Ukuthi imithi yokwelapha ivikela kanjani amasosha omzimba ukuthi aqaphele amagciwane omdlavuza
I-Immunotherapy iyindlela yokwelashwa esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza , i-immunotherapy isabhekwa njengeyintsha futhi itholakale ukwelapha ezinye umdlavuza ngokuphumelelayo uma ihlangene nezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa komdlavuza (ngakho-ke kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ngokubambisana ne- chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa kwemisebe ).
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-immunotherapy ezisebenza kangcono kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kunabanye.
Ezinye ze-immunotherapy zokwelapha zisebenza ngokumane zithuthukise isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba ngenkathi abanye basiza isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ukuthi sifunde kanjani ukuhlasela amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza. I-Immunotherapy isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy noma imisebe.
Yikuphi Ngokuqondile Ukuzivikela Nge-Immunotherapy?
I-Immunotherapy ivuselela amasosha omzimba omuntu ukusiza ukulwa nezifo (njengomdlavuza). Lokhu kungafezwa ngokusebenzisa umgomo wokugoma umdlavuza, ukwelashwa kwama-antibody, noma izivikeli ezingekho ngqo ezilandelayo:
- Ngokuvuselela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba ukuze sibe namandla nakakhulu ekuqapheliseni amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuze bahlasele.
- Ngokufaka izici zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela omzimba (njengamaprotheni omzimba omzimba) emzimbeni lapho umzimba unesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba obuthakathaka noma ulahlekelwa izingxenye ezanele.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-immunotherapy, udokotela wakho noma i-oncologist angase akhombise ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-immunotherapy njenge- biologic therapy noma i- biotherapy .
Indlela Umzimba Wokuzivikela Ngayo Othinta Ngayo
Amasosha omzimba anempilo akhiwa ngezitho, amaseli akhethekile, amaprotheni nezinye izinto ezikuvikela ekutheleleni nezifo. Ngokugcina ithrekhi yazo zonke izinto ezivame ukutholakala emzimbeni wakho, amasosha omzimba wakho ayazi ukuthi kukhona yini izinto zangaphandle (njengezigciwane, amagciwane noma ama-parasites, aziwa njenge-antigens) afaka umzimba wakho.
Isivikeli somzimba somzimba siphendula kulezizinto ezingaziwa futhi uma kutholakala i-antigen, impendulo yesistimu yomzimba ukubulala i-antigen nanoma yini engase ifakwe kuyo.
Ngeshwa, ngisho nesistimu ye-immune enempilo ingaba nesikhathi esinzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaseli avamile namaseli anomdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi, amangqamuzana omdlavuza anomuncele ongaphandle ongavamile, ofana nowe-antigen. Ngokusebenzisa i-immunotherapy, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela umzimba singaqeqeshwe ukuba siphumelele kakhulu ekubulaweni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma imithi yokwelapha isetshenziswa ukuyeka noma ukunciphisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, ukuze umdlavuza uvinjelwe ukusakazeka. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-immunotherapy kungasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela elandelayo elandelayo ye-chemo noma imisebe.
I-FDA ivumile ukwelashwa kwe-immunotherapy kula makhambi alandelayo:
- I-Melanoma
- I-leukemi, i-Lymphomas ne-Myelomas
- Umdlavuza wezinso
- I-prostate Cancer
- Umdlavuza webele
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho
- I-Ovarian Cancer
- I-Cancer Colorectal
- I-Cancer Lung
I-Immunotherapy inganikezwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene-iphilisi, IV, nomjovo. Uthola kaningi kangakanani ukwelashwa kuxhomeke kunhlobo lomdlavuza onayo, nokuthi yisiphi isigaba. Ukucwaninga nge-immunotherapy kuye kwanda kancane emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule kanye nezinhlobo ezintsha zokunakekelwa kwe-immunotherapy.
Lezi zinhlobo ezintsha zokwelapha zingadlala ingxenye enkulu endleleni umdlavuza uphathwa ngayo esikhathini esizayo.
Umthombo:
I-American Cancer Society. Kuyini umdlavuza we-immunotherapy?
I-National Cancer Institute. Immunotherapy: Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Immune Treatment.