Amangqamuzana omzimba wemvelo athole ukunakekelwa okuningi eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yendima abadlala ngayo ekuzivikelweni yedwa kodwa futhi indima yabo ekulwa nomdlavuza. Uma ngabe ulalele izindaba zakamuva ezidakamizwa ze-immunotherapy , kuhlanganise nentuthuko yakamuva emithi yokwelapha, uzobona lawa maseli avela kaningi. Yiziphi ngempela amangqamuzana ezibulalayo zemvelo, yimuphi umsebenzi wazo ohlelweni lokuzivikela omzimba, futhi zisiza kanjani ukulwa nomdlavuza?
Incazelo yamaCells Killer Kills (NK Amaseli)
Amangqamuzana omzimba wemvelo (NK cells) ayingxenye enonya yomzimba wokuzivikela omzimba odlala indima ebalulekile ekuqedeni amaseli omdlavuza kanye namaseli anesandulela ngculazi emzimbeni. Izakhi ze-NK zihlobo lwe- lymphocyte , okuyiyona enye yezinhlobo zamangqamuzana egazi ezimhlophe emzimbeni
Indlela Abasebenza Ngayo Nokungena Emzimbeni
Njengengxenye yesimiso sokuvikela amasosha omzimba, amangqamuzana ebulalayo akudingeki aqaphele ukungajwayelekile (i-antigen) kumaseli anegciwane lesandulela ngculazi noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa neminye imisebenzi yamaseli omzimba omzimba avela kwimemori ye-immunologic (uhlobo lwemisebenzi okugonyelwe ngayo ukugoma). Uma iseli singabonakali njengengxenye evamile yomzimba, i-NK cell ingenza enye yemisebenzi emibili.
- Amaseli e-NK angase abe yi- cytotoxic (ukubulawa kweseli): Kule nqubo, i-NK cell igxilisa esitokisini futhi ikhulula amakhemikhali anobuthi emangqamuzaneni angavamile. Lezi zinhlayiya zidala izimbobo embranini yeseli, zivumela ukuba zivule futhi ziqhume futhi zibulale iseli ekuthinteni. Esikhundleni sokuqhuma, iseli kungase kuqondiswe kuhlelo lokulawulwa okulawulwa ngokuthi i-apoptosis.
- Amaseli abulalayo angase asetshenziswe njengendlela yokukhubazeka: Kule nqubo, i-NK cells ilawula umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba ngokuzivikela izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i- cytokines . Ungabona ngeso lengqondo ama-cytokines njengama "hormone amasistimu omzimba omzimba" okukhuthaza ezinye izingxenye zesistimu yomzimba. Yilezi ezinye izingxenye zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela omzimba esiye savuselela, senza ukufa komdlavuza wesifo noma isandulela-ngculaza.
Ucwaningo lweCans
Njengoba amangqamuzana ebulalayo emvelo ekwazi ukubulala amangqamuzana e-tumor ngokuqaphela umehluko emkhatsini wamangqamuzana omdlavuza namaseli avamile ososayensi bafunda izindlela zokwandisa inombolo noma ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wale maseli emzimbeni, njengendlela yokwelapha umdlavuza ngokuphumelelayo.
Ungayithuthukisa Yini Imisebenzi Yezinhlamvu Eziphilayo Zomzimba?
Esicwaningweni esisodwa esithuthukisa inzuzo yokuzivocavoca, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukuvivinya umzimba ngokulinganisela kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamangqamuzana okubulala emvelo kubantu abanomdlavuza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-equation, ukubhema ugwayi kubonakala kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwamangqamuzana ebulalayo, nokuyeka ukubhema kuyindlela eyodwa yokuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli omzimba womzimba wakho asebenza ngokusemandleni.
Ngaphansi
Amangqamuzana omzimba wesifo ayingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso sakho somzimba omzimba, ikakhulukazi ngezindima abadlala kuzo ekuqedeni kokubili amangqamuzana anegciwane lesandulela ngculazi namaseli omdlavuza. Ucwaningo luqhubeka nokubuka izindlela zombili ezikhulisa umsebenzi wale maseli futhi zandise izinombolo zazo njengendlela yokulwa namanqamu.
Okuphawula ukuthi kukhona izinto ongenza zona ezingathinta amangqamuzana akho okubulala yemvelo. Ukuzivocavoca kubonakala kukwandisa izinombolo zabo nokubhema kubenza baphumelele.
Njengoba sifunda nge-immunology yomdlavuza asifundi nje izindlela ezintsha zokulwa nezicubu kodwa izindlela esingasisekela ngayo amasosha omzimba wethu ekulwa nalezi zomshukela.
Eyaziwa nangokuthi : i-NK cells, i-Lymphocyte enkulu ye-Granular, NK-LGL
> Imithombo:
> I-Carotta, i-S. Targeting NK Amakhemikhali we-Anticancer Immunotherapy: Izindlela zokwelapha kanye nezindlela zokuqapha. Imingcele e-Immunotherapy . 2016. 21: 7-152.
> Mehta, H. et al. Ukubhema ugwayi nokuzivikela kwangasese. Ucwaningo lokuvuvukala . 2008. 57 (11): 497-503.
> Purdy, A. noK. Campbell. Amangqamuzana omzimba wesifo nomdlavuza: umlayezo we-cell killer Ig-like receptors (KIR). I-Biology ne-Therapy . 2009. 8 (23): 2211-20.
> Srivastava, S. et al. I-natural killer cell immunotherapy yomdlavuza: ithemba elisha. I-Cytotherapy . 2008. 10 (8): 775-83.
> Tallerico, R., Garofalo, C., no-E. Carbone. Isici Esisha Sezinto Eziphilayo Zezingqamuzana Zomzimba Eziphilayo: Ukuqashelwa Kwama-Stem Stem Cell Stem. Imingcele e-Immunology . 2016. 10: 7-179.