Indlela Ama-Brains Abantu Asebenzisana ngayo
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi abantu bayilwane lezenhlalo. Impumelelo ye-Twitter, i-Facebook, nezinye izinhlobo zezokuxhumana zamuva zigcizelele isidingo sethu somuntu sokuxhumana.
Naphezu kokuxhumana komphakathi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlangenwe nakho komuntu, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Eqinisweni, kuthatha cishe zonke izingxenye zobuchopho bomuntu, ngokusobala into eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu eyake yadalwa, ukusebenza nokudlala kahle nabanye.
Ukuqaphela Izimpawu Zomphakathi
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekusebenzisaneni kwezenhlalakahle sibona izingqinamba ezibalulekile zenhlalo. Silalela lokho abantu abakushoyo nokuthi kuthiwa kanjani, qaphela imininingwane encane yobuso bombuso, silalelisise indlela esithinteka ngayo, futhi ubomvu izinyosi zethu zididekile uma othile ezwa kabi. Ngayinye yale misebenzi incike esifundeni esiyingqayizivele sobuchopho.
Isibonelo, i- fusiform gyrus , eseduze nesisekelo sobuchopho, ihileleke ngokukhethekile ekuboneni ubuso, kanti nesokudla esiphezulu se-temporal sulcus ohlangothini lobuchopho sisisiza siqaphele ukuthi ubani omunye obukayo. Ingxenye ye-cortex ye-occipital inikezelwa ekubheka ezinye izidumbu zomuntu. Indlela edala yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ixhuma i-colliculus ephakeme, esiza ukulawula imininingwane eyisisekelo yokubukwa, kanye ne-amygdala, elawula imizwelo enamandla yabantu.
Ubuchopho bethu bubuye bubekwe ngamazwi abantu. Inethiwekhi yonke ye-neural inikezelwa olimini, olukhona ngakwesobunxele bobuchopho ezingaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-90 abantu.
Inethiwekhi efanayo ikhona ngakwesokunene sobuchopho obumemezela i-prosody, amathoni engeziwe nezindlela abantu abangeza ngazo izincazelo zamagama abo akhulunywe.
Umqondo wokuthinta udlulisela imininingwane ku-insula, engabangela impendulo yomzwelo. Umqondo wephunga kakhulu uhlotshaniswa nesistimu ye-limbic, elawula ukuzwela ngokomzwelo nemigomo.
Cishe yonke imiqondo esinayo i-wirings ehlukile kumzwelo, ikakhulukazi uma abanye abantu behilelekile.
Ukuhlunga Ulwazi
Isinyathelo esiyisisekelo esilandelayo ekusebenzisaneni kwezenhlalakahle sinquma ukuthi isignali senhlalakahle ibaluleke kangakanani. Izakhiwo eziqondile zobuchopho zenza ukuphendula ngokomzwelo kokuqala kwesimo senhlalo. Ingabe ithoni lomuntu kufanele isithinte ngempela njengoba yenza? Ukubukeka komuntu kubaluleke kangakanani, futhi sithinta kakhulu?
Ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kobuchopho, i-amygdala ibonakala ihilelekile ngokukhethekile ekukhetheni ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zomphakathi ezingenayo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Umuntu angacabanga nge-amygdala njengokuhlanganisa isignali engenayo ngenani lomzwelo. Abantu abanomonakalo ku-amygdala yabo banenkinga enzima ngokubona ubuso obwesabekayo, futhi ababukeli amehlo abanye ukuze babone imizwelo.
I-insula nayo ibalulekile ekunikezeni ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo kwezinto ezihlukahlukene, njengokuthatha isinqumo lapho kukhona into enengekayo. Lokhu kungabaluleke kakhulu emphakathini, njengoba i-insula yilokho okubonisa ukungalungile, okusho ukuthi ukukhethwa kwempumu okungapheli emphakathini. Izilonda kule ndawo yobuchopho ziyoholela ekungabakhathazeki ngezimo ezingafanelekile. Ku- dementia ye-frontotemporal yesifo , isibonelo, ukuguqulwa kwe-insular kungase kube ngaphansi kokuziphatha okunjengokungakhathaleli ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu.
Isifunda esaziwa ngokuthi i-cortex yangaphakathi ye-cingulate idala ukusabela ekuphenduleni izimo ezahlukene. I-cortex yangaphakathi ye-cingulate ixhunywe kwezinye izingxenye eziningi zobuchopho, futhi yindawo lapho inzwa iguqulwa yaba isenzo. Isibonelo, uma i-insula ikwahlulela ukuthi into ethile iyinto enengekayo, i-cortex yangaphakathi ye-cingulate idlulisela ukwaziswa ezingxenyeni zobuchopho ezisebenza ndawonye ukusho "i-yuck." Abantu abanesifo kule ndawo bangase bangabi nandaba, ngisho nasezingeni i-akinetic mutism , lapho umuntu engekho isisusa sokuthutha noma ukukhuluma nhlobo.
I-cortex ye-orbitofrontal ezansi nangaphambi kobuchopho kubonisa ukuthi uma izibonakaliso ezingenayo zenhlalo zivuza.
Ucwaningo lubonise, isibonelo, ukuthi lezi zifunda zisebenza kakhulu othandweni lomlingani . Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-nucleus accumbens.
Indima Yezokuhlangenwe nakho
Iningi lezinhlaka esizikhulume ngakho kuze kube manje "ziphoqelekile," okusho ukuthi ziyizindlela zasendulo ezincane kakhulu nezakhiwo ezingenakushintshwa kalula. Noma kunjalo, i-neocortex ("neo" isho ukuthi "entsha") iyashintshashintsha kakhulu. Le nxenye entsha yobuchopho yilapho okuhlangenwe nakho kwethu okusivumela ukuthi sishintshe indlela esihlangana ngayo nabanye abantu.
Amaphethini wokuziphatha okulungile kwezenhlalakahle aphethwe kwi-prefrontal cortex yangaphakathi. Lesi sifunda asikuvuthwa ngokugcwele kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amabili, esivumela ukuthi sikwazi ukudala ubuntu bethu obuhlukile futhi sikhethe ukuthi sisabela kanjani ekusebenzisaneni kwezenhlalo ezahlukene. I-corterx ye-ventralateral prefrontal ingabandakanyeka ngokubona imiphumela yokuphula imithetho. Le ndawo ingase ingasebenzi kakhulu kubantu abahlala emphakathini.
I-Anatomy of Etiquette
Ngisho noma konke ukucubungula kolwazi lomphakathi kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, ngeke kube nendaba uma siphendula ngendlela ehlazo noma engafanele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke esikuvimbela ngokucophelela ukuziphatha kwethu futhi sikhethe indlela engcono yokuziphatha. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga ngendlela efanele, ingxabano ingavela. Imishado ingahlukanisa, amadili webhizinisi angawa, futhi ubungane bungahluleka.
Abantu banokusebenzisana okuyingqayizivele komphakathi okulawulwa kakhulu yi-prefrontal cortex. Lokhu kungakwazi ukulawula nokunyusa izimpendulo ezisheshayo, ngakho-ke ngisho noma ngabe sizizwa sithukuthele noma sithukwa, singakwazi ukuphendula ngomusa.
I-correx ye-prefrontal yangaphakathi isitshela ukuthi imiphi imizwa esiyizwayo. Abantu abanezilonda kule ndawo abazi ukuthi bazizwa kanjani. Ngenxa yalokho, banenkinga enzima yokulawula noma yokulawula imizwelo yabo.
I-latal prefrontal cortex ibonakala ihileleke kakhulu ekuphatheni amandla okulawula umzwelo oboniswa yi-prefrontal cortex yangaphakathi. Lokhu kusisiza futhi ukuba sizivumelanise nezimo ezintsha. Isibonelo, lokhu yindawo esivumela ukuba sinqobe umcabango wokucwasa, ngisho noma sikhuliswa emndenini ongakhethi.
I-Social Social Network
Ngandlela-thile, ubuchopho bubukisa umphakathi wethu. Bobabili thina ne-neurons zethu zikhona ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. I-neuron eyodwa ingabelana ngokuqondile ngolwazi ngamakhulu abanye, futhi ikhulume ngokungaqondile nezigidigidi emzimbeni. Ngokuxhumanisa izandla nezindebe zethu, le ngxoxo kagesi ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu iba yi-electronic blips yesignali yocingo noma isignal analog efudumele yokuhlangana ubuso nobuso. Ukukhulumisana phakathi kwamangqamuzana e-nerve kuba ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu.
Imithombo:
Mesulam, M. Kusukela ekuzwa ukuqonda. Ubuchopho (1998), 121, 1013-1052
Sollberger, M., Rankin, KP, & Miller, BL (2010). Ukuqanjwa komphakathi. Ukuqhubeka kwe-Learning Lifelong Neurol, 16 (4), 69-85.