Yini Ehlukile Ngomdlavuza We-Lung Kwabesilisa?
Sibutsetelo
Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlukile kanjani kumadoda kunabesifazane? Kungani kubalulekile lokho?
Njengoba nje amadoda nabesifazane behluke ngezindlela ezivela emzimbeni ukwakheka kwezembatho, umdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni uhlukile emdlavuza wamaphaphu kwabesifazane ngezindlela eziningi. Siyazi isikhathi eside ukuthi izinga lokusinda lamadoda anomdlavuza wamaphaphu liphansi kunabesifazane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindaba ezinhle yizinga lokufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni (ngokungafani nabesifazane) uye wawela eminyakeni yamuva.
Izibalo
Umdlavuza we-Lung yiyona imbangela ehamba phambili yokufa komdlavuza emadodeni, kokubili e-United States nasemhlabeni wonke. Ngo-2006, ngonyaka odlule esinezibalo ezitholakalayo, kwakukhona amadoda angu-106 374 atholakala enomdlavuza wamaphaphu e-US, futhi amadoda angu-89 243 afa ngesifo.
Ngokungafani nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kulabo besifazane abonakala sengathi bezinzile ngemva kokukhula iminyaka eminingi, izinga lomdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni liye lahla. Kusukela ngo-1994 kuya ku-2006, inani labantu ababulawa nomdlavuza wamaphaphu liye lahla ngo-2% ngonyaka.
Isilinganiso seminyaka lapho umdlavuza wamaphaphu kutholakala khona emadodeni cishe kundala kunabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-71 ubudala. Ingozi yokuphila komuntu osungula umdlavuza wamaphaphu (abokubhema nabangewona abokubhema bahlanganisiwe) ngu-1 ku-13.
Izimpawu nezibonakaliso
Njengoba nje abantu bevame ukuba nezimpawu eziningi "zokujwayelekile" zesifo senhliziyo , banamathuba amaningi okuba nezimpawu nezimpawu ezihlobene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ezivame kakhulu emadodeni zivame ukukhula eduze nemimoya emaphakathi yamaphaphu.
Ngenxa yalokhu ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo , ukukhwehlela igazi , ukukhukhumeza , nokuphindaphindiwe ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwamanzi (njenge-pneumonia) kungase kuvame kakhulu.
Iqoqo eliyingqayizivele lezimpawu ezibizwa ngokuthi i- paraneoplastic syndrome libuye livame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ezitholakala emadodeni. Lezi zimpawu zingabandakanya ubuthakathaka emlenzeni wezandla, ama-muscle cramps, nokulahlekelwa kokuxhumana phakathi kwabanye.
Izimbangela
Ukuchayeka ngokwemisebenzi kubangelwa amaphesenti amakhulu amaphasitiki emaphaphu emadodeni, kanti kwezinye izifundo kubhekwa ukuthi ubhekene namacala angu-13 kuya kwangu-29%. Imisebenzi evamile ehlobene nengozi yokukhula komdlavuza wamaphaphu ihlanganisa abasebenzi bezensimbi, abadwebi, abahlanza, abapheki, ama-plumbers kanye ne-pipe fitters, ama-welders, abaphathi bezimpahla kanye nabasebenzi bezokwakha.
Nakuba ukubhema kubhekwa imbangela ye-80% yamanqamu emaphaphu emaphaphu kwabesifazane, cishe amaphesenti angama-90 wamanqamu emaphaphu emadodeni ahlobene nokubhema. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amadoda amaningi athola umdlavuza wamaphaphu okwamanje abhema. Eqinisweni, cishe isigamu samadoda okwamanje abahlala nomdlavuza wamaphaphu babengabantu ababhemayo ngesikhathi bexilongwa.
Izinhlobo Ezivamile
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezisemqoka zomdlavuza wamaphaphu , amakhemikhali angenayo amancane amaphaphu wamaphaphu namanqamu amancane amaphaphu amaphaphu.
Amanqamu amancane amancane amaphaphu amaphaphu avuliwe ahlukaniswe abe yizinhlobo ezintathu ukuthi i-akhawunti engama-80% wamanqamu wamaphaphu. Kulawa, amakhemikhali amaphaphu amaphaphu amancane kanye namanqamu amangqamuzana amaphaphu amaphaphu , amakhemikhali akhula eduze nemimoya emaphakathi emaphashini, avame kakhulu emadodeni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amaphaphu adenocarcinomas , amakhemikhali akhula eduze nezifunda zangaphandle zamaphaphu, atholakala kakhulu kubantu besifazane.
Amakhansela amancane amaphaphu amaphaphu atholakalayo kakhulu emadodeni. Lezi zomshukela nazo zivame ukukhula ezindaweni eziphambili zamaphaphu futhi zisakaze kusenesikhathi, ngokuvamile zifike ebuchosheni .
Ukwelapha
Amadoda nabesifazane bavame ukusabela ngendlela efanayo nemithi eminingi yendabuko yemithi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ezinye zezokwelapha ezisanda kuhloswa zingase zisebenze kangcono kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abasebasha abangakaze babheme.
Isibikezelo
Inani lokuphila lomdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni linciphile kunalokhu kwabesifazane kuzo zonke izigaba zesifo. Ngokudabukisayo, isilinganiso seminyaka engu-5 sokusinda singamaphesenti angu-16 kuphela.
Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinga lokusinda yizibalo ezitshela ukuthi umuntu wenza kanjani ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu esikhathini esidlule. Imithi eminingi emisha yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ivunyelwe eminyakeni embalwa edlule, futhi izibalo azicabangi ngalezi zindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha.
Ukubhekana nokusekela
Ngenxa yesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu , bobabili amadoda nabesifazane ngezinye izikhathi babe nomuzwelo obuncane kunabo abantu abanezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Ngaphezulu kwalokhu, amadoda angase angabi nhlobo amathuba okufuna ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo. Amaqembu amaningi asekela emdlalweni wamaphaphu wamaphaphu kanye nemiphakathi yokusekela inthanethi iyatholakala ukusiza amadoda axhumane futhi axhasane ohambweni lwabo ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuyeka ukubhema yiyona into ebaluleke kakhulu umuntu angayenza ukuze anciphise ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lokho kusho, ngoba iningi labantu abahlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu ababhemi - bangabokuqala ukubhema noma ababhemanga - kubalulekile ukubuka ezinye izingozi ezingase zinciphise futhi.
- Uma ubhema, shiya
- Hlola ikhaya lakho ngeRadon
- Qaphela izimbangela zomsebenzi futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuqapha
- Gwema ukubhema umsizi wesibhamu
- Ukuzivocavoca
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo
Imithombo:
Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-Cancer Lung. Izibalo ze-Cancer Lung. Kubuyekezwe 03/23/16. http://www.cdc.gov/CANCER/lung/statistics/index.htm
Richiardi, L. et al. Izingozi zemisebenzi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu emadodeni nakwabesifazane: isifundo sokulawulwa kwamacala asezindaweni ezise-Italy. I-Caus Causes and Control . 2004. 15 (3): 285-94.