Ukuhlolwa Okungavamile Kwenziwe Gonorrhea, I-Chlamydia, namanye ama-STD
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Urine ye- STD kuyaqhubeka kutholakala. Yinto enhle. Kwakujwayele ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwesifo se-STD, ikakhulukazi ama-STD abhaktheriya, kwakungakhululekile. Amadoda abecabanga ukuthi angase abe nesifo se-STD njenge- chlamydia noma i- gonorrhea bavivinywa ngokuba ne-swab efakwe kwi-urethra yabo. Abesifazane kwakudingeka bahlole ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic. Phakathi nalokho kuhlola, i-swab yomlomo wesibeletho ingathathwa futhi ihlolwe amabhaktheriya.
Manje, ama-STD amaningana angatholakala uma usebenzisa ukuhlolwa komchamo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-urine chlamydia nokuhlolwa kwe- gonorrhea kuyamnandi kakhulu kune-sware ye-urethral noma i-cervical. Kwezinye izindawo ukuhlolwa kwe- STD komchamo kungaba nzima ukuthola. Nokho, kulula ukuthola futhi kulula njalo ngonyaka. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi nge-gonorrhea kanye ne-chlamydia, lapho ukuhlolwa komchamo kusheshayo kube umkhuba ojwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Urine ngama-STDs
Isimiso segolide sokuthola ama-STD abhaktheriya, njenge-chlamydia ne-gonorrhea, asetshenziselwa ukuba yi- bacterium culture . Lokhu kwahilela ukuzama ukukhulisa amabhaktheriya ngaphandle kwamasampuli athathwa ngokuqondile emlonyeni wesibeletho noma urethra.
Lezi zinsuku, ukuhlolwa kwe-bacterium DNA kubhekwa njengendlela engcono. Isebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezitshalo zamabhaktheriya. Esikhundleni sokuzama ukukhulisa amabhaktheriya, lezi zivivinyo zivele zibheke i-DNA yebhaktheriya. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-LCR (ligase chain response) noma namanye ama- DNA amplification .
Lezi zinhlobo zokuhlola zizwela ngisho namanani amancane kakhulu e-DNA yebhaktheriya. Ngcono nakakhulu, azidingi isampula esiphila kubhaktheriya. Njengalokhu, angakwazi ukugijima kumasampula omchamo, hhayi nje ama-sware we-urethral noma ama-swabs wesibeletho. Kubantu abaningi, umcabango wokuthola i-gonorrhea test urine noma uhlolo lwe-chlamydia umchamo ungasabisa kakhulu kunomqondo wokudinga ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
Ingabe i-Urine STD Izingoko Zihle Njengezinye izivivinyo ze-STD?
Abanye abantu basabheka ukuthi ukuhlolwa komchamo kuyasebenza yini ekutholeni ama-STD abhekile njenge- chlamydia ne-gonorrhea. Le mibuzo ngokuvamile igxile ekuphumeleleni kwezivivinyo kwabesifazane. Kungani? Indawo evamile kakhulu yokutheleleka kwabesifazane (i-cervix) akuyona indlela umchamo ophuma ngayo emzimbeni. Ngokuphambene, umchamo udlula endaweni evamile kakhulu yokutheleleka (i-penile urethra), emadodeni.
Ucwaningo lwango-2015 oluhlolisisa izifundo ezingu-21 zokusebenza okunembile kokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamasampuli ukuthola i-chlamydia ne-gonorrhea zathola ukuthi:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia kwabesifazane, ukuzwela nokucacile kwakungamaphesenti angu-87 kanti amaphesenti angu-99 ngamasampula omchamo uma kuqhathaniswa namasampula omlomo wesibeletho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-chlamydia emadodeni, ukuzwela nokucacile kwakungamaphesenti angu-88 no-99% wamaphesenti omchamo uma kuqhathaniswa namasampuli e-urethral.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-gonorrhea kwabesifazane, ukuzwela nokucaciswa kwakungamaphesenti angu-79 kanti amaphesenti angama-99 amampampu emchamo uma kuqhathaniswa namasampula wesibeletho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-gonorrhea emadodeni, ukuzwela nokucacisa kwakungamaphesenti angu-92 futhi amaphesenti angama-99 amampula omchamo uma kuqhathaniswa namasampuli e-urethral.
Ngokubanzi, le miphumela isuke ingahambelani kuzo zonke izifundo.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, ama- swabs angasese aqoqiwe asondelene ekusebenzeni kahle kwi-swabs yesibeletho kunokuhlolwa komchamo. Kwabesifazane abathile, lokho kungase kube okunye okuvunyelwe lapho ukuhlolwa komchamo kungatholakali.
Yebo yebo, izivivinyo kumasampula omcibisholo zibona ama-STD ambalwa kunokuhlolwa kwama-swabs wesifazane. Kodwa-ke, isayensi ibonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa komchamo kuwumsebenzi omuhle wokuthola abantu abaningi abanegciwane. Lezi zindaba ezinhle kubantu abafuna ukuhlolwa kwe-gonorrhea ne-chlamydia ngendlela engavamile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izivivinyo ze-STD ziyakudinga ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba noma ukudweba kwegazi .
Imingcele yezilinganiso ze-Urine ze-Gonorrhea ne-Chlamydia
I-Chlamydia ne-gonorrhea yizifo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ukuzwa e-United States.
Ngo-2016, izigameko ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.5 ze-chlamydia zabikwa ku-CDC ngaphezu kwamacala angaphezu kuka-400 000 we-gonorrhea. Ukutheleleka okuningi nge-gonorrhea kanye ne-chlamydia kuyinto engavamile. Ukuthi abantu abaningi abanalo izimpawu kusho ukuthi indlela kuphela yokuthola nokuphatha lezi zifo kuwukuhlola.
Emadodeni, lezi zifo zivame ukuthelela i-urethra, nakwabesifazane umlomo wesibeletho. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole lezi zifo zombili emphinjeni, kusukela ocansini ngomlomo. Ubulili bobulili obuyingozi buzoholela ekuhlaleni kwe-chlamydia ne-rectal gonorrhea.
Ngeshwa, akukho ukutheleleka komugqa noma umlomo / umlomo wesibeletho kuyotholakala ngokuhlolwa komchamo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuvumela udokotela wakho ukuba azi ukuthi unesidakamizwa somlomo noma isilwane esingavumelekile. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokwehlukana kulawo masayithi. Njengamanje, kunconywa ukuthi amadoda alala nobulili namadoda abe ngaphansi komchamo, umphimbo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwesilwane kanye ngonyaka. Abanye abantu abahlala benesidakamizwa esingavikelekile ngomlomo noma ebomvu kufanele bahlole isimiso esifanayo sokuhlola. Abantu ababandakanyeka kuphela ngokobulili bangathola ngokuhlolwa komchamo kuphela nge-gonorrhea ne-chlamydia.
Ezinye izivivinywa ze-UrD Urine
Okwamanje, i-gonorrhea ne-chlamydia kuphela ihlolwe ukusebenzisa amasampula omchamo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izifo ze-STD ezingahlolwa ngale ndlela. Izivivinyo ze- Trichomoniasis zomchamo nazo ziyatholakala kakhulu. Njenga-gonorrhea kanye ne-chlamydia, i-trichomoniasis yinto ejwayelekile kakhulu, ephephile. Njengoba kunjalo, kwenza umqondo omkhulu odokotela ukuwuhlola ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukuhlola i-urine kuyindlela eyodwa yokwenza lokho. Njenga-chlamydia ne-gonorrhea, ucwaningo oluthile lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa komchamo kungase kungabi ngempumelelo njengoba kwenza izivivinyo ezifanayo kwi-swab yesisu.
I-HPV enye i-STD engatholakala uma usebenzisa izivivinyo zomchamo. Njenge-trichomoniasis, ukuhlolwa komchamo we-HPV akukatholakali nakakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luveza ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuqala komchamo okuvuthiwe kuyasebenza njengoba uhlola ama-smears wesisu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa ne- Pap smears , ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV komchamo kunenkinga efanayo nezinye izivivinyo ze-HPV. Izifo eziningi ze-HPV zihamba zodwa. Ngakho-ke, kungase kube usizo kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi kunezinkinga izinguquko zomlomo wesibeletho kunokuba ngabe umuntu une HPV. Ungakwenza lokho kuphela nge-Pap smear noma i- VIA test .
Azikho izivivinyo ze-urine zokuhweba ezitholakalayo ze- syphilis noma i- herpes . Ngesikhathi i-FDA ivuma ukuhlolwa komchamo we-HIV emashumini ama-1990, kungavamile uma ngabe isetshenziswa. Ama-sampula omlomo negazi angase asetshenziswe kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-HIV. Kukhona ngisho nokuhlolwa kwekhaya kwe-HIV esebenzisa amasampuli amathe.
Izwi elivela
Sekuyisikhathi eside ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho kanye nokuhlolwa kwesifo sokubeletha kwakungcono kakhulu kunokuhlolwa kwamagciwane ama-STD. Kodwa-ke, izifundo ezintsha ziphakamisa ukuthi ezinye izivivinyo zomchamo zingase zibe ngcono ekutholeni izifo ezithile. Ngisho noma bengaphakeme, ukuhlolwa kwe-urine evunyelwe i-FDA kungaphezu kokwanele ezimweni eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ziyaqhubeka ziba ngcono ngesikhatsi.
Kubantu abaningi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolelwa ama-STD kunokuba ukhathazeke ngokuthola ukuhlolwa okungcono kwe-STD. Ukuhlolwa kwesampula somchamo kungase kungabi ncamashi njengoba kuhlolwa ngokusebenzisa udokotela oqoqwe i-swab. Noma kunjalo, kungcono kakhulu kunokungahlolisi nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kwe-STD yomchamo noma self-swabs kungesabeki kakhulu kuwe, cela. Ungakwazi ngisho nokubiza ihhovisi lakho udokotela ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izivivinyo zomchamo ziyatholakala. Uma kungenjalo, ungakhetha njalo ukuhlolwa kwenye indawo.
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