinisekisiwe wenkulumo.
Lezi zivivinyo zihlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa ekulawuleni izinga lokukhuluma, ukucindezeleka / ukukhuluma, noma ukuveza imizwelo, ukuphakama, ukukhuluma nokuphefumula, ukuze kusekelwe izwi. Ngezinye izikhathi umuthi usebenzisa izinsimbi zokusiza, ezifana nokulibazisa impendulo yokuhlola, amadivaysi okukhulisa ngezwi, noma amabhodi ahamba phambili.
Abanye baphenyo baye bafaka impumelelo enkulu ngabaguli be-PD ngokusebenzisa okuthiwa u- Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT), uhlelo olujulile lwezivivinyo zezwi ezihlose ukuqina kwamagama, ikhwalithi, nokuhlukahluka - ngokuqondile izindawo zobunzima kubantu abane-PD.
Inqubo ye-LSVT ibeka phambili ekuhlosweni okukodwa kokwelapha ngaleso sikhathi ukuze umzamo ukwazi ukutshala imali ekufinyeleleni lokho okuhloswe yedwa. Inhloso yokwelashwa ingase ikhulise izwi elikhulu noma likhulise ukuhlakanipha kwezwi. Ekuphishekeleni lezi zinhlobonhlobo zokwelashwa, isiguli sigxiliwe uchungechunge lwezivivinyo zokukhuluma futhi lifundiswa ukuba likwazi ukuphendula okuzwakalayo kwezwi, kanye nokuzihlola ngokuzenzekelayo amaphethini kanye nekhwalithi yezwi. Ukuziqhenya ngokwengeziwe kwezwi kuvumela ukulungiswa kwamaphutha kanye nentuthuko esheshayo ekubhekiswe kulitshe.
Ngaphansi
Ubufakazi obutholakala bubonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokuziphatha zokwelashwa kwezinkulumo zokuziphatha zisebenza ngempela, ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokuthi uhlale ukhuluma nezingxoxo ezikhungathekisa nabanye abazenza sengathi bayakuqonda lokho okushoyo. Kunalokho, uzophinde ufunde ngokucacile nangokuzwakalayo ukukhuluma ngengqondo yakho.
Imithombo:
Mahler, LA, Ramig, LO, & Fox, C. Ukwelashwa okusekelwe ebufakazini bokukhathazeka kwezwi nokukhuluma ePilinson. I-Opinion yamanje ku-Otolaryngology & Ukukhishwa Kwekhanda Nokukhanda, uJun; 23 (3): 209-15.
Ramig, LO, Fox, C., Sapir, S. Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo yesifo sikaParkinson. (2008). Ukubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe be-Neurotherapeutics, Feb; 8 (2): 297-309. Buyekeza.