I-asthma yisifo esingathí sina futhi esingasongela impilo esithinta izingane eziningi. Ngenhlanhla, kunemithi eminingi engasiza ukulawula nokuvimbela ukuhlasela kwe-asthma.
Izimpawu ze-asthma ezinganeni eziningi zifaka ukukhwehlela, ukugubha, nokuphefumula. Kungase kuhanjiswe noma kubangelwe ukushisa, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuvivinya umzimba, noma ukuchayeka kwentuthu kagwayi, impova, isikhunta, izilwane nokungcola.
Uma ungafunda izinto ezibangela izinkinga ze-asthma yengane yakho, zingasiza ukuzigwema, nakuba kutholakala kunzima ukuthola izinkinga ze- asthma .
I-asthma ivame ukuyihlolisisa kwengane egijima futhi enenkinga yokuphefumula, kodwa kuba nzima uma umntwana ephethe ukukhwehlela noma i-asthma ekhwehlela. Kufanele usole ukuthi ingane yakho ingase ibe nesifo somzimba uma unomkhuhlane ongapheli obi kakhulu ebusuku noma uma udlala futhi udlala, ngisho ngaphandle kokuhamba.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko lapho ingane yakho ikhwehlela, isondo, noma unenkathazo ye-asthma ukusebenzisa i-bronchodilator, njenge-Albuterol, i-Proventil, i-Ventolin, noma i- Xopenex. Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi 'ukuphumula okusheshayo' noma 'ukuphumula' imithi. Le mithi iyatholakala ukuze isetshenziswe nge-nebulazer, inhaler yesilinganiso semitha, noma isiraphu (engavamile ukusetshenziswa). Izingane ezincane zingase zikwazi ukusebenzisa lezi zi- inhalers ze-asthma nge-spacer noma i-spacer kanye ne-mask.
Lezi zindlela zokuphumula eziphuthumayo zivame ukusetshenziswa ngendlela edingekayo. Uma usebenzisa njalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isonto ngalinye noma nsuku zonke, i-asthma yengane yakho kungenzeka ilawulwa kabi futhi ingayithola emithini yokuvimbela. (Ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwe-asthma, izingane eziningi nazo kufanele zithathe i-steroid yomlomo, njenge-prednisone noma i-prednisolone.)
Ukuvimbela
Umgomo wokwelapha i-asthma wukuthi ingane yakho ingabi nezimpawu futhi ikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi evamile. I-asthma akufanele ivimbele imisebenzi yengane yakho, ngaphandle kokuthi ihlaselwe isifo se-asthma ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngaphezu kokugwema izimbangela, i-asthma ingavinjelwa ngokuthatha imithi yokuvimbela nsuku zonke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-steroid angenayo, njenge-Flovent, i-Pulmicort, i-Qvar, i-Alvesco, i-Aerospan, ne-Asmanex, esetshenziselwa nsuku zonke, ngisho nalapho ingane yakho ingenayo izimpawu ze-asthma. Lezi zikhona njengama-inhalers we-doered metered nama-inhalers omusha omisiwe. I-Pulmicort iyatholakala ngefomu (Pulmicort Respules) enganikezwa nge-nebulizer, ekulungele izingane ezincane.
Ezinye imithi yokuvimbela ihlanganisa i-steroid ne-broncholitator ende esebenza isikhathi eside. Zisetshenziswa ezinganeni ezinomqondo olinganiselwe ukuze uphethwe yi-asthma enamandla engalawulwa nge-steroid engatholakali futhi ingafaka i-Advair HFA, i-Advair Diskus, i-Dulera, ne-Symbicort. Olunye uhlobo oluyinhloko lwemithi yokuvimbela i-leukotriene modifiers, njenge-Singulair (i-Monteleukast), etholakalayo njengama-granules futhi njengethebhulethi enokwethenjelwa yezingane ezincane.
Uma ingane yakho isivele isela imithi yokuvimbela futhi iqhubeka idinga imithi 'yokuphumula' njalo, khona-ke ingane yakho idinga ukuthatha imithi ethile yokuvimbela noma isilinganiso esiphezulu sezinto ezikhona manje.
Isibonelo, uma sebevele bethatha i-Advair 100/50, kungenzeka ukuthi badinga ukwandiswa ukuya emkhakheni ophakeme, njenge-250/50 ifomu le-Advair kanye / noma i-Singulair engase yengezwe ohlelweni lokulashwa.
Ukuqapha
Indlela elula yokuqapha ukuthi i-asthma yengane yakho iphathwa kahle kangakanani ukubona ukuthi banezinkomba. Uma ingane yakho ingakhukhumezi noma inenkinga yokuphefumula futhi ingavamile ukusebenzisa imithi yokuphumula, kungenzeka ukuthi ilawulwa kahle kakhulu. Uma bekhwehlela njalo-ikakhulukazi ebusuku noma ngesikhathi sezenzo-noma uma basebenzisa imithi yokuvuselela nsuku zonke noma ngeviki, khona-ke i-asthma yabo cishe ingaphansi kokulawulwa kabi.
Ukuphakama kwe-Peak kungakusiza ukuqapha i-asthma yengane yakho uma beneminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha ubudala. I-meter flow meter iyisisetshenziswa esincane ingane yakho engena kuyo futhi, ngokusekelwe kwinombolo abayishaya ngayo, ingasiza abazali ukuba bahlole uma ingane isenkingeni ye-asthma noma ilawula kahle.
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamapulmonary kuyinye ithuluzi elingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi i-asthma yengane yakho ilawulwa kangakanani. Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile kungenziwa ehhovisi le-allergenist noma i-pulmonologist. Iningi labahlengikazi abenza lokhu kuhlolwa ehhovisi labo.
Uhlelo lwezokwelapha noma isenzo kuyisithenjwa esifanele ukuthi udokotela wakho kufanele akunikeze ukukusiza ukwazi ukuthi imiphi imithi okufanele uyisebenzise ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Uhlelo lwe-asthma yokwelashwa luvame ukuchaza imithi yengane yakho yansuku zonke nokuthi yiziphi okufanele zithathe uma ukuphakama kwazo kuqubuka noma zihlakulela izimpawu ze-asthma.
Imfundo
Uma i-asthma yengane yakho ingalawulwa kahle noma uma usaqondi ukuthi ungayiphatha kahle kanjani, ukudluliselwa ku-pulmonologist yezingane kungasiza. Ungase ubuke futhi ekuthatheni isigaba semfundo ye-asthma uma sitholakala endaweni yakho.
Kukhona nezincwadi eziningi eziwusizo, kuhlanganise ne-American Academy of Pediatrics Guide to Child's Neergy and Asthma, namawebusayithi angakusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nesifo se-asthma. Phakathi kwezinto eziyisisekelo mayelana nesifuba okufanele uwazi kufanele zibandakanye:
- Yimiphi imithi okufanele uyibeke ingane yakho nokuthi nini ukuyisebenzisa. Ukuba nesiphakamiso sokwelashwa kwe-asthma kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi yini okudingeka ukwenze.
- Indlela yokuphatha ukuhlasela kwe-asthma.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa i-nebulizer (uma unayo) kanye / noma i-inhaler ye-metered dose (MDI) noma ngaphandle kwe-spacer.
- Indlela yokusebenzisa imitha yokugeleza yezinga eliphakeme nokuthi ungayihumusha kanjani imiphumela.
- Indlela yokuvimbela ingane yakho ukuba ihlaselwe isifo se-asthma, kufaka phakathi ukuqonda ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemithi yokuvimbela nokugwema izimbangela.
I-Asthma engalawuleki
Wenzani uma i-asthma yengane yakho ingaphansi kokulawula okuhle? Ukufunda okuningi mayelana nesifuba yisiqalo esihle, kodwa cishe uzodinga ukuvakashelwa kokulandela okulandelayo nodokotela wakho noma ukudluliselwa kwesazi sosizo olwengeziwe.
Isizathu esisodwa sokuthi i-asthma yengane ibe ngaphansi kokulawulwa okubi kungenxa yokuthi ayithathi imithi yabo noma ayithathi kahle. Ukuletha yonke imithi yabo ekuvakasheni kwakho okulandelayo nodokotela nokubonisa ukuthi ingane yakho isebenzisa kanjani kungasiza ingane yakho ukuba ihlolisise konke.
Ungase ucabange nokuthi ingane yakho ine-allergies, ikakhulukazi uma nayo ikhona nephunga eliphambene noma eligijima lapho izinkinga ze-asthma zenzeka. Izingane eziningi ezinesifo sofuba nazo zine-asthma, futhi izifo ezingalawuleki noma ezingaphenduliwe zingenza kube nzima ukuphatha kahle i-asthma yengane.
Ukuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba kungase kube usizo uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthi yini edala i-asthma yengane yakho. I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ingase ibe nzima futhi idale i-asthma kwezinye izingane, ngisho nalabo abangacacisi.
Umthombo:
I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute. Imihlahlandlela Yokuthola Ukuphathwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Asthma. Julayi 2007.