Ngokusobala ubuhlungu be- osteoarthritis buwuphawu oluvame kakhulu futhi oluphawulekayo oluhlobene nalesi sifo. Ngoba i- carticlage ye-articular ayinayo igazi futhi ayikho ukuphela kwezidakamizwa okubangela ubuhlungu?
Ubuhlungu Buvela Ezinguqukweni Ezihlangene
Ubuhlungu be-osteoarthritis kungenzeka buvela kwezinye izakhiwo ngaphakathi kokuhlangene okuthintekayo okuguqukayo lapho isifo sofuba siphelile.
Ngenkathi i-cartilage ingase ingabi nokuphela kwemizwa, izakhiwo ezizungezile zenza. Ukulahlekelwa kwe-cartilage, ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo okuzungezile emaphethelweni ehlangene, nokuvuvukala kwe-synovitis kuveze ubuhlungu emisipha emathanjeni nasemihlathini nxazonke.
Isibonelo, izakhiwo ezishintsha nge-osteoarthritis zifaka:
I-subchondral bone - Lona ungqimba lwamathambo ngaphansi kwe-cartilage. Uma othile enesifo se-osteoarthritis, kunyuke ukugeleza kwegazi nezinye izinguquko ezithuthuka kwisendlalelo se-subchondral. Lezi zihlanganisa lezizinqubo ezingabangela ubuhlungu be-osteoarthritis nxazonke:
- I-subchondral sclerosis : lokhu kwandisa isibalo samathambo nokuqina kwalolu ungqimba. Ibonisa ama-x-ray njengethambo elingavamile ngokwemigqa emgqeni ohlangene.
- Ama-cysts ama-subchondral : lawa amasaka agcwele amanzi aphuma emzimbeni, ovame ukutholakala ezinkathini zokuqala ze-osteoarthritis.
- Ukucindezela okwandayo ngaphakathi kwethambo.
Umgoqo ohlangene - Kungaba nokuqina kwe-capsule ehlangene nokwakhiwa kwama- osteophyte angabangela ubuhlungu. Ama-osteophyte ayaziwa nangokuthi i-bone spurs. Zivame kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni ukuguga futhi kungenzeka noma zingahlotshaniswa nobuhlungu. Bahlakulela njengoba umzimba uzama ukulungisa isifo se-cartilage esonakalisiwe.
I-Capsule ne-synovium - Kungaba nokwanda okukhulu kwe- synovium nokuvuvukala okuncane kule sayithi ebangela ubuhlungu.
Lokhu kunciphisa ukuhlanganyela futhi kwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kokujoyina.
I-Tendons ne-bursa - I-Tendinitis ne-bursitis eyenzeka nxazonke ezihlangene zingabangela ubuhlungu, ukunciphisa izinga lokunyakaza , ukushaywa kwemisipha, nokubuthakathaka kwemisipha.
Ehlangene evamile, i-cartilage ijikeleza ekupheleni kwethambo ngalinye. Kulukhuni kodwa kunesisindo futhi sakhiwe nge-collagen enamafutha, ama-proteoglycans anama-mesh kanye namaseli e-chondrocyte enza futhi agcine i-cartilage. I-cartilage kanye nomthamo ofanele we-synovial fluid ugcine umjoqo ubanjwe futhi uhambele kahle ngaphakathi kwe-capsule ehlangene. I-ligaments, tendon, kanye nemisipha ehambisa ukujoyina iyakwazi ukwenza kanjalo ngaphandle kwama-snags.
Njengoba i-osteoarthritis, i-cartilage igugile ezindaweni futhi ithambo lingakhula lizungeze emaphethelweni ohlangene. Lezi zikhula ze-bony zivimbela umsebenzi obushelelezi we-joint. I-cartilage evumela ukuba amathambo aphulukane ngapha nangapha awonakele noma agugile futhi akakwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi obalulekile. I-Synovitis iqala, ukuvuvukala kubangela uketshezi lwe-synovial ukwandisa, okwenza ukuhlanganyela kuvuvuke futhi kube nzima.
Uma uphazamiseka ngokwengeziwe kwe-cartilage, ukuqina kwemigqa yamathambo kanye ne-synovium, une-bone-on-bone ukuxubha okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nakakhulu.
Inqubo yesifo ehambisana ne-osteoarthritis inzima. Kubalulekile ukwelapha ubuhlungu be-osteoarthritis futhi uthole ukuphumula okusheshayo lapho kungenzeka, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda umthombo wobuhlungu.
Imithombo:
I-osteoarthritis: Ukuxilongwa. MerckMedicus. Mashi 2001.
I-Handout kwi-Health: i-Osteoarthritis. I-National Institute of Arthritis neMisculoskeletal and Skin Skin, Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo. April, 2015.