6 Izinkolelo Zokwenziwa Kokuhlinzwa Knee

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Inganekwane: Kufanele Unike Amagazi Ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzwa okuyisifo senyango kungenye yezinqubo zokuhlinzwa ezivame kakhulu ezenziwe ngabahlinzayo bama-orthopedic, futhi ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe- arthritis ephakeme yehlangothini lamadolo . Uma usuwenze isinqumo sokuqhubeka nokuguqula amadolo, ngokuqinisekile uzozwa kusuka kubangani nomndeni mayelana nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo nalokhu kuhlinzwa. Njengoba sifunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthuthukisa imiphumela nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe ngalokhu kuhlinzeka, kunemininingwane engashintsha mayelana nenqubo yokuguqula amadolo.

Umngane owayegugile esikhundleni seminyaka engama-20 eyedlule kungenzeka ukuthi waba nokuhlangenwe nakho okwehluke kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi ongayenza namhlanje. Lapha sihlola ezinye zezinkolelo zamadolo esikhundleni, nalokho esikufundile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nginakuqinisekisa, ukuthi imininingwane izoqhubeka nokushintsha, futhi inqubo yokuguqula amadolo izobukeka ihlukile eminyakeni engu-20 kusukela manje. Kodwa-ke, lezi ezinye zezinguquko ezenziwe futhi kungani singasenzi ukuguqula amadolo ngokufana naso esikhathini esidlule.

Lokhu akusho ukuthi odokotela abahlinzayo emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule kwakungalungile konke. Eqinisweni, kuyamangaza indlela ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okuqala okusebenza ngayo kahle, futhi okuphawulekayo ukuthi kubukeka kangakanani njengezimpande zamasondo zanamuhla. Ngenkathi izinhlelo zokuhlinzekwa nezinhlelo zokuvuselela zihlanjululwe, umsebenzi omningi wokuguqula amadolo ubonakala ufana kakhulu neminyaka namashumi eminyaka esikhathini esidlule. Kuye kwahlanjululwa, futhi yilezi ezinye zezinganekwane eziza ukudlala. Funda ngezinye izinguquko ezincomo ezenzeke emashumini ambalwa adlule.

Ukuqala kokuguqula amadolo ukuthi iziguli azihlinzeki ngegazi labo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa . Kwakujwayele ukuthi kube yinto lapho kuvamile ukuba abantu banikeze i-unit eyodwa noma emibili yegazi ngaphambi kokuba igazi lingatholakala uma kudingeka emva kokuhlinzwa. Isizathu sokuthi lokhu kwakukhangayo ukuthi kukhona ingozi encane yokudluliswa kwezifo (njenge-HIV noma i-hepatitis) ngokusebenzisa igazi lakho.

Eqinisweni, ingozi yokudluliswa kwezifo isincane kakhulu, futhi ingozi yokungcola kwemikhiqizo yegazi ingase ibe yilapho iphakamisa igazi lakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokunikela ngegazi ibangela ukuba ukwehla okukhulu kwegazi kubalwe, okwenza abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-anemic. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu abanikela ngegazi labo kuphela abanethuba eliphakeme kakhulu lokudinga igazi labo elibuyiselwe emuva, empeleni baneengozi ephakeme yokudinga igazi elengeziwe. Ngokuvamile, akunconywa ukuba unikele ngegazi lakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kokuguqulwa kwamadolo.

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Inganekwane: Ukwelashwa Kwekuphela Kokuthi Kude Kunokwenzeka

Inkolelo yesibili yimiqondo yokuthi ukuhlinzwa kumele kubambezeleke ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngenkathi kunezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngokuhlinzwa okwenziwa komunye umuntu omncane noma ongenawo amandla e-arthritis, asikho nesidingo sokulibaziseka ukuhlinzwa kuze kube yilapho imisebenzi ejwayelekile yansuku zonke iba nzima noma ingenakwenzeka.

Ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlinzwa ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kunini umbuzo onzima kokubili iziguli nodokotela abazama ukufika emphumela omuhle kakhulu. Wonke umuntu unombono ohlukile wobuhlungu nokukhubazeka, futhi ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kungase kube ukwelashwa okungasiza abanye kakhulu, kuyilapho kungenakuzuzisa abanye. Idatha eyengeziwe ibuthene ukuze inqume ukuthi ingcono kanjani ukululeka iziguli lapho kufanele uqhubeke nokwelashwa kwe-arthritis yamadolo.

Lokho kusho ukuthi kunezinkinga zokubambezela ukuguqula amadolo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Esinye sezibikezelo ezibaluleke kakhulu kokubili ukusebenza nokuhamba kwamadolo esikhundleni salo msebenzi nokuhamba kwamadolo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Abantu abanezintamo ezinzima kakhulu, ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthi babuyiselwe umsebenzi omningi noma ukunyakaza njengabantu abanamadolo amakhulu futhi aguquguqukayo.

Kukhona nokukhathazeka ukuthi njengoba abantu bebhekene nezimpawu ze-arthritis emajoyini abo, bangase bahlale behlala phansi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzuzeni isisindo nakweminye imibandela yezokwelapha okubandakanya ukubekezelelana kokuvivinya umzimba okuncane, isifo sikashukela kanye nezinye izinto ezikhathazayo. Ukungavumeli umzimba ukuba uhlelwe kabusha kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela kusuka ekusebenzeni kokuguqulwa kwamadolo.

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Inganekwane: Ukwelashwa Okuncane Okumangalisayo Kungcono (noma Okubi Kakhulu)

Lesi yisitatimende esiphikisanayo, ngoba akekho umuntu ongakutshela ukuthi kusho ukuthini, kodwa ngivumele ngichaze: Akukaze kube nesivumelwano kulokho okuchaza " ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okunciphisa kancane kancane ." Ngibonile abanye odokotela abahlinzayo abakhangisa lokhu obonakala sengathi benza ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okujwayelekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngibonile odokotela abahlinzayo abangenzi lutho olunjalo lokungabonakali, kodwa baneziphumo ezivelele ngokuhlinzeka ngezinqubo zokuhlinzeka ezincane kakhulu, ezingenasidingo.

Iphuzu liwukuthi, noma ubani ongasho ukuthi lokho abakwenzayo kuhlasela kancane. Noma kunjalo, lokho akusho neze konke okuningi futhi kuqobo. Bonke odokotela abahlinzayo abaqhamukayo bazama ukufaka ukutshala okusebenzayo kahle njengokulimala okuncane okungadingekile komonakalo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka. Kunezindlela ezithile ezihlongozwayo ukuze kunciphise inani lomonakalo owenziwe ngezithambile, kodwa akukho ukuvumelana okuncane ukuthi kungakanani le ndaba.

Okuyiqiniso ukuthi, isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke sokuguqula amadolo akusilo ubukhulu besibalo kodwa ikhwalithi yokuhlinzwa. Ngokuqinisekile ngizizwa ngisici esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthola udokotela ohlinzayo , onomlando wemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Uma unemibuzo mayelana namasu awo wokuhlinza, kunengqondo ukubuza, kodwa ngiyakumxwayisa ukuthi noma ubani ongase athi amasu awo ayingxenye encane. Lokhu kungase kungasho okuningi.

Akukho ukuvumelanisa okucacile ukuthi ukwenza umsebenzi wokuguqula amadolo nganoma yikuphi indlela encane engavumelaniyo kuholela emiphumeleni engcono yesikhathi eside, kanti kukhona ucwaningo oluningi lokusekela umqondo wokuthi ukufaka endaweni ehle kahle futhi ehambelaniswe ukuguqula amadolo kubaluleke kakhulu emiphumeleni ephumelelayo. Okusemqoka-ungabi umhlatshelo ikhwalithi yokuhlinzwa ngenxa yesikhumba esincane!

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Inganekwane: Ukuya Emthonjeni Wezokwelapha Eziphuthumayo

Eminyakeni edlule yokuguqa ngamadolo, abantu bangena esibhedlela ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwabo. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, bangase bachithe isonto noma ngaphezulu esibhedlela, ngaphambi kokudluliselwa ekunakekelweni okusheshayo (isikhungo se-rehab noma ikhaya labahlengikazi) ukuze kutholakale ukuphinde kutholakale. Mina, ukuthi izikhathi zishintshile kanjani!

Namuhla, abanye odokotela abahlinzayo bazama ukubuyisela endaweni yokuhlanganyela, lapho abantu bebuyela khona ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlinzwa kwabo. Ngokuqinisekile lokhu akuyona into evamile, kodwa iziguli eziningi zibuyela ekhaya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuhlinzwa, futhi ukusetshenziswa kokuvuselelwa kokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ukuphuza. Iphesenti labantu ababuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa liye laphuma ngamaphesenti angama-15 ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990 kuya ezingamaphesenti angaba ngu-50 manje.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ukuya ekhaya kungase kube ngcono, phakathi kwazo ukuthi abantu ababuyela ekhaya babonakala banenkinga encane. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2016, oluhlola izici ezithile ezingasetshenziselwa ukubikezela ukuthi iziphi iziguli ezingase zihanjiswe esibhedlela ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwamadolo, zitholwe ukuthi ukukhishwa kwesikhungo sokuvuselela iziguli zenze lokhu kube lula.

Odokotela abahlinzayo abaningi bakhetha ukuhlala ekhaya kanye nokuphulukisa iziguli, futhi abathinteki kakhulu ngamathuba okutheleleka kwezempilo okungatholakala emitholampilo, emakhaya asebehlengikazi nasezikhungweni zokuhlala kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokunakekelwa kwekhaya elibhekene nesiguli ziyinto encane kakhulu, ngakho-ke kukhona ukucindezeleka komnotho ukuzama ukuthola iziguli ekhaya kunokuba kunesikhungo sokugula.

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Inganekwane: Ukubuyiselwa Kokuvuselelwa Kwemishini Yama-Bending

Kwaphela iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi, ikakhulukazi ngawo-1990, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ebizwa nge-CPM, noma ukunyakaza okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo, kwakuthandwayo. Le mishini yayibekwe embhedeni wesiguli esasiguqukile, futhi lapho eseselele embhedeni, kancane kancane yaguqa phansi.

Lokhu kwenza umqondo omkhulu; enye yezinselelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvuselelwa kwamadolo ukuvuselela ukuqhutshwa kwamadolo. Ukunyakaza kokuqala cishe kuyindlela ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukuqinisekisa ukuvuselelwa kokunyakaza. Ngokubeka iziguli ku-CPM, ithemba kwakuwukuthola ukuqaqa kokuqala kwesinye sezici ezinzima kunazo zonke ze-rehab.

Eqinisweni, kuneziphumo zakuqala ezikhuthazayo. Idatha isikisela ukuthi ezinsukwini nasemasontweni okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuguqulwa kwamadolo, abantu abasebenzisa idivayisi ye-CPM babe ne-range ehamba phambili yokunyakaza. Kodwa-ke, kungakapheli amasonto amane okuhlinzwa, kwakungekho umehluko wezibalo phakathi kwabantu abasebenzisa umshini we-CPM nalabo abangazange bakwenze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinyathelo zokuthola kabusha ngaphandle kokuhamba phambili kubonakala sengathi zibonisa ukuthi labo abasebenzisa i-CPM banqamuka ngemuva.

Okuyiqiniso ukuthi idatha idalula ngokucacile ukuthi esikhundleni sokuguqulwa kwamadolo afanele, lokhu akunandaba. Eqinisweni, bangase bahlehlise izinto ngokunciphisa inani lezikhathi abantu bavuka futhi baphume embhedeni, isici esibaluleke nakakhulu sezinkathi zokuqala zokubuyela emuva kusuka emadolweni esikhundleni.

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Inganekwane: Awuyi Fly for 3 Months

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yokuguqulwa kwamadolo ukugwema izinkinga ezihambisana nale nqubo. Enye yezinkinga abantu abaningi abakhathazekile ngayo i- clot yegazi . Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa nezinyathelo ezithathwe ukuvimbela igazi le-clot.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela abahlinzayo bazozama ukunciphisa ezinye izici ezingandisa ukwanda kwegazi. Enye yalezi zinto eziyingozi kuyindlela yokuhamba emoyeni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuhamba komoya isikhathi eside kungandisa amathuba okugaya igazi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo bazokweluleka ngokumelene nanoma yikuphi ukuhamba emoyeni izinyanga ezintathu (noma ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi eside) ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Okuyiqiniso ukuthi izifundo azizange zithole ukuhamba kwezindiza, ikakhulukazi ezindizeni ezincane (ngaphansi kwamahora angu-4), ukwandisa amathuba okugaya igazi kulabo abasanda kuguqula idolo. Eqinisweni, isifundo esisodwa sihlola iziguli ezabalekela ekhaya kusukela ekuhlinzekeni (zingakapheli izinsuku zenqubo yabo), kwakungekho umehluko ngengozi ye-clot yegazi.

Abalobi balolu cwaningo basanxusa zonke izixwayiso ezijwayelekile ( imithi egazini elincinci, ukuthutha okusheshayo nokuvame njalo, amasokisi okucindezela), kanye nokunciphisa ubude bezindiza, kodwa abatholanga ukuthi izindiza ezidingekayo zigwenywe ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izici ezifaka ingozi yokwanda kwegazi, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokucubungula ukuhamba emoyeni ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuguqulwa kwamadolo, kufanele ukhulume nalokhu nodokotela wakho. Kodwa-ke, odokotela abaningi baqala ukukhululeka kakhulu ngezincomo zabo ezivimbela ukuhamba kwezindiza ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

> Imithombo:

> Bierbaum BE, Callaghan JJ, Jong Galante, Rubash HE, Tooms RE, Welch RB: Ukuhlaziywa kokuphathwa kwegazi ezigulini ezine-hip noma i-knee arthroplasty. I-Bone Bone Joint Surg Ngo-1999; 81 (1): 2-10.

> I-Fortin PR, "Isikhathi sokuphindaphinda ngokuhlanganyela sithinta imiphumela yomtholampilo phakathi kweziguli ezine-osteoarthritis ye-hip noma idolo." I-Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Dec; 46 (12): 3327-30.

> Varacallo MA, Herzog L, Toossi N, Johanson NA. "Amathrendi Wezinyanga Eziyishumi Nezicabha Ezizimele Zokuzimela Ngokungavunyelwe Ngokulandela Ukukhethwa Kwama-Total Arthroplasty Ekhethiwe Esibhedlela Esikhulu Esikhungweni Sezidolobha" J Arthroplasty. 2017 Jun; 32 (6): 1739-1746. Epub 2016 Dec 27.

> Watson HG, i-Baglin TP. Izikhombisi-ndlela eziphathelene ne-thrombosis ene-venous ehlobene nokuhamba. Br J Haematol 2011; 152 (1): 31-34. Epub 2010 Nov 18.