Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ama-carcinogens abhidliza kanjani i-DNA kumaseli ethu
I- carcinogen yinoma iyiphi into noma i-agent edala umdlavuza. Lokhu kwenza ngokushintsha imishanguzo yeselula noma ngokulimaza i-DNA emangqamuzaneni ethu, iphazamise izinqubo ezivamile zamaselula. Ukuhlonza izinto ezisesimweni esenza abantu bagule ngomdlavuza kusiza emizamweni yokuvimbela.
Ama-carcinogens angaba yimikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, amagciwane, noma ngisho nemithi kanye nemithi yokwelashwa esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza.
Nakuba i-carcinogen noma inhlanganisela ye-carcinogens ingabangela umdlavuza, kungase kungabi njalo kuphela isizathu sokuthi umkhuba wokuthuthukisa umdlavuza ungathola ifa.
Indlela I-Carcinogens Yenza Ngayo Kansa
Izinto ze-carcinogenic zingabangela umdlavuza ngezindlela ezilandelayo ezihlukene:
- Ngokulimaza ngqo i- DNA kumaseli okuholela ekuguqulweni kwezinto (ukuphazamisa inqubo evamile yamaseli)
- Ngokungathinti i-DNA ngokuqondile, kodwa kunalokho kubangela ukuthi amaseli ahlukanise ngesivinini esisheshayo kunokujwayelekile, okungenza ukwandisa amathuba okuguqulwa kwe-DNA nokuguqulwa kwamandla.
I-DNA yeseli ingalimala yizinto ezihlukahlukene nezokungcola, kufaka phakathi:
- Indlela yokuphila-lokho okudlayo, uma ubhema, ukungabi nokusebenza komzimba
- Ukuvezwa kwemvelo-ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, i-radon gas, ama-agent aphethwe yizifo ezithathelwanayo
- Ukwelashwa-imisebe kanye ne- chemotherapy , ama-hormone, ama- immunosuppressants
- Ukuvezwa kwamathuba emisebenzi-eminye imisebenzi iye yanda ukutholakala kwamakhemikhali noma imikhiqizo yezimboni
- Imikhiqizo yokuhlanza-ukuhlanza indlu, amapende, ukubulala ukhula, kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane, njll.
- Ukungcoliswa komoya okungaphandle kokungcola noma ukubhema ugwayi
Amanye ama-carcinogens awabangeli umdlavuza kodwa angabangela umdlavuza. Amanye ama-carcinogens abangela umdlavuza uma unesikhathi eside, amazinga aphezulu okuvezwa. Ukuthi umzimba wakho uphendukela kanjani kulelizinga lokuchayeka, ubude, nesikhathi, ukuqina kokuvezwa kwegazi, kuhlangene nokwakheka kwakho kwezakhi zofuzo kuyonquma ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-carcinogens
Ama-carcinogens ahlukaniswa yi-International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). I-IARC iyingxenye ye-World Health Organization (WHO) kanye nomgomo wayo oyinhloko ukucacisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi umdlavuza ungabangela izinto ezihlukahlukene futhi ubeke ama-carcinogens ngokufanele.
I-carcinogens ihlukaniswa ibe yinye yamaqembu alandelayo:
- Iqembu 1: I-carcinogenic kubantu
- Iqembu 2A: Mhlawumbe i-carcinogenic kubantu.
- Iqembu lama-2B: Kungenzeka ukuthi i-carcinogenic kubantu.
- Iqembu lama-3: Awukwazi ukucaciswa ngokuphathelene nokudla kwamagciwane kubantu
- Iqembu 4: Mhlawumbe hhayi i-carcinogenic kubantu
Izinto Eyaziwayo Eziyi-Carcinogenic Kubantu
Kungaba nzima ukuhlola nokuhlukanisa izinto njenge-carcinogenic kubantu ngoba akuyona indlela efanele yokuhlola ukuze ubone ukuthi yini engabangela umdlavuza ngokuveza abantu kuyo. Ngakho-ke abacwaningi baye bakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 njenge "carcinogenic kubantu".
Ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu ezibizwa ngokuthi i-carcinogenic kubantu zifaka (kukhona eziningi eziningi):
- Iziphuzo ezidakayo
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium
- I-arsenic kanye nama-arsenic engakhiwe
- I-asbestos (zonke izinhlobo) nezinto ezimbiwe (ezifana ne-talc noma i-vermiculite) equkethe i-asbestos
- I-Benzene
- Ama-Cadmium nama-cadmium
- Amalahle, ukukhishwa kwendawo ngaphakathi komlilo
- Injini yokukhipha, idizili
- I-Epstein-Barr virus (ukutheleleka)
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Estrogen postmenopausal
- I-formalmaldede
- I-Helicobacter pylori (ukutheleleka)
- I-virus ye-Hepatitis B (ukutheleleka okungapheli)
- I-virus ye-Hepatitis C (ukutheleleka okungapheli)
- I-human immunodeficiency virus virus 1 (i-HIV-1) (ukutheleleka)
- I-human papillomavirus (HPV) (ukutheleleka ngezinhlobo ezithile)
- Imisebe ye-ionizing (zonke izinhlobo)
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-Iron kanye nensimbi (ukuchayeka kwendawo yokusebenza)
- Uthuli lesikhumba
- Amafutha amaminerali, angaphathwa kabi noma aphathwe kahle
- I-MOPP namanye ama-chemotherapy ahlanganisiwe afaka ama-alkylating agents
- Amakhemikhali e-nickel
- Ukungcola komoya wangaphandle
- I-Paint (ukuchayeka kwendawo yokusebenzela njengomdwebi)
- Inyama enziwe (ukusetshenziswa)
- I-Radon
- Imbonini yokukhiqiza i-Rubber
- Shale amafutha
- I-silica uthuli, i-crystalline, ngesimo se-quartz noma i-cristobalite
- Imisebe yelanga
- Ugwayi, ungabhema
- Ukubhema ugwayi, ukukhwabanisa
- Ukubhema ugwayi
- I-ultraviolet (UV) imisebe kanye namadivaysi e-ultraviolet-emitting tanning
- I-vinyl chloride
- Uthuli lwokhuni
- I-X-ne-Gamma-imisebe
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. Eyaziwa futhi Mhlawumbe ama-carcinogens Abantu .
I-World Health Organization. Ukuvimbela I-Cancer .