Ngezinye izikhathi indlela yokulinda nokubona ibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekeleni ukutheleleka indlebe
Izifo zendlebe yi-infection evamile kakhulu ebantwaneni, futhi esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zesidokotela sesidokotela sokunikeza ama-antibiotics. Njengoba sinikezwe ukuthi yini manje esiyazi ngayo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama- antibiotics kungabangela kanjani ukuthi amabhaktheriya abe umelana nawo, noma kunjalo, kunengqondo ukuthi odokotela bangasheshi ukuwabeka.
Yingakho i-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ikhishwe imihlahlandlela ngo-2013 ukusiza izingane kanye nabazali ukwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nokuthi imithi ephikisana ne-antibiotics iyadingeka ngempela ukuphatha izifo zendlebe.
Ngakho ngesikhathi esilandelayo ingane yakho iqala ukuphendula endlebeni yakhe noma umfana wakho oneminyaka engu-5 ngokuzumayo ugijima umkhuhlane, gcina le mihlahlandlela engqondweni.
Ukuxilongwa kwezifo zendlebe
Okokuqala ukwazi ngezifo zendlebe ukuthi akusiyo njalo ukuthi ingane ikhona ngempela, ngisho nodokotela. Kubonakala sengathi kufanele kube yinto eqondile ukuxilonga: Ubheka ngaphakathi kwendlebe yengane futhi ungabona uma isifo noma cha, kunjalo? Kodwa kungaba nzima ukuthola umbono ocacile ngaphakathi kwendlebe yengane encane. Futhi kulula ukuphutha uketshezi olutheni endlebeni ngokutheleleka, ukubiza ubomvu obubangelwa umkhuhlane noma ukukhala njengophawu lokutheleleka, noma ukungazi ngisho nokubona isigubhu sezindlebe ngenxa ye- wax indlebe .
Enye inkomba enganezinsana ezinezinkinga zendlebe yilezi zindlela zokuthi ibuye ibe nezinye izimpawu zakudala: ukuqala ngokushesha kwe-earache (otalgia), ukudonsa endlebeni (okuthile okwenziwa izingane ngokuphendula ubuhlungu bezindlebe), ukucasula, amanzi of umkhuhlane kusuka endlebeni ( otorrhea ), kanye nomkhuhlane.
Lapho Kudingeka I-Antibiotics Ngempela
Ngokusho kwemihlahlandlela ye-AAP, zonke izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 ezikhulisa ukutheleleka kwezindlebe kufanele ziphathwe ngama-antibiotics. Izingane eziphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 neminyaka emibili nazo kufanele zithole ama-antibiotics uma izingane zabo zineziqiniseko zokuthi zine-HIV. (Khumbula ukuthi kungaba ukuxilongwa okukhohlisayo okuyikhohlisa.) Ingane enezimpawu ezinzima, ezifana nobuhlungu obunzima noma umkhuhlane ngaphezu kuka-102.2 F, kufanele futhi ilashwe ngama-antibiotics ngisho noma udokotela engekho ngamaphesenti angu-100 athile ukutheleleka indlebe.
Iningi lezingane ezinenkinga ezithile zezempilo ezingapheli nazo kufanele zifakwe kuma-antibiotics ngenxa yokutheleleka indlebe. Lokhu kubandakanya izingane ezine-Down syndrome, izinkinga zesistimu ye-immune, i-palate ye-cleft , noma isitshalo se-cochlear. Okufanayo kunjalo kunoma imuphi ingane enesifo sengculazi ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ezedlule noma inomkhuhlane ongapheli ezindlebeni zakhe.
I-Observation Option
Izingane ezindala nalabo abanempilo ngokujwayelekile ngokuvamile abadingi ama-antibiotic ukusula ukutheleleka indlebe, okungenani hhayi ekuqaleni. Kuzo, iziqondiso ze-AAP zeluleka ngokusebenzisa "inketho yokubona." Lokhu kusho ukumane ubukele ingane ngokucophelela amahora okuqala angu-48 kuya ku-72 ngemuva kokutholwa. Uma izimpawu zakhe ziba zimbi nakakhulu, noma ungaphuthuli nhlobo, sekuyisikhathi sokubiza ngomuthi wokulwa namagciwane. Izingane zisingatha lesi simo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Abanye abazali babuyela ehhovisi, abanye bayomisa imithi efonini, kanti abanye odokotela bayobhala imithi ethi "nje-in-case" abazali okufanele babe nayo.
Le ndlela yokubheka esikhundleni sokuqeda ama-antibiotics ngokushesha isebenze ngempumelelo kwamanye amazwe futhi inezingozi ezimbalwa. Isebenza ngoba izingane eziningi ezinezifo zendlebe zizothola ngcono ngokwabo.
Izingane azishiywa ukuthi zihlupheke, noma kunjalo: Lezi ziqondiso zincoma ukunikeza i- acetaminophen noma ibuprofen ngokukhululeka kobuhlungu.
Lapho ukulinda nokubona kungasebenzi
Uma emva kwesikhathi sokuqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka kwezindlebe zezingane zingancishisi futhi kucacile ukuthi udinga imithi yokulwa nayo, iziqondiso ze-AAP zincoma ukuthi ziqale nge-amoxicillin, futhi ziqhubeke nemithi enamandla ngemva kwamahora angu-48 kuya kwangu-72 uma i-amoxicillin ingenayo ukukhulula izimpawu noma umkhuhlane wengane uhlala ku-102.2 F noma ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, noma njengenye indlela uma ingane ihlanza, ingase idinge eyodwa noma ezintathu kwezinsuku ze-antibiotic e-intravenous or intramuscular, njenge-Rocephin (leftriaxone).
Ukuze izingane ezine-allergies ezithile, iziqondiso ze-AAP zihlonza amanye ama-antibiotic azoba ephephile ukuba athathe.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-antibiotic ethize inikezwe, ngokwe-AAP izingane ezingaphansi kuka-6 nalabo abanezimpawu ezinzima kufanele bahlale emithini yezinsuku eziyishumi ezigcwele. Izingane ezindala zingenza kahle ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa zemithi elwa namagciwane.
Ukuvimbela Izifo Zendlebe Endaweni Yokuqala
I-AAP iphinde ikhuthaze ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa izingozi zokungenwa kwezifo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuncelisa ingane okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha, ungalokothi unike umntwana ibhodlela ngenkathi elele phansi, futhi ukugcoba kusuka ku-pacifier emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Futhi izingane ezineminyaka yonke kufanele zigcinwe kude nomusi wesandla wesandla.
> Umthombo:
U-Allan S. Lieberthal, u-Aaron E. Carroll, uThasee Chonmaitree, uTheodore G. Ganiats, u-Alejandro Hoberman, uMary Anne Jackson, uMark D. Joffe, uDonald T. Miller, uRichard M. Rosenfeld, Xavier D. Sevilla, uRichard H. Schwartz, UPauline A. Thomas, uDavid E. Tunkel. Umhlahlandlela Wokusebenza Ngokwemitholampilo: Ukuhlolwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Acute Otitis Media. Izingane zokwelapha . 2013. > i-doi: 10.1542 / i-peds.2012-3488.