Indlebe, i-Neose & Throat Disorders
I-ENT isifinyezo sezokwelapha sezindlebe, impumu nomphimbo. Udokotela ogxile ekwelapheni lezi zinkinga ubizwa ngokuthi "ENT," noma ngokuvamile otolaryngologist. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinkinga ze- ENT :
I-ENT i-Anatomy ne-Function Overview
Izindlebe, impumu nomphimbo kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zomzimba wakho ezisetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Izindlebe yizitho zengqondo ezingezona kuphela ezihlobene nokuzwa , kodwa futhi zisebenza ukukunikeza umuzwa wokulinganisela .
Iphunga liyisigungu esingaqondanga nje kuphela esinikeza umqondo wakho wephunga, kodwa futhi lihlinzekela kancane kancane umuzwa wakho wokunambitha . Ikhala libuye lisebenze umsebenzi obalulekile ekukhuliseni umoya kanye nezinqubo zokuzivikela zokuvimbela amagciwane ukungena emzimbeni. Umphimbo uhlinzeka umzila womabili ukufinyelela emaphashini, kanye nomzila wokudla namanzi ukufaka umzila wakho wokugaya.
Ukukhubazeka ezindlebeni, impumu noma umphimbo kungathinta kakhulu izinga lakho lokuphila futhi kwezinye izimo kungase kube isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma unenkinga engapheli, izinkinga zempumu, noma zomphimbo, kuhle ukuba ungaboni nje kuphela udokotela oyinhloko, kodwa futhi uhlanganise ne- otolaryngologist ekuphathweni kwesifo sakho.
I-tonsillitis
Lapho ama-tonsils evuvukala isikhathi eside, kungenzeka ukuthi asuswe ngokuhlinzwa; le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "i-tonsillectomy." Yize i-tonsillitis isetshenziselwa ukuphathwa nge-tonsillectomy njalo, akusona umkhuba futhi manje yenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezithile.
Uma ukuvuvukala kunzima ngokwanele, kungaphazamisa ukugwinya nokuphefumula. Ukukhishwa kwetoni kuboniswa uma kwenzeka ukuvinjelwa ngokweqile kwe-airways noma ukugwinya. Ngokuvamile ama-tonsils akhulisiwe, avuvuke futhi abuhlungu ngesikhathi se- tonsillitis . Izibonakaliso ezingekho ngaphansi kwe-tonsillectomy zihlanganisa: i- strep throat ephindaphindiwe , i-tonsillitis engapheli engaqiniseki ngama-antibiotic, ukuvimbela okuholela ekuphefumuleni okubi noma ekuguqukeni kwezwi.
Kunezimbangela eziningi ze-tonsillitis.
Izifo zendlebe
Izifo zendlebe zenzeka uma amagciwane angena endlebeni futhi abanjwe lapho. Izimpawu zezifo zendlebe zifaka:
- ubuhlungu
- ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
- izinkinga zokulinganisela
- izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula zakamuva
- ukugeleza kusuka endlebeni (ukuguqulwa kwegundane le- tympanic )
Izingane ezincane cishe ziba nezifo zendlebe. Izimpawu zokutheleleka indlebe kumntanakho zingabandakanya:
- ukucasuka okwenyuka ngesikhathi sokulala
- izinkinga zokulinganisela
- umkhuhlane
Abanye abantwana bangadonsa noma badonsa ezindlebeni zabo. Uma ukutheleleka kungaphenduliwe isikhathi eside, kungabangela ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukiseni kwabo, njengokulibaziseka kokuzwa nokukhuluma. Uma ingane yakho inezifo zendlebe ezingapheli , udokotela wakho angakhetha ukuhlinzekela ukubeka ama-tubes amancane ngaphakathi kwendlebe yengane yakho; lezi zibizwa ngokuthi "i-myringotomy tubes ."
Izifo zeSinus
Izisindo zikhona emagcekeni e-skull ezizungezile amehlo nekhala futhi zinezinhloso zokusindiswa kwezwi. I-sinusitis iyenzeka uma lezi zinsika zitheleleka yi-bacteria noma igciwane. Izimpawu zesifo sihlanganisa:
- ubunzima bokuphefumula
- ikhanda
- ikhala eligijima
- sneezing nokukhwehlela
- umoya omubi
- ubuhlungu obuseduze amehlo noma ngaphesheya kwebhuloho lempumu
- amazinyo
I-apnea yokulala
I-apnea yokulala ukuphela kokuphefumula ngenkathi ulele.
Kungenzeka kokubili abadala nabantwana. Izimbangela ezivamile zokuphefumula ukuphefumula zihlanganisa:
- ukuba ngokweqile
- Amathani amancane noma ezinye izakhiwo emakhaleni nasemphinjeni
- unomoya omfushane ngokwemvelo kunokujwayelekile
Izimpawu zokuphefumula kwe-apnea zihlanganisa:
- snoring
- wabona iziqephu zokugwedla nokuvuza ngesikhathi sokulala
- evuke ezwa inganqamuki
- ikhanda
- ukukhathala
- ukucindezeleka
- evukela umphimbo omile kakhulu noma obuhlungu
- evuka izikhathi eziningana ebusuku
Uma ishiywa ingalashwa, i-apnea yokulala ingabangela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo , ukucindezeleka, ukushintsha kwemizwelo nezinye izifo. Izincomo zokwelashwa zivame ukubandakanya izinguquko zokuphila kanye nezinguquko zokudla, ukucindezela okuqhubekayo kwe-airway (CPAP) noma esimweni sokungahambi kahle kwe-airway, ukuhlinzwa kwe-ENT.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi nakuba abanye odokotela be-ENT bekhululekile ukuphatha noma yisiphi isifo esihilela indlebe, impumu nomphimbo, ezinye zikhethekile kakhulu. Yilungele ukuxoxa ngezibonakaliso zakho uma uvakashela ochwepheshe bakho. Ezinye izinkinga ze-ENT zihlanganisa ukulahleka kokuzwa , i- vertigo , i- aclux reflux , i-cancer yezindlebe, impumulo nomphimbo nezinye eziningi.
Imithombo:
Ikhomishana YaseMelika Yezokwelapha, I-Asthma ne-Immunology. Imfundo Yomphakathi: Sinusitis. Kufinyelelwe: Novemba 24, 2008 kusuka ku-http: //www.acaai.org/public/advice/sinus.htm
I-National Heart, i-Lung ne-Blood Institute. Izifo Nezimo Index: U-Apnea Wokulala. Kufinyelelwe: Novemba 24, 2008 kusuka ku-http: //www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/SleepApnea/SleepApnea_Diagnosis.html
Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuzizwa Sokuzizwa Nezinye Izinkinga Zokuxhumana. Izifo Zendlebe: Amaqiniso Abazali Mayelana Ne-Otitis Media. Kufinyelelwe: Novemba 24, 2008 kusuka ku-http: //www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/otitismedia.asp