I-CD20 iyi-marker ye-CD-i-molecule esesitokisini esingasetshenziswa ukukhomba nokuthayipha iseli ethile emzimbeni. I-CD20 itholakala ebusweni bama cell B, kodwa ake siphindele futhi sikwenze kube lula ukuyiqonda.
Yiziphi izimpawu zeCD?
Izimpawu ze-CD ziyi-molecule ezitholakala phezulu kwamangqamuzana emizimbeni yethu. Ungazizwa zibizwa ngokuthi ama-antigens - futhi i-antigen ngokuyisisekelo kukhona into engaphezulu kweseli engabonwa ngumzimba wethu wamasosha omzimba.
Isibonelo, amangqamuzana ethu amhlophe wegazi angase aqaphele ama-antigens ebusweni bomhlaseli bebhaktheriya futhi amangqamuzana amhlophe anakho ukuphendula kulokho okubonakala kahle njengengozi.
Yonke iseli emizimbeni yethu ine-marker ye-CD, futhi iphelele kunezingu-250 zama-antigen. Ithemu ye-CD imele iqoqo lokuhlukanisa - futhi futhi, yindlela eyodwa lapho izinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana zingatshelwa khona. Ukukwazi ukubona lezi zimpawu ze-CD kungabaluleka ikakhulukazi uma ungeke ukwazi ukubona uhlobo lweseli.
Amakhamera we-CD, ama-B, nama-T
Ama-lymphomas angumdlavuza wohlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa ngokuthi i-lymphocytes. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-lymphocytes - ama-lymphocyte B noma ama-cell B , nama- lymphocyte T noma amaseli e-T . Zombili izinhlobo ze-lymphocytes zisiza ukuvikela imizimba yethu ekutheleleni.
Ama-B namaseli e-T anemisebenzi ehlukene, futhi amakhemikhali we-cell ngayinye e-B enza ngendlela ehlukile kumdlavuza wamaseli B.
Naphezu kwazo zonke lezi zinguquko, kungaba nzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwe-2 ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Uhlobo olunjengamawele amabili afanayo aziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu futhi aphendule abantu ngokuhlukile kodwa abukeke ngokufanayo.
Kuyini i-CD20?
I-CD20 i-antigen etholakala ebusweni bama cell B ngaphandle kwama-T cells.
Isibonelo sokuthi i-CD-20 ingasetshenziswa kanjani ukutshela amaseli ahlukaniswe lapha:
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-khansa ehlukene kakhulu ezibukeka njengezinwele ezifanayo ngaphansi kwe-microscope, kodwa zinezifo ezihlukene kakhulu zezifo futhi ziphendule ngokuhlukile emithonjeni : Ukusabalalisa i-B cell lymphoma enkulu (i-DLBCL) ngumdlavuza ohlanganisa amangqamuzana B. Ngaphansi kwe-microscope amangqamuzana abukeka njengamaseli anomdlavuza we-T atholakala ku- celllastic cell lymphoma (ALCL) . Zombili lezi zomshukela zinomzimba omkhulu, "amangqamuzana" abukayo futhi angahle ahlukaniswe. I-CD20 ingasetshenziselwa ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwalezi zomshukela ezimbili kulowo miphumela yokuhlolwa ye-CD20 ngokuvamile iyoba nomphumela uma kwenzeka ku-DLBCL kodwa ingalungile ku-ALCL.
Uvivinywa Njani?
Inqubo ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i- immunohistochemistry (IHC) isetshenziselwa ukukhomba i-CD20 futhi inqume ukuthi isifo segazi esimhlophe esingumdlavuza (i-lymphocyte ikakhulukazi) i-B-cell noma i-T-cell.
Ukuphathwa Kanjani?
Ukwelashwa nokubikezelwa kwe-B-cell ne-T-cell lymphomas ngokuvamile kuhlukile.
Isigaba esisha esisha semithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-monoclonal antibodies isebenza kahle kakhulu kwamanye ama-lymphomas. Njengoba nje imizimba yethu yenza ama-antibodies alwe nama-bacteria namagciwane, ama-antibodies omzimba angama-antibodies anziwe ngamuntu aklanyelwe ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza.
Futhi njengoba nje imizimba yethu yenza ama-antibodies aqaphela ama-antigens kuma-bacteria ama-virus, lezi zinselo zomzimba zodwa zibona ama-antigens ebusweni bamangqamuzana omdlavuza; kulokhu, i-CD20.
Ukusebenzisa i-anti-monoglonal antibody ebophezela ku-CD20 kuyosebenza kuphela ngokumelene nomdlavuza ene-CD20 antigens ebusweni, njenge-ALCL esithombeni esingenhla.
I-Monoclonal Antibody Treatment ne-CD20
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-antibodies e-monoclonal ezisetshenziswa manje. Ama-antibodies e-monoclonal aphatha i-B cell lymphomas nama-leukemia nge-CD20 antigen ebusweni bamaseli afaka:
- I-Rituxan (rituximab)
- I-Zevalin (Ibritumomab tiuxetan)
- I-Bexxar (tositumomab)
- I-Gazyva (obinutuzumab)
- I-Arzerra (ye-atumumab)
Nakuba bonke bebopha i-CD20, kukhona umehluko phakathi kwala ma antibodies. Abanye kuthiwa yi-chimeric efana ne-rituximab, okusho ukuthi abakhiqizi be-bio basebenzise 'ukuxuba izinto zokwakha' ukuze benze umuthi we-antibody, omunye umuntu, igundane elithile; ezinye zihlanjululwa (i-obinutuzumab) kanti ezinye ziyisintu ngokugcwele (ofatumumab), okusho ukuthi zonke izingxenye zivela emithonjeni ye-gene => amaprotheni. Khona-ke, esinye isici sokuhlukanisa ukuthi ezinye zixhunyaniswa nezakhi zomsakazo (ibritumomab tiuxetan ne-tositumomab).
Ukubhekana Ne-Lymphoma
Njengoba usufinyelele kuleli khasi, uthatha isinyathelo esikhulu phambili ekubeni ngumhlanganyeli osebenzayo ekunakekeleni kwakho. Izifundo zithole ukuthi ukufunda okuningi ngesifo sakho ngangokunokwenzeka , futhi ukudlala indima esebenzayo ekunakekeleni kwakho, kusiza nje ukubhekana nokukhathazeka komdlavuza kodwa kungasiza ngemiphumela kanye. Finyelela emndenini nabangani. Hlola umphakathi omuhle we-inthanethi wabantu abane-leukemia ne-lymphoma-abantu ongakwazi ukufinyelela ku-24/7 ukusekela kanye nemibuzo. Futhi qinisekisa ukuthi ungummeli wakho siqu ekunakekelweni komdlavuza wakho . Imithi ishintsha futhi i-oncologists ingabe ibekezelela kuphela kodwa ilindele ukusebenzisana nawe ukuze uhlele uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kuwe njengomuntu.
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. I-Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment - I-Health Professional Version (PDQ). Kubuyekezwe 01/15/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/adult-nhl-treatment-pdq