Igama elithi polyol polyp libhekisela ekukhuleni okungavamile emgqeni wekoloni . Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene ze-polyps, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kuphela amaphesenti angu-10 awo aqala ukuba ngumdlavuza wekoloni . Lezi zikhula zingahle zihlukaniswe njengezinhle (ezingekho komdlavuza), zangaphambi komdlavuza, noma zidlavuza.
Ukuthola ukuthi unamapolitiki ama-colon akusho lutho-umuntu oyedwa kwabakwaMelika abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 analo.
Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezithile ze-polyps zingakhula, ziguquguquke futhi zibe nomdlavuza. Lokhu kucatshangelwa ukuba kwenzeke kancane kancane, esikhathini esingaphezu kweminyaka engu-10 ukuya kweyengu-20.
Isilinganiso sokukhula kancane se-polyp yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi umdlavuza wekoloni uvinjelwa kakhulu. Uma udokotela wakho ethola izinhlobo ezifanele ze-polyps-lezo ezingase zikhule zibe ngumdlavuza-angabasusa ngaphambi kokuba bathole ithuba lokuguqula phambili.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Ungathola ama-polyps ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Njengoba ukhula, ama-polyps angakhula ekoloni yakho, yingakho kufanele uqale ukuhlola izivivinyo zomdlavuza wekoloni oneminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
Abanye abantu bazokhuphula ama-polyps ngokushesha, ngenxa yokuphila kanye nokudla okusiza ukukhula kwe-polyp, noma kungase kube ne-hereditary syndrome, njenge- familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), okuyisimo esingavamile sezakhi zofuzo ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwama-polyps angaphambi komdlavuza ikholoni yakho.
I-Genetics
Uma unelunga lomndeni wokuqala (umfowethu, udade, ubaba, umama, ingane) onomdlavuza wekoloni noma i-polyps, ingozi yakho yokukhula komdlavuza wekoloni yanda.
Esikhathini sakho, iziqondiso zokuqala ukuhlola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-colorectal ezineminyaka engama-50 azisebenzi. Udokotela wakho angase afune ukuqala ukuhlola ngokushesha kakhulu.
I-Adenomatous Polyposis Syndrome ejwayelekile (i-FAP)
Leli syndrome lomndeni elizuze umndeni elidala ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhulu (ngisho nezinkulungwane) zama-polyps angaphambi komdlavuza ku-colon yakho.
Nakuba kungavamile, abantu abane-FAP bangatholakala ukuthi banomdlavuza wekoloni ngesikhathi besencane. Izimpawu ze-FAP zingase zibandakanye izinguquko emisebenzini yezinyosi , ubuhlungu besisu, noma izitshalo ezigazini (ezivela ezinhlakeni ezinkulu).
I-Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome (i-HNPCC)
Ebizwa nangokuthi i- Lynch syndrome , lokhu kuyimvelo ezuzwe umndeni engayandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wekoloni ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-80. Azikho izimpawu zangaphandle ze-HNPCC, kodwa ukuhlolwa kofuzo , umlando womndeni wekhanda lomguloni, nokuhlola izivivinyo, njenge-colonoscopy, kuzokusiza udokotela wakho ahlole lesi sifo.
I-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (i-PJS)
Lesi isimo esizuzwe njengefa esibangelwa ama-polyp polyps afanelekile ukuba abe nomdlavuza. I-PJS ayivamile, ithinta phakathi komuntu oyedwa kuya ku-25,000 kuya kwabayi-300 000 abantu abazalwa.
I-PJS ingadluliselwa kwengane (50/50 ithuba lalokho) noma ithuthukiswe ngokungahleliwe (imbangela engaziwa). Ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana ne-syndrome, okuvame ukubonakala ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kufaka phakathi ukukhanya okumnyama okwezindebe emlonyeni noma emlonyeni, ukubhubhisa komunwe noma izinsipho, negazi esitokisini.
Ukunciphisa Ingozi
Iningi labantu abadala abangaphezu kuka-50 bayoba ne-polyps ekoloni yabo, kodwa kunganciphisa izingozi ezingabangela ukukhula nokunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wekoloni.
Izici ezinjalo ezilawulayo zihlanganisa:
- Yeka ukubhema-Ingozi yokuthuthukisa ama-polyps aphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu uma ubhema.
- Hlanza ukudla kwakho-Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi futhi okubomvu kanye ne-fiber encane kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wekoloni.
- Phuza utshwala ngokulinganisela-Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala kwandisa ingozi yamagciwane angama-colorectal.
- Ukuzivocavoca-Abantu abakhuthele ngokomzimba baneengozi encane yokuthuthukisa ukwelapha wekoloni kanye ne-rectum.
- Gwema isisindo (uma kunesidingo) -Ubukhulu bungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kunezici ezinobungozi ongakwazi ukuzilawula, ezibandakanya ubulili, ubudala, isifo sofuba nomlando womndeni.
Umlando wesifo sofuba sesibindi , uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sesi-2, noma izimo zomndeni ezandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ama-polyps, njengeFAP noma i-HNPCC, ingafaka futhi engozini enkulu.
Izimpawu
Ngokuyinhloko, ama-polyps azohlala futhi akhule ngokuthula ekholoni yakho ngaphandle kwempawu zangaphandle. I-polyp enkulu ingase igeze , engabonakala esitokisini noma ekuhlolweni kwegazi lomzimba. Ngokuvamile, ungase uzwe ukukhathala, okungahle kwenzeke ngokulahlekelwa igazi ngokweqile (ukuphuma ekhononi kusuka kuma-polyps amakhulu noma ama-cancer).
Ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa
Kunezivivinyo eziningi zokuhlola ezihlukile ezazisetshenziselwa ukutholakala kwama-polyps kukholoni yakho. Iningi lalezi zivivinyo zidinga ukulungiswa kwamathumbu ukuze ukhulule ikholoni yesitoreji nokuqukethwe oketshezi, ukuvumela ukubonakala okucacile kwama-polyps. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kuhlanganisa:
- I-Colonoscopy- isetshenziselwe ukubona ngeso lengqondo futhi isuse ama-polyps amakhulu
- I-Colonoscopy Virtual ( CT Colonography ) -kusetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo izintambo
- I-Double-Contrast ye-Barium Enema (i-DCBE) -kusetshenziselwa ukubonisa ama-polyps
- I-Fecal Occult Test Test (FOBT) -isetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuphuma kwegazi esitokisini
Izinhlobo zePolyps
Ama-polyps abizwa ngokusho kwendawo, uhlobo, nokubukeka. Ungathuthukisa ama-polyps kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yekholoni yakho noma i-rectum. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-polyp yi-polyp ye-tubular, okuyinto enhle kakhulu ukuba ibe nomdlavuza.
Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza wekoloni uthuthuka kusuka kuma-polyps adenomatous, kanti i- adenocarcinoma iba uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-tumor. Ama-polyps adenomatous angaba yinqaba (i-frond noma i-leaf-like), ephakanyisiwe, noma ephansi.
Ama-polyps angenalutho ajwayelekile kakhulu ahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wekoloni, noma kunjalo, angaba ngumdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba atholakale ngakwesokudla kolononi yakho noma uma unomlando womndeni we-genetic syndromes.
Ukwelapha
Uma i-polyp ikhonjisiwe, udokotela uzohlola uhlobo lwawo kanye nosayizi futhi angakhetha ukukukhipha futhi anciphise ingozi yaleso polyp ibe umdlavuza esikhathini esizayo. Ukususwa kwe-polyp kubizwa ngokuthi i-polypectomy, evame ukuqedwa ngesikhathi sakho se-colonoscopy noma sigmoidoscopy.
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezihlobene nokususwa kwe-polyp kufaka phakathi ingozi yamathumbu okugcoba (umgodi emathunjini), ukuphuma kwegazi, nokutheleleka, ukubiza amagama ambalwa. Qinisekisa ukuxoxa ngezingozi nezinzuzo zokususwa kwe-polyp nodokotela wakho.
Futhi, uma udokotela wakho ethola amapolitiki angenakubalwa noma amakhulu kakhulu, angakhuluma nawe ngokuhlinzekwa ngokukhipha ingxenye yekoloni yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i- colectomy .
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (2006). Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-American Cancer Society ku-Cancer Colorectal . I-Clifton Fields, NE: i-American Cancer Society.
I-Medline Plus. (nd). I-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome.
I-National Cancer Institute. (nd). I-Colorectal Cancer Prevention (PDQ).
I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. (nd). Lokho Engidinga Ukukwazi Nge-Colon Polyps.