Ngokusho kwe-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yabantu abadala e-United States bakhuluphele. Lokho kungama-78.6 million amalungu omphakathi omdala wesizwe.
Ubhubhane obuthakathaka buya ngokubiza kakhulu empilweni yomuntu ngamunye kanye nenani labantu, kanye nokuqoqa izindleko zezokwelapha ezengeze izindleko zokukhuphuka kwesimiso sethu sezempilo. Ngonyaka ka-2008, i-CDC ilinganisela, izindleko zokwelapha zonyaka zonke e-US zaziyizigidi ezingu-147 zamaRandi ngonyaka ka-2008. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zezokwelapha zalabo abanesisindo sokudla ngokweqile zazilinganiselwa kumaRandi angu-1,429 kunama-esisindo esivamile.
Manje i-website yezimali yomuntu siqu i-WalletHub ikhishwe uhlu lwazo zendawo ezihamba kakhulu kunazo zonke e-United States. Ngokusho kweWalletHub, abahlaziyi bayo baqhathanisa izindawo eziyi-100 eziphakathi komhlaba, ezibhekene namamitha angu-14, ukuze abone amadolobha "lapho izinkinga ezihlobene nesisindo zifuna ukunakekelwa okukhulu."
Izindawo ezilandelayo zedolobha zenze uhlu:
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Memphis, eTennesseeI-Memphis ibeka kuqala njengendawo yendawo emincane kunabo bonke, ukuthola amaphuzu aphelele kusuka ku-WalletHub ka-76.97. I-Memphis yayinephesenti eliphezulu kakhulu labantu abadala abakhuluphele kakhulu kanye nephesenti eliphezulu kakhulu labantu abadala abangasebenzi.
I-Memphis ifakwe endaweni yesibili (nge-El Paso, TX) yephesenti eliphezulu labantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela. Ukukhuluphala yisisusa esaziwa sohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili , ngakho-ke lokhu kuhlanganiswa akumelwe kumangaze. Njengoba izinga lokukhula ngokweqile liye lafinyelela e-United States nasemhlabeni wonke, ngakho-ke unamazinga ohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2.
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I-Shreveport-Bossier City, e-LouisianaIndawo yaseMexico yaseShreveport-Bossier City eLouisana ithola amaphuzu angu-75.24 kusukela ku-WalletHub, ibeka endaweni yesibili ohlwini "emadolobheni ahlangene".
Le ndawo yendawo yedolobha ibhaliswe yesihlanu ngokwemaphesenti yabantu abadala abakhuluphele, futhi iboshelwe indawo yokuqala kumaphesenti abantu abadala abadla okuncane kunezithelo ezilodwa kanye / noma imifino ngosuku.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino kubalulekile, ngoba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izinga eliphezulu lokudla izithelo nemifino, ukwehlisa izinga lokukhuluphala kanye nezinye izifo ezingapheli ezifana nesifo senhliziyo nomdlavuza.
Izithelo nemifino enhle (ngokugcizelela "konke" -ukuthi awukhulumi ngamapayi apula lapha) aqukethe izinhlobo eziningi ze-fiber, amavithamini, ama-antioxidants, nezinye izakhi ezidinga umzimba wakho. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi, ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo ezinomsoco, ukudla izithelo nemifino yonke kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho. Ukudla nezithelo zemifino kuboniswe nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-endothelial function).
Ukudla izithelo nezitshalo akuyona nje into encane; empeleni, kubalulekile empilweni. I-World Health Organization (WHO) ilinganisela ukuthi cishe izigidi ezingu-1.7, noma 2.8%, zokufa emhlabeni wonke kungabalwa ngokudla izithelo nemifino embalwa kakhulu!
I-WHO iphinda iqikelele ukuthi ukudla okwanele kwezithelo nemifino kubangelwa ukushona kwabantu abangaba ngu-14% ngenxa yomdlavuza wesisu, 11% we-ischemic disease deaths, ne-9% yokufa kwesifo sohlangothi.
Ukwengeza, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukudla izithelo nemifino kwezintathu eziyisihlanu ngosuku kuzonciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo, futhi ukudla okungaphezu kwamaminithi amahlanu ngosuku kuyokwehlisa leyo ngozi engaphezu kwalokho. Ngendlela ejwayelekile, izithelo nemifino eningi oyidlayo, ingciphisa ingozi yakho. Ukubuya okuhle kakhulu ekutshalweni kwakho.
Izithelo nemifino zihlanganisa nokudla okuphansi kwekhalori. Umbiko we-WHO usho ukuthi kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi ukudla izithelo nemifino kunciphisa ingozi yokukhuluphala. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okuphezulu kwekhalori njengokudla okusetshenzisiwe okuphezulu ushukela namafutha, izithelo nemifino akunamathuba okuba nomthelela ekukhulupheni ngokweqile noma ngokweqile. Futhi, ngoba ziqukethe ama-fiber aphezulu kanye nezinye izakhi, zihlotshaniswa nengozi ephansi yesifo sikashukela ne- insulin ukumelana . Ngezizathu ezifanayo, zenza abantu bazizwe begcwele ngamakhalori ambalwa, ngaleyo ndlela basiza ukuvimbela ukuzuza kwesisindo.
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I-Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, e-IndianaNgokuhlanganiswa kwezici, indawo yendawo yedolobha eyayibeka ohlwini lwesithathu ohlwini lukaMalletHub lwezindawo eziningi zemigwaqo e-obhekene ne-Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, enezingqikithi ezingu-73.88. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-WalletHub kuhlanganisa isilinganiso esilinganiselwe kuwo wonke amamethrikhi njengokuthi "ukusabalalisa amafutha," "izinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nesisindo" kanye "nemvelo enempilo," kodwa kuthiwa bambalwa.
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Jackson, MississippiUJackson ubeka okwesine ohlwini lwabalandeli be-WalletHub, ngamaphuzu angu-73.75. Le ndawo yendawo yedolobha ibhekwe okwesithathu kumaphesenti abantu abadala abakhuluphele futhi iphesenti labantu abadala abangasebenzi.
UJackson ubeka okwesishiyagalombili emaphesenti abantu abadala abadla izithelo ezingaphansi kwesisodwa kanye / noma imifino ngosuku.
Ukuxhuma phakathi kokusebenza okungokomzimba nokukhuluphala kuyasungulwa kahle. Imikhombandlela eminingi kazwelonke kanye nasemhlabeni wonke iphakamisa ukuthola okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 yokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokulinganayo njalo ngesonto. Lokhu kungahumusha imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa ngesonto, isibonelo. Futhi ucwaningo luye lwaveza izinzuzo zezempilo zokuhamba ngamaminithi angu-30 nsuku zonke: ku-Nurses 'Health Study, ngokwesibonelo, labo abahamba ngokukhawuleza noma abaphumelele ukuzivocavoca umzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke babe nengozi ephansi yokungazelelwe ukufa komzimba phakathi neminyaka engu-26 yokulandela.
Yini ebala njengokuzivocavoca umzimba? Imisebenzi yemvelo efana nokulima okujwayelekile , ukuhamba okusheshayo, ukudansa kwebhola, nokulingana kufinyelela esigabeni sokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Ukwengeza, ngokusho kweMicrosoft Activity Guidelines yamaMelika kusukela eMnyangweni wezeMpilo eNingizimu neMelika (HHS), ukuthola okungenani ihora elingu-1 nemizuzu engu-15 yokuzivocavoca ngamandla onke masonto onke kungahlangabezana nesilinganiso esincane sokusebenza okuphakanyisiwe. Ukuzivocavoca okukhulu kuhlanganisa imisebenzi efana nokuhamba emanzini, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili noma ngaphezulu kwamamayela ayishumi ngehora, ukubhukuda okusheshayo, ukugijima, ukuvivinya umzimba okuvamile, nokukhwabanisa okunzima noma ukumba umgodi, phakathi kwabanye.
Inothi lemihlahlandlela ye-HHS ukuthi izinzuzo zezempilo ezengeziwe zingatholakala ngokukhulisa inani lomsebenzi wokuzivocavoca umzimba okungenani amahora amahlanu ngesonto, noma ukwandisa ukuzivocavoca ngamandla okungenani amahora amabili / 2 ngesonto.
Le mihlahlandlela iphinde ikhuthaze ukuhlanganyela ekuvivinya umzimba kwemisipha okungenani izinsuku ezimbili ngesonto. Lokhu kubalulekile ekwakheni nasekulondolozeni amathambo aqinile, ukuqina komzimba wonke, kanye nokwanda komzimba osindayo-okusiza ekulwa nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.
Lezi ziqondiso ziphawula ukuthi "noma yiliphi inani lomsebenzi ongokwenyama lingcono kunokungenzi lutho ... ngisho nokusebenzisa imininingwana engamaminithi angu-10." Futhi lokhu kufinyelele ekugcineni ukuthi ukwenza umgomo ukuqhubeka nokuhamba ngangokunokwenzeka usuku lonke kuyisihluthulelo impilo enhle nempilo phezu kwesikhathi eside.
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I-New Orleans-Metairie, e-LouisianaUkuqothula amahlanu aphezulu kwakunguMasipala waseNew Orleans-Metairie endaweni yaseLouisiana, ngamaphuzu angu-72.94. Abahlaziyi be-WalletHub bathole le ndawo ukuba ibe yinqani yokuqala indawo ngokwemaphesenti yabantu abadala abadla kancane kunezithelo ezilodwa kanye / noma imifino ngosuku.
Njengoba kuboniswe izikhundla ezingenhla, kanti sonke isizwe (futhi, empeleni, izwe) silwa nesifo sofuba, akuzona zonke izindawo ezithintekayo ngokulinganayo. Ngokuphawulekayo, ngokusho kombiko okhethekile we-Trust for America's Health kanye neRobert Wood Johnson Foundation, ngenkathi izinga lokukhuluphala ngokweqile lenyukile phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlanga nezinhlanga, amanye amaqembu athinteka ngaphezu kwamanye.
Isibonelo, phakathi kwabantu abadala base-US, labo abahlukaniswa umbiko njengabantu abamnyama nabaseLatino batholakala ukuthi banamanani aphakeme kakhulu ekukhulupheni kunalokho labo bantu abahlelwa njenge-White. Lokhu kwakuyiqiniso kubo bobabili besilisa nabesifazane kulezi zinhlanga zohlanga nobuzwe.
Ngokukodwa, isikhathi sonyaka ka-2011 kuya ku-2012, izinga lokukhuluphala kwamadoda amakhulu ase-US laliyi-34.9%. Kodwa-ke, izinga labadala abamnyama laliyi-47.8%, futhi phakathi kwabantu abadala baseLatino kwakuyi-42.5%. Phakathi kwabantu abadala base-White, izinga lalingu-32.6%.
Lezi zihlukumezi zaze zafinyelela ezinganeni zokukhuluphala ngokweqile , eziphakeme phakathi kwezingane zaseMnyama naseLatino kunabantwana baseBlue.
Lo mbiko uveza ukuhlaziywa kanye namasu okuvimbela ukukhuluphala okuqondene ngqo nomphakathi ngamunye wobuzwe nobuzwe. Emiphakathini yaseMnyama, abalobi bombhalo bathi "ukungafani kokufinyelela kokudla okunempilo okunempilo nezindawo eziphephile ukuze zisebenze ngokomzimba emazingeni aphezulu okukhuluphala nokugula okuhlobene nemiphakathi yaseMelika eMelika."
Emiphakathini yaseLatino, lo mbiko ubeka "amazinga aphezulu okulamba nokungavikeleki kokudla" kanye nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezindaweni eziphephile zomsebenzi womzimba. "Imiphakathi yaseLatino iphinde ibone" ukungalingani ekufinyeleleni kwezempilo. "
Lo mbiko uqhubeka uphawula ukuthi "ukungalingani ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezizuzayo-izindleko, izindlu ezizinzile nezindleko, ukufinyelela emfundweni yekhwalithi kanye nabanye-konke kuthonya ithuba lomuntu lokuphila impilo ende, enempilo."
Ngakho-ke, ukubhekana nobubanzi obubanzi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezici kuzoba kubalulekile uma sizokwazi ukunqoba lesi sifo.
Imithombo :
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Uhlu Lokudla, Ukusebenza Komzimba, nokukhuluphala. Amaqiniso okukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ifinyeleleka ku-intanethi ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html
Amadolobha amakhulu aseBernardo R. 2016 eMelika. I-WalletHub. Ifinyeleleka ku-Intanethi ku-https: //wallethub.com/edu/fattest-cities-in-america/10532/
I-Seaquist ER. Ukukhuluma ngomthwalo wesifo sikashukela. I-JAMA 2014; 311: 2267-68.
Ishidi lwazi: ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nezitshalo emhlabeni jikelele. I-World Health Organization.
I-Ottawa (ON): I-Canadian Agency yeDrugs and Technologies in Health. Ukwelashwa ngokweqile kunikezwe ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko kweziguli ezine-sikashukela: ukubuyekezwa kokusebenza komtholampilo. 2014 Jun 25.
Umkhandlu waseSweden on Assessment Standardset. Ukwelashwa kokudla kokukhuluphala: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile. I-Stockholm: Umkhandlu waseSweden on Health Assessment Assessment (SBU); 2013 Sep.
Doucet E, iNkosi N, Levine JA, Ross R. Ukuvuselela ekuzivocavoca nasekulawuleni isisindo. J Obes 2011; 2011: 358205. Epub 2011 Dec 18.
Imihlahlandlela yomsebenzi womzimba wabaseMelika. UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Ifinyeleleke ku-intanethi ku-http: //www.health.gov/PAGuidelines/ ngoJuni 12, 2014.
U-Chiuve SE, i-Fung TT, i-Rexrode KM, iSpiegelman D, et al. Ukuhambisana nokuphila okungengozini, impilo enempilo kanye nobungozi bokufa kwe-cardiac ngokuzumayo phakathi kwabesifazane. I-JAMA 2011; 306: 62-69.
UMbuso Wokukhuluphala: Imigomo Engcono YeMelika Ecebile. Umbiko okhethekile: ukungalingani ngokobuhlanga nokuhlukumezeka kobuzwe. Ifinyeleleka ku-intanethi ku- http://stateofobesity.org/disparities/.