Ulinganise ukuzuza nokuqapha futhi wanquma ukuthi i- Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) yindlela yokwelapha efanele yengane yakho ye-autistic. Manje, wehlela ezitini zethusi ukuze uhlole ukuthi, kuphi, nokuthi ukwelashwa okungakanani ingane yakho idinga ngempela.
Amahora angu-40 ngeviki
Lezi zincwadi zincoma amahora angu-40 ngesonto. Kodwa ukwelashwa okuningi kangaka kubiza futhi kunzima ukuthola.
Ingabe kuyadingeka ngempela ukuba ingane ibe namahora angu-40 e-ABA isonto ngalinye ukuze liphumelele?
Kokubili i-Lovaas Institute (eyasungula ukusetshenziswa kwe-ABA ye-autism) kanye neBhodi yokuQinisekisa iBhodi yokuBheka (okuqeqesha ABA therapists) ithi "yebo." Ngokusho kwabantu baseLovaas: Imiphumela emihle ifinyelelwe lapho ingane ithola amahora angu-40 ngesonto lokuphathwa kokuziphatha. Ukungenelela kufanele kuhlale kube ngabanye, futhi ezinye izinto, ezifana nobudala bezingane kanye nekhono lamanje lamanje, ziyobathonya inani lamahora anconywayo. Kodwa, amahora angu-40 ngesonto ahlala ejwayelekile okuzoshiya.
Yiqiniso, zombili lezi zinhlangano empeleni zithengisa i-ABA, okusho ukuthi banesizathu esihle kakhulu sokuphakamisa ukuthi ngaphezulu kwe-ABA ingcono kunokungaphansi.
Ukufunda inani lamahora
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bobabili bathi inani lamahora linganciphisa izingane ezinenkinga encane futhi kufanele zinciphise ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ingane izuza amakhono.
Bathi futhi i-ABA kufanele inikezwe ngezilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene, kokubili ngabanye nangamaqembu.
Ucwaningo oluqhutshwa izinhlangano ezingekho-ABA lubonisa ukuthi amahora ambalwa angase abe usizo. Kodwa noma kunjalo, isikhathi esichithwa ekwelapheni siphakeme kakhulu. Izinombolo ezivame ukubizwa ngamahora angu-25-40 ngesonto, njalo ngesonto, kuze kube seminyaka emithathu.
I-Lovaas Institute ithi:
Inhloso yamahora angu-40 yokwelashwa ukuhlinzeka ingane ngokungenelela okuhlelekile usuku lonke. Ngesikhathi sokungenelela okuhleliwe, imvelo ihlelwe ngendlela ehlelekile ukuze kusize ingane ihlale iphumelele ngenkathi ifundisa amakhono amasha ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazali banikwe amandla okuqhubeka nokungenelela phakathi namahora okuvuka kwengane. Ngokuvamile abantwana abathuthukayo bafunda emvelweni wemvelo wonke amahora abo okuvuka. Inhloso yesimiso esijulile ukuvumela ingane nge-autism ukuthi ifunde ukufunda endaweni yemvelo futhi ekugcineni ibambe iqhaza kubangane bakhe abathuthukayo.
Ingabe izingane zibamba ngempela abontanga babo abathuthukayo abane-ABA ejulile?
Okuyiqiniso ukuthi lokhu akuvamile kodwa kwenzeka. Ngokuvamile, lezo zingane empeleni "zibamba" ziyiziqalo eziphezulu kakhulu ukuqala ngazo kanti ngenkathi zingakwazi ukusebenza kahle njengezingane ezincane, zingase zenze izinselele ezintsha njengoba zibhekana nezinselele ezingaphezu kwezinselele zomphakathi eminyakeni edlule.
Ezimweni eziningi, izingane ezine-autism "aziboni." Ngenkathi izingane ezine-autism zingakwazi ukufunda (ezimweni eziningi) ukuthi zithole ukuziphatha okusha futhi "zicime" abanye, zivame ukushiywa nezinselelo ezinkulu.
Futhi-ke, uma ingane ithola i-ABA enjalo, ayinaso isikhathi "esengeziwe" sokuzinikela ekuphishekeleni okujwayelekile kwezingane, izithakazelo zomuntu siqu, noma ubudlelwano. Uhlala ezweni elihle kakhulu elihluke kakhulu emiphakathini evamile yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi ingane ene-autism, ngokungafani nontanga yakhe ejwayelekile, ingase ingabi nolwazi oluncane ngemisebenzi efana nezemidlalo yezemidlalo , imisebenzi ye-school-school, nokunye ukusebenzisana okubalulekile ukwamukelwa komphakathi. Kungabuye kunciphise isipiliyoni somntwana ngokuguquguquka, ukuhlaziywa, namanye amakhono abalulekile.
Okunye ukukhathazeka abazali abadinga ukucabangela lapho kubheka ABA ejulile yizindleko.
Izindaba ezinhle zemindeni ekhetha i-ABA yukuthi ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa (ngezinga elithile) izikole kanye / noma umshuwalense . Kwezinye izimo, izikole zizohlinzeka abafundi abanezigaba ezisekelwe ku-ABA esikoleni. Kwezinye izimo, umshuwalense wezempilo wangasese noma i-Medicaid izokhokha okungenani enye ye-ABA yokwelashwa kwengane. Emahoreni angu-40 ngesonto iminyaka emithathu, kodwa, izindleko "ezisele" emindenini zingabalulekile.
Imithombo:
"Iziqondiso ze-ABA ze-ASD." Ibhodi le-Certification Analyst yokuziphatha. Iwebhu, 2014.
Lovaas, OI (1987). Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwezemfundo nokuqondiswa kwezingane ezincane ze-autistic. Journal of Consulting and Psychology Psychology, 55, 3-9.
"Lovaas ABA Ukwelashwa Kwezingane Nge-Autism." Lovaas Institute. Iwebhu, ngo-2013.
McEachin, JJ, Smith, T., & Lovaas, OI (1993). Umphumela wesikhathi eside kubantwana abane-autism abathola ukwelashwa okusheshayo kokuziphatha okusheshayo. I-American Journal Ngokwehla Kwengqondo, 97 (4), 359-372.
Sallows, Glen O. & Graupner, uTamlynn D. (2005). Ukwelashwa Okujulile Kokuziphatha Kwezingane Ne-Autism: Umphumela Wezinyanga Ezinine kanye Nokwenqabela. I-American Journal Ngokwehla Kwengqondo, 110 (6), 417-438.
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