Siyazi ukuthi ukucindezeleka akusihle kithi, ikakhulukazi usuku lokungena, ukucindezeleka kohlobo lokuphuma kwansuku zonke okuqhubekayo amasonto, izinyanga, neminyaka, okubizwa nangokuthi ukucindezeleka kwengqondo okungapheli. Kodwa ingabe kungaba nethonya elikhulu kithi? Kukhona yini umthelela wokwandisa ingozi yethu yezifo eziqondile kakhulu ngisho namagciwane? Impendulo ibonakala ibe yebo ngezinye izifo, kodwa akukhona njalo impendulo ecacile uma kuziwa ngomdlavuza nokuthuthukiswa kwayo.
Imiphumela Yezinkinga Zengqondo
Ngenkathi ukucindezeleka okunye kungukucindezeleka okuhle okusigcina kusishukumisela futhi kusivimbele ekukhunjweni, kukhona olunye uhlobo lokucindezeleka olubonakala luyingozi kakhulu.
Ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute (NCI), ukucindezeleka kwengqondo yilokho abantu abazizwa bengaphansi kwengcindezi yengqondo, ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo. Futhi kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi abantu abanamazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka kwengqondo empilweni yabo, noma ababhekana nokucindezeleka njalo esikhathini eside, bangase babe engozini yokuthuthukisa izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza. Nokho, okungenani ngokuphathelene nomdlavuza, kuneziningi ezingaziwa.
Imiphumela Yezinkinga Zokuqashwa
Iqembu labacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseMontreal eCanada ligxile ekuxhumaneni phakathi kokucindezeleka kwengqondo nokusebenza komdlavuza endaweni. Baqala ukutadisha ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokucindezeleka okuhlobene nomsebenzi kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokusebenza, nokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza-into engakaze yenziwe ngaphambili.
Ukuthola kwakumangalisa, nakuba isifundo singenzelwe ukuvumela noma yiziphi iziphetho eziqinile mayelana nezizathu nomphumela.
Ukucwaninga, abacwaningi baxoxisana nabantu abangu-3 103 abatholwe benomdlavuza owodwa wezinhlobo ezingu-11 phakathi kuka-1979 no-1985. Kwesinye iqembu, babe nezingxoxo ezivela kumadoda angu-512 emphakathini owakhonza njengezilawuli zokufunda.
Wonke amadoda ahlanganisiwe esifundweni ayecelwa ukuba achaze umsebenzi ngamunye ayewusebenzako ngesikhathi sokuphila, ngokubheka ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nomsebenzi kanye nesizathu sokuthi babezizwa becindezelekile emsebenzini. Indoda ejwayelekile kulolu cwaningo yaqhuba imisebenzi emine ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwakhe, kodwa abanye ababambe iqhaza babenemisebenzi eyishumi nambili noma ngaphezulu.
Ngabe Kunoma yikuphi ukuCindezela Kokuqapha Kokuqapha Kwezisebenzi KuCanscer?
Ukuvezwa kakhudlwana ekucindezelekeni emsebenzini kwakuxhunyaniswe nezimpikiswano ezinkulu zomdlavuza ezindaweni eziyisihlanu zomdlavuza eziyisihlanu. Ukusebenza okungenani umsebenzi owodwa ocindezelayo wawuxhunywe amathuba okwanda komdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-colon, isambiso, i-rectum, isisu, ne- non-Hodgkin lymphoma .
Abacwaningi bavuma ukulinganiselwa kokutadisha, njengokubika ngokweqile ukucindezeleka phakathi kwalabo abanomdlavuza, kodwa bagcina ukuthi uma lezi zixhumanisi zixhaswa, zingagcina zithatha izinto ezibalulekile ekutholeni isayensi nemithi.
Leli qembu labiza ukuthi labo abazobe bezohlola bazohlola lo mbuzo ngokuqhubekayo-ngamanye amazwi, bakhomba isidingo sokufundwa okuqala ngeqembu labantu abanempilo, ukulinganisa ngokucophelela ukucindezeleka ngendlela ehlelekile, bese kuthi ngemva kweminyaka uhlaziye ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza , ucabangela yonke imithombo ehlukene yokucindezeleka kanye nezinguquko phezu kwesikhathi sokusebenza, nokulawula ezinye iziguquko ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kuyinto ede kakhulu.
Abanye abahamba ngezinyawo baphawula ngemisebenzi ecindezelayo:
- Imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke yayihlanganisa nomlilo wokushisa umlilo, unjiniyela wezezimboni, unjiniyela we-aerospace, umphathi wemishini, nomshayeli wezithuthi nomsebenzi wesitimela.
- Ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nomsebenzi ngezinye izikhathi kwahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi owenziwe.
- Ukucindezeleka kwakuthiwa "umthwalo ophezulu wokusebenza nokucindezelwa kwesikhashana, kodwa nakumsebenzi wamakhasimende, izinkampani zokuthengisa, imithwalo yemfanelo, izinkinga zezezimali, ukungavikeleki komsebenzi, izimo ezinobungozi , ukuphathwa kwabasebenzi, ukungqubuzana komsebenzi, nokuhamba okunzima."
Ukubuka Biology
Ukucindezeleka kuthinta kanjani umzimba?
Khumbula, ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kuqukethe ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, kwengqondo, noma ngokomzwelo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi abantu basendulo bezamazama ukusinda kule planethi, uthola umqondo wokuthi ukucindezeleka kuholela kanjani ekuqondiseni ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Imizimba yethu ikhulula ama-hormone okucindezeleka afane ne-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine esenza siqaphele indawo esizungezile futhi sibheke ukuhlolwa kokusongela okunokwengeziwe kunalokho esingakwenza, kusho ukuthi uma ubeka phansi ukulala noma ulale . Ama-hormone akhulisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukusheshisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, nokuphakamisa amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ukuze sikwazi ukubiza amandla ethu, isivinini, kanye nokuphuma kwethu konke okusemandleni ethu.
Abacwaningi bashicilele izifundo ezixhumanisa isikhathi eside, ukucindezeleka okungapheli kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimo ezihlukene, kubandakanya izinkinga zokugaya, izinkinga zokuzala, izinkinga zomchamo kanye nesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba . Ukucindezeleka okunjalo kubonakala kukunciphisa ukuzivikela-akuyona ingozi ukuthi abantu bavame ukuhlaselwa ngamakhaza okuholela emcimbini obalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma leso senzakalo sibangele ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka okuningi.
Ngokusho kwe-NCI, abantu ababhekene nokucindezeleka okungapheli banamatheleleke kakhulu kwizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezifana nomkhuhlane noma amakhaza avamile futhi babe nezinkinga zekhanda, inkathazo yokulala, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka. Futhi ngokwe-NCI, noma kunjalo, "icala" lokucindezeleka njengesizathu esibalulekile somdlavuza, okwamanje, alinamandla kakhulu. Kunezifundo ezithile ezibonisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezici ezihlukahlukene zengqondo nokuthuthukisa umdlavuza, kodwa ezinye izifundo azibonisi lesi sixhumanisi.
Kungabangela kanjani ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ukukhulisa ingozi yomdlavuza? Iqembu elilodwa labacwaningi linesithakazelo ukuthi ukucindezeleka kungathonya kanjani abantu ukuba bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okungenempilo njengokubhema, ukudla ngokweqile nokuphuza ngokweqile, noma ukuphuza ngokweqile. Kulo modeli, ngokuyinhloko ukuziphatha okungekho empilo okwandisa ingozi yomuntu yomdlavuza. Ikamu elihlukile linesithakazelo emiphumeleni yezinto eziphilayo zokucindezeleka okungapheli, ngokwabo, kanye nokusebenzisana nokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza nokuqhubeka. Ikamu ngalinye livuma ukuthi zombili izindlela zingase zidlale kumuntu ofanayo.
Ukucindezeleka Nokusebenzisana Kwakhe Negazi Lomdlavuza
Ezinye izifundo ziye zathola ukuthi izici ezihlobene nokucindezeleka zihambisana nokuqhubekela phambili okusheshayo kwezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza, kuhlanganise namagciwane egazi njenge- leukemia ne-lymphoma . Uma kuziwa engozini yokwandisa umdlavuza ngenxa yokucindezeleka, imiphumela yezifundo iye yahamba ngokungafani, ngokusho kwabalobi bephepha elishicilelwe ngo-November-Disemba 2011 inkinga ethi "I-Psychosomatic Medicine."
Lezi zifundo nezinye, kodwa, ziye zabika ubufakazi obungapheliyo bokusekela umbono wokuthi izinto ezinjengokucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka, nokuzihlukanisa komphakathi kungathinta izinga lomdlavuza oqhubekayo , kanti lezi zinkinga zixhunyaniswa nokukhula komdlavuza ngokushesha.
Uma uya ezifundweni zezilwane, kunezinto ezithola ukuthi umuntu ufuna ukucabanga ukuthi ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamanye khansela. Iqembu elilodwa labacwaningi bakhetha ukutadisha uhlobo lwe-leukemia-pre-B ALL-besebenzisa imodeli yegundane. Kubantu, i-leukemia ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine eziyisisekelo nge-acute vs chronic and lymphocytic vs. myelogenous. Kulezi zinhlobo ezine, i-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (YONKE) yilona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza ezinganeni ezincane , futhi i-pre-B isilwane NONKE iyindlela evelele kakhulu ye-leukemia ezinganeni nasebancane.
Ukuthola okuvela ezifundweni ezenziwe kumagundane kunomkhuba omuhle wokungasebenzi kubantu, ngakho-ke manje sisendaweni yesazi ehlanzekile yesayensi. Isifundo sokutadisha SONKE se-M-pre-B sasithakazelisayo, noma kunjalo, kusukela ekubukeni kwendlela ingqondo nomzimba okungenzeka zihlotshaniswe ngayo, futhi ukuthi lesi sixhumanisi singasebenza kanjani kumdlavuza wegazi.
Abacwaningi baphawula ukuthi kunezinzwa ezihambisana nokucindezeleka okungaqondisa umongo wesithambo, okuyinto indawo yonke yokwakhiwa kwamangqamuzana egazi. Nakuba lezi zibonakaliso zesisindo zikholelwa ukuthi zisebenza ngamaseli avamile (angewona umdlavuza) wegazi (ama-hematopoietic progenitor cells), leli qembu lokucwaninga lazibuza ukuthi ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukuthi lezi zinzwa zibonise umongo we-bone ngendlela yokuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqhubeka kwazo zonke izinkinga zegazi.
Abacwaningi benza amangqamuzana omdlavuza we-pre-B BONKE ozovutha, ukuze ahlolwe uma esetshenziselwa amagundane e-laboratory. Bathola ukuthi ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungase kuphuthumise ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-B-BONKE ye-tumor ye-B-BON nge-pathway-signaling pathway. Babecabanga ukuthi umthelela wokubonakalisa okunjalo kuyo yonke i-biology yomdlavuza akuyona ngqo, kepha ngezinye, ezingenayo umdlavuza, izinhlobo zamaseli endaweni, njengezakhi zamagciwane noma amanye amaseli emangcwabeni evamile amathambo.
Ukuphila Ngomdlavuza Nokubhekana Nokucindezeleka
Umbuzo wokusingatha ukucindezeleka nokufika ekubhekaneni nesifo esisongela impilo yinto ejulile, kanti enye ayinakulinganiswa ngokwanele kufomethi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, uma unomdlavuza, abantu abaningi ezicathulweni zakho bathi bazuze emfundweni yomdlavuza, ukusekelwa kwezenhlalo eqenjini, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukululekwa noma ukukhulumisana, kanye nemithi yokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
Ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute, ukubhekana nokubhekana nokusetshenziswa kwemicabango nokuziphatha kuyavumelana nezimo zokuphila, futhi lesi sikhungo sibonisa ukuthi abantu babhekana ngezindlela ezahlukene. Isitayela sokubhekana nomuntu sivame ukuhlanganiswa nobuntu babo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubhekana nakho kungalingana nomsebenzi omusha wesikhashana, wezinhlobonhlobo. Zinike isikhathi sokuzinikezela, futhi wazi ukuthi lezo zimfuneko zomsebenzi zingashintsha ngezigaba ezahlukene lapho ufinyelela endaweni entsha emgwaqweni wakho womdlavuza. Kungaba nemizwelo ehlukene efika nensimu ngayinye yezigaba ezilandelayo, isibonelo: ukutholakala, ukuphathwa, ukufinyelela ekupheleni ukwelashwa, ukulahlwa, nokufunda umdlavuza ubuye.
Embuzweni wokucindezeleka emdlalweni, i -American Society of Clinical Oncology incoma ukuthi zonke iziguli ezinomdlavuza zihlolwe ukucindezeleka lapho kutholakala ukuthi isifo somdlavuza senziwa kuqala, futhi ngokuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi ngezigaba eziyinhloko noma izikhathi zokushintsha komuntu izifo.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukubona ukucindezeleka komuntu onomdlavuza. Isibonelo, ukuzwa sengathi unomthwalo kwabanye umcabango ovamile ongavela ngesikhathi esisodwa uma ulwa nesimo sakho. Akusho njalo ukuthi ucindezelekile, kodwa ukuzwa unecala kakhulu ngakho kungaba isibonakaliso sokucindezeleka. Ukuzizwa ungenathemba ukuthi uzokwelashwa lapho ususeduze nokufa kungumqondo ovamile, kodwa ungenalo ithemba, kwezinye izindawo-akukho ithemba lokuthi ungahlala ukhululekile, noma ungenalo ithemba lokuthi inzalo yakho ingaqhubeka ikhula kahle izimpilo zabo emva kokulila ukulahleka kwakho-lokhu kungaba izibonakaliso zokucindezeleka.
Izwi elivela
Abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "umsulwa womdlavuza" ngezindlela ezahlukene. Abanye abasinda emdlavuza bayazi ukuthi umdlavuza uzogcina ekufeni, kanti abanye baphulukiswa futhi bangalindela ukuphila ngokugcwele. Kunoma yikuphi, abasindile bayashintshwa kuze kube phakade kusukela kulokhu okuhlangenwe nakho.
Ikusasa ngokuqinisekile ngeke liqhubeke lidalula izici ezintsha zokuxhumana phakathi kwengqondo nomzimba kwezokwelapha ikakhulukazi endaweni yomdlavuza. Okwamanje, ukulawula ukucindezeleka kungcono kakhulu uma ungasiza ekuhlaleni izinga eliphakeme lokuphila.
> Imithombo:
> Blanc-Lapierrea A, uRousseau MC, Weiss D, et al. Umbiko wesikhathi sokuphila wokucindezeleka okubonakalayo emsebenzini nasemdlalweni phakathi kwamadoda: Ucwaningo lokulawulwa kwamacala e-Montreal, Canada. I-Med Prev. 2016 Dec 5; 96: 28-35. doi: 10.1016 / j.ypmed.2016.12.004. [I-Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta].
> National Cancer Institute. Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kanye neCanscer. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/feelings/stress-fact-sheet.
> Lamkin DM, Sloan EK, Patel AJ, et al. Ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kuthuthukisa ukuqhuma kwesifo se-lymphoblastic leukemia nge-β-adrenergic. I-Brain Behav Immun . 2012; 26 (4): 635-641.