I-lymph node ibizwa nangokuthi i-lymph gland
I- lymph node , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lymph gland, ingenye yezinhlamvu ezincane ezingu-300, izakhi ezinobhontshisi ezinamathele kakhulu entanyeni, emgodini nase-groin. Zigcwele uhlobo lwegazi elimhlophe (i-lymphocyte) futhi zenze njengezihlungi zokubopha amabhaktheriya, amagciwane nezinye izinto zangaphandle ezifana namangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ama-lymph nodes ayingxenye yesimiso se-lymphatic, ehlanganisa amathoni, i-thymus, i-spleen, kanye nomnkantsha wamathambo.
Ama-lymph nodes (abizwa ngokuthi i-lymphadenopathy) abonisa izinga eliphezulu lomsebenzi, njengoba kunjalo lapho umzimba ulwa namanqamu anjenge- melanoma . Ama-lymph nodes angavuvukala angase abe nomphumela wokutheleleka, ukulunywa kwezinambuzane noma ukusabela kwezidakamizwa.
Iyini i-Melanoma?
U-Melanoma, uhlobo olubi kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba , lukhula emangqamuzaneni (melanocytes) akhiqiza i-melanin - i-pigment enika isikhumba sakho umbala. I-melanoma nayo ingaba emehlweni akho futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, ezifana namathumbu akho.
Isizathu esiqondile sawo wonke ama-melanomas asicacile, kodwa ukuvezwa kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) kusuka ekukhanyeni kwelanga noma izibani zomlilo kanye nemibhede kwandisa ingozi yakho yokudala i-melanoma. Ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho emisebeni ye-UV kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi ye-melanoma.
Ingozi ye-melanoma ibonakala iyanda kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-40, ikakhulukazi besifazane. Ukwazi izimpawu zokuxwayisa zomdlavuza wesikhumba kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko zomdlavuza zitholakale futhi ziphathwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usakaze.
I-Melanoma ingelashwa ngempumelelo uma itholakele kusenesikhathi.
Izingozi ZeMelanoma
Izingosi ezingase zande ingozi yakho ye-melanoma ihlanganisa:
- Isikhumba esifanele. Ukuba nengulube encane esikhumbeni sakho kusho ukuthi awuvikelekile kancane emisebeni ye-UV eyonakalisa. Uma unezinwele ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu, amehlo anemibala ekhanyayo, futhi elula noma ukushisa ilanga kalula, cishe ungathuthukisa i-melanoma kunomuntu obala obumnyama. Kodwa i-melanoma ingakhula kubantu abanenkinga emnyama, kuhlanganise ne-Hispanics nabamnyama.
- Umlando wokushisa kwelanga. Enye noma ngaphezulu, ukushisa kwelanga okukhencezayo kungandisa ingozi ye-melanoma.
- Ukuvezwa okukhanya kakhulu kwe-ultraviolet (UV). Ukuvezwa kweminye imisebe ye-UV, evela elangeni nasekukhanyeni kwezibani kanye nemibhede, kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba, kuhlanganise ne-melanoma.
- Ukuhlala eduze ne-equator noma endaweni ephakeme. Abantu abahlala eduze ne-equator yomhlaba, lapho imisebe yelanga iqondisa khona, ikwazi ukuthola imisebe ephezulu ye-UV kunelabo abahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uhlala endaweni ephakeme, uthola eminye imisebe ye-UV.
- Ukuba nama-moles amaningi noma ama-moles angavamile. Ukuba nama-moles ajwayelekile angaphezu kwangu-50 emzimbeni wakho kubonisa ukuthi ingozi enkulu ye-melanoma. Futhi, uhlobo olungavamile lwe-molecule landisa ingozi ye-melanoma. Eyaziwa ngemithi njenge-nevi e-dysplastic, lezi zivame ukuba zikhulu kunama-moles ajwayelekile futhi zibe nemingcele engavamile kanye nomxube wembala.
- Umlando womndeni we-melanoma. Uma isihlobo esiseduze - njengomzali, ingane noma sibantwaneni - sine-melanoma, unethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa i-melanoma, futhi.
- Isivikelo somzimba sokuzivikela. Abantu abanamasosha omzimba obuthakathaka, afana nalabo abaye bawela izidakamizwa zenyama, banengozi yokwanda komdlavuza wesikhumba.
Umthombo:
I-Mayo Clinic. I-Melanoma. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/melanoma/basics/definition/con-20026009