Ingabe Ngempela Nginika Isibonakaliso "Esicacile"?
Omunye angacabanga ukuthi ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kuyodliwa futhi kumile, ngoba imiphumela ingenayo i-HIV noma i-HIV. I-HIV engekho kusho ukuthi awunayo izimpawu ze-HIV egazini lakho. I-HIV itho ukuthi wenza futhi usulelekile nge-HIV.
Kodwa kunesimo lapho ukuhlola okungalungile kwe-HIV kungase kungabi yilokho okubonakalayo. Uma uhlolelwa i-HIV, kunenkathi encane yefasitela lapho umuntu evivinya okungenayo futhi empeleni enegciwane ohlelweni lwakhe.
Futhi izizathu zilula: uma ukutheleleka nge-HIV kwenzeka, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somuntu siqala ukuthuthukisa amaprotheni akhethekile okuthiwa ama-antibodies , okuqondene ngqo ne-pathogen yomuntu ngamunye okuhloswe ngayo ukunciphisa (kuleli cala i-HIV). Yilawo ma-antibodies okutholakala ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kuningi kakhulu.
Kodwa iqiniso elilula ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi sokwanela kwalawo ma antibodies ukuba akhiqizwe ukuze kuhlolwe i-HIV ukuwabona. Ngakho-ke, uma i-anti-anti-HIV encane kakhulu ikhiqizwa lapho umuntu ehlolwa, umphumela wokuhlolwa uzobuyiselwa njengonakele naphezu kokuthi izifo zangempela zenzekile.
Ngingazi kanjani Ngokuqinisekile Ukuthi Ukuhlola Kwami Kuyi-100% Enganaki?
Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukutheleleka nge-HIV akukenzeki, odokotela babevumile ukuhlola uchungechunge lwe- HIV , ngokuhlolwa kokuqala kuthathwe ngokushesha ngemva kokuvezwa nezinye izinyanga ezintathu kuthathwe izinyanga ezintathu emva kokuchayeka. Abanye odokotela bazophinde batusele ukuhlolwa kwesandulela ngculaza ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Uma zonke izivivinyo zingalungile, futhi umuntu engakaze abe nokushayeka kwe-HIV entsha, khona-ke kubhekwa ukuthi banesandulela ngculazi futhi kucacile ukutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu enesifo esithile phakathi kwezilingo (njengokuthi ucansi olungenalo ikhondomu noma ukuhlanganyela ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa), izivivinyo zizodinga ukuphindaphindiwe, ziqale kusukela ekucaleni kokusha.
Izivivinyo zokuhlola ezintsha, okusebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-antibody / antigen , ziyiqiniso kakhulu futhi zibucayi kunezivivinyo zakudala zokudala i-antibody. Lezi zikwazi ukuthola i-HIV ngesikhathi sokuqala, izigaba ezinzima zokutheleleka, ukunciphisa isikhathi sefasitela cishe ngenyanga.
Lezi zivivinyo zisebenza ngokuthola amaprotheni aqondene ne-HIV abizwa ngokuthi ama- antigens , aqala ukuphendula nge-immune futhi ngenxa yalokho akhiqizwa ngokushesha ngemva kokutheleleka kunama-antibodies.
Kulezi zinhlobo zokuhlolwa, i-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e-Atlanta inqume ukuthi uhlolo olulodwa lwe-antigen / antibody olwenziwe ngaphakathi kwesikhathi sewindi lwanele ukuqinisekisa umphumela we-HIV. Awekho ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo okudingekayo.
Izivalo zokuhlola
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi nakuba izivivinyo eziningi ze-HIV ezintsha - njengezivivinyo ezisekelwe ku-RNA noma ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody / antigen okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla - zingase zibe nesikhathi esincane, isikhathi sokubheka kanye nokuzwela kwazo kungahlukahluka ngezinye izikhathi. Ngisho phakathi kokuhlolwa kokuhlanganiswa, ezinye ziyaziwa ukuthi zinembile ngamaphesenti angu-87 ngesikhathi sokutheleleka okunzima nabanye bephuma ngaphandle ngamaphesenti angu-54.
Khuluma njalo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana nokuthi udinga ukuhlolelwa yini futhi uma ukuzamazama kungadingeka ukuze uqiniseke kakhulu emiphumeleni.
Njengoba konke lokhu kushiwo, ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi kusasetshenziswa kakhulu emitholampilo nasekhaya, futhi bahlola ama-antibodies e-HIV. Ngo-2012, i-US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yase-United States ivume ukuqala kokusebenzisa i-HIV ngokushesha okubizwa nge-OraQuick, etholakala ezitolo eziningi zokudayisa izidakamizwa namuhla. Lezi zivivinyo zasendlini zihlose ukuthola ama-antibodies e-HIV emanzini omuntu, imiphumela yokuvela emaminithini angu-20 kuya kwangu-40.
Kodwa ngokungafani nezivivinyo ezifanayo ezinikezwe emitholampilo nasesibhedlela, inguqulo yangaphakathi-ekhaya izokhiqiza umphumela oyiphutha oyedwa wamanga kuzo zonke izivivinyo ezingu-12 ezenziwe. Uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokungalungile noma ngokushesha kakhulu, amathuba okuba nomphumela wamanga azoba ngaphezulu kuphela.
Uma usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwekhaya, ungathathi nhlobo amathuba. Thintana ne-helpline yamahora angu-24 okufakwe ohlwini lwephakheji uma kunemibuzo, ukungabaza, noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuchonga nokusetshenziswa kwedivayisi.
Yini Engingayenza Uma Ngisanda Kuvezwa I-HIV?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi utholakale ne-HIV, hamba ngokushesha kudokotela noma ekamelweni eliphuthumayo uphinde uhlolwe ngokushesha. Ungakwazi ukuhlinzeka nge- post-exposure prophylaxis , imishanguzo ye-HIV enganciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-HIV, uma ngabe iqalile kungakapheli amahora angu 48.
Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). "Ukuvivinywa kwelabhulali yokuthola ukutheleleka nge-HIV: Izincomo ezibuyekeziwe." I-Atlanta, Georgia; ibuyekezwe ngoJuni 27, 2014.
> Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa zase-US (FDA). "Ikhaya lokuqala lokuqala-sebenzisa i-HIV Kit evunyelwe ukuzihlola." I-Rockville, e-Maryland; ikhishwe ngoJuni 3, 2012.