Isenkulisa kungenzeka noma ingabi yindlela enhle yezidingo zakho ezithile
Uma unenketho yokugcina ingane ye-autistic ekhaya kuze kube yilapho ikhulile ngokwanele enkulisa, kufanele uyenze? Impendulo izoxhomeka eziningana zezici kubandakanya:
- Izidingo zomntanakho, izinselelo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho
- Iminikelo yakho yomphakathi kanye nokuvuleka kumntanami we-autistic
- Ukutholakala kwesimiso esifanele sokuqala esikoleni noma zasenkulisa
- Amakhono akho nokuzimisela ukusebenza nomntanakho ekwakheni amakhono okuxhumana nabantu
- Ukutholakala kwezingane ezifunda esikoleni noma ezingekho esikoleni ngezindleko ongazikhokhela
Imikhiqizo neNgcono yokubeka ikhaya
Izinzuzo. Ukuhlelwa kwekhaya kungaba kuhle kubantu base-autistic beschool. Ihlinzeka ngesilungiselelo esiphephile nesiphephile esithandwa ngabantwana izidingo zomntanakho, futhi kungaba yisilungiselelo esilungele ukwelashwa okujulile okuphakanyiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Okokufaka okuzwakalayo kungalawulwa, futhi okulindelekile kuhlale kungaguquguquki usuku lonke. Abanye abathintekayo banomuzwa wokuthi ukujwayeleka ekhaya kuyafaneleka ekufundeni nokuthi abazali bayilapha engcono kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, abanye bazizwa ukuthi azikho izinketho ezingcono.
Ukuthuthukiswa nokudlalwa kwemithi , njenge-RDI, i-Floortime, ne-Sonrise ngokuvamile banikezwa ngabazali esimweni semvelo. Izikole zasemakhaya kanye nemitholampilo angeke zinikeze lezi zinhlelo. Uma unikeza ukwelashwa okuthuthukiswayo, ikhaya lingase libe okukhethayo noma okukhethwa kukho kuphela.
Emiphakathini eminingi umzali wokuhlala ekhaya akudingeki ahambe yedwa; izifunda zesikole kanye / noma izikhungo ze-autism zesifunda zinikeza usizo oluhle kanye nabahlinzeki abajikelezayo, futhi amaqembu asekela i-autism yimithombo emikhulu yama-playdates namanye amathuba omphakathi. Indlela enhle yokuqala ukufinyelela kulezi zindlela ongakhetha kuzo ukuxhumana ne-autism ejensi yakho yezinsizakalo zokuqala zokungenelela kanye nokuxhuma namaqembu okusekela wendawo ukuhlangabezana nabanye abazali noma abanakekeli njengawe.
I-Cons. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukhetho lokunakekelwa ekhaya kushiwo ukuthi umuntu, ngokuvamile umzali, kufanele azimisele futhi akwazi ukuhlala ekhaya nezingane ezitholakalayo. Umzali ohlala ekhaya akasenakwenzeka ukuba nesikhathi namandla okwenza umsebenzi ovamile ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi ohilelekile ekunakekeleni ingane encane ye-autistic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane eziningi ezine- autism zenza kahle kakhulu esimisweni esihle kakhulu, esibikezelayo. Uma unezinye izingane ezincane noma zisebenza kusuka ekhaya, ukuhlelwa kwekhaya kungakwazi ukungazibikezeli, okuzwakalayo, ngisho nokuxolisa.
Ngaphandle kwenkinga ecacile futhi ebucayi yezimali, indima yokuhlala ekhaya umzali wengane ene-autism akuyona yonke into. Ngokuvamile indima ibandakanya ukusebenza njengomhlengikazi phakathi okungenani ingxenye yosuku, ukulawula ukuziphatha kwengane yakho ngaphandle kwekhaya ngenkathi uthenga futhi uya ezindaweni zokudlala kanye nezinye izilungiselelo, futhi usebenza njengomphathi wezinsizakalo zabahlengikazi abaningi nodokotela ongase ube nazo manje empilweni yakho. Ngenkathi abanye abazali bethola lolu hlobo lwenselelo oluthakazelisayo futhi olukhuthazayo, abanye bakuthola lucindezela, lukhuni futhi lukhuni.
Imikhiqizo kanye neNgcono yokuSungulwa kweSchools
Izinzuzo. Emiphakathini eminingi, zasenkulisa ezincane noma ezinsukwini ezigcwele ziyatholakala mahhala kuyo yonke imindeni.
Izingane ezine-autism azitholi kuphela imfundo yezemfundo kodwa futhi (ezimweni eziningi) zithola okungenani ukwelashwa esikoleni. Izindawo eziningi zinezinhlelo ezimbalwa zasesikoleni zangasese ezizimele ezibhekiswe ezinganeni ezinesidingo esikhethekile. Kuye ngezidingo zomntanakho kanye neminikelo yabo (futhi, yebo, imali yakho) isenkulisa yangasese ingaba mdlalo omkhulu.
Izikole zasenkulisa ezinganeni zivamise (nakuba kungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi) zisebenza ngabantu abaqeqeshwe ngokuqondile ukusekela izidingo zomntanakho. Zakhiwe, zihambisana, futhi zinezo zonke amathuluzi ezisebenzayo ukuze zisebenze ngamakhono kusukela ekuxhumaneni komphakathi kuya ekuxhumaneni okuhle kwezimoto.
Izikole zasenkulisa nazo zinikeza inzuzo ebalulekile yomphakathi wabangane nabazali babo, into enzima kakhulu ukudala kusukela emhlabathini uma unomntwana we-autistic.
Kwezinye izimo (ikakhulukazi uma ukhethe ukwelashwa okugxilwe ngumzali njenge-floortime noma i-RDI) kuhle futhi kuzuze abazali ukuba banikeze ukwelapha. Kodwa uma ingane yakho ithola ukuhlaziywa kokuziphatha okusetshenzisiwe (ABA) , asikho isizathu esithile sokuthi kungani ingane yakho kufanele ibuyele ekhaya: I-ABA ivame ukuhlinzekwa abangewona abazali amahora amaningi ngesonto.
I-Cons. Ngenkathi isilungiselelo sokuqala zasenkulisa singase sibe yingozi, iqiniso liwukuthi eziningi zasenkulisa azikude kakhulu. Ungase uthole ukuthi ingane yakho ithola okuncane kulokhu okuhlangenwe nakho, noma ngisho nokuba nesipiliyoni esibi. Ungathola ukuthi labo okuthiwa "abaqeqeshwe" empeleni bazisiza othisha abaye bafunda enkulumweni ye-autism. Ungase ufunde ukuthi ezinye izingane ezingxenyeni lomntanakho zikhutshaziwe nakakhulu kunomntwana wakho, okwenza umphakathi uphinde ufunde kunzima.
Uma ngabe ingane yakho isenkulisa esivamile, ngisho nezinsizakalo zokuqala zokungenelela, ungathola ukuthi ngokuvamile izingane ezikhula (mhlawumbe abazali babo) zingase zibe ngaphansi kokuzimisela ukuphuma futhi zibandakanye ingane yakho (nawe) emaqenjini abo futhi imisebenzi engekho esikoleni.
Izwi elivela
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ekhaya noma kusenkulisa, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ungakwazi njalo ukushintsha ingqondo yakho, noma ukuxuba nokufanisa. Akukho okulungile noma okungalungile ngokuphelele; impendulo oyifinyelela izokhuluma ikakhulukazi nomndeni wakho, indawo yakho futhi, nakanjani, ingane yakho. Njengoba ucabangela isinqumo sakho, zibuze le mibuzo:
- Singakwazi yini ukuba nomzali oyedwa ahlale ekhaya?
- Ngabe umzali ohlala ekhaya angazizwa kanjani ngendima yasendlini ngezingane ezizimele? Ingabe uyozizwa ecasukile, edinwe, noma egxilile? Noma, noma kunjalo, ingabe uzozibandakanya, ajabule futhi aqiniseke?
- Yini ingane yakho ifuna noma idinga? Uma ngabe ingane yakho isondelene nabantu futhi ihlanganyela, futhi / noma ifanelana kahle ohlelweni olusenkulisa, kungenzeka ukuthi kunengqondo ukunikeza izingane zasenkulisa ukuzama. Uma ingane yakho ibonakala idinga okuningi kwe-1: 1 yokwelashwa (futhi ungakwazi futhi ufune ukuyihlinzeka), ikhaya lingase libe yindlela enhle kakhulu.
- Yini enye izingane zakho ezizidingayo? Ingabe ukugcina ingane encane ye-autistic ekhaya igxile kakhulu esikhathini namandla onakho kwezinye izingane zakho?
> Imithombo:
> Szatmari, Peter, et al. I-Trajectories Ethuthukayo Ye-Symptom Severity and Adaptive Ukusebenza Kuqoqo Lokuqala Lama-Preschool Children Nge-Autism Spectrum Disorder. I-JAMA Psychiatry. Mashi 1, 2015; 72 (3): 276-283. i-doi: 10.1001 / i-jamapsychiatry.2014.2463
> Zwaigenbaum, uLonnie, et al. Ukungenelela Kwangaphambili Kwabantwana abane-Autism Spectrum Disorder Ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-3 yobudala: Izincomo zoMsebenzi nokuCwaninga. I-Pediatrics, Okthoba 2015, Vol. 136 / Issue Supplement 1.