Izinkinga Zokuzalwa Zakwa-VACTERL Zenzeka Kanye
I- VACTERL ye- acronym ibhekisela eqenjini leziphene zokuzalwa ezenzeka ndawonye; lezizinto ezingavamile zihlobene futhi zenzeka ngengozi, zithinta izingxenye eziningana zomzimba. Ubuhlobo be-VACTERL bungabangela izimpawu eziningi, ngakho-ke aziwa ukuthi zingaki izingane ezithintekayo. Isimo singase senzeke ngezinye izifo ezinjenge-chromosome ezifana ne- Trisomy 18 (i-Edwards syndrome), noma ezinganeni zabamama abanesifo sikashukela , kodwa isizathu sangempela asiyazi; kungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwemvelo nezakhi zofuzo.
I-VACTERL Association iyingqayizivele kakhulu, inomthelela ku-1 kwabangu-40,000 abazalwa.
Izimpawu
Incwadi ngayinye ku-VACTERL imelela incwadi yokuqala yezimpawu zayo ezivamile. Akuzona zonke izingane ezithintekayo yi-VACTERL inhlangano yazo zonke lezizinto ezingavamile.
- I-V imele ama-vertebrae (amathambo omgogodla), okungavamile
- A imelela atresia anal noma imperforate anus, okusho i-anus engavulwa ngaphandle komzimba
- C imele ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo (inhliziyo), ngokuvamile imbobo engavamile phakathi kwezinhlangothi zenhliziyo (i-ventricular septal defect noma i-atrial septal defect)
- I-T imelela i-tracheoesophageal fistula, okusho ukuthi uxhumano olungavamile phakathi kwe-trachea (i-windpipe) kanye nesifo (ithubhu yokudla kuya esiswini)
- E imelela i-atresia esophageal, okusho ukuthi isifo asixhumi esiswini
- R imelela ukukhubazeka kwama-renal ( izinso )
- L imelela izitho (ingalo) iziphambeko ezifana nezithupha ezingekho noma ezifudukayo, iminwe eyengeziwe (polydactyly), iminwe ehlangene (syndactyly), noma ithambo elilahlekile ezandleni noma emilenzeni
Ezinye izinsana ezalwa ne-VACTERL zine-artery eyodwa kuphela (esikhundleni sezinto ezivamile). Izinsana eziningi zizalwa ezincane futhi zinenkinga yokukhula nokuthola isisindo.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa komphakathi we-VACTERL kusekelwe ekutheni ukuzalwa kwezinsana. Akukho ukuhlolwa okunye okudingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Ezinye izinkinga, ezifana ne-anus imperforate noma iminwe eyengeziwe, zizotholakala uma ingane isanda kuhlolwa ngemva kokuzalwa. I-X-ray yomgogodla, izingalo, nemilenze ingathola amathambo angavamile. I-echocardiogram (inhliziyo i-ultrasound) ingakwazi ukubona ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo. Ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuba khona kwe-atresia esophageal kanye ne-tracheoesophageal fistula noma izinkinga zezinso.
Ukwelapha
Isimo ngasinye nge-VACTERL inhlangano ehlukile kakhulu futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ukwelashwa nokubikezelwa kuxhomeke esimweni somuntu. Lesi simo siphathwa ngesinye isisekelo; uhlelo lwezokwelapha jikelele lwe-VACTERL aluzange ludalwe. Okunye okungavamile kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukwelashwa ngeke kuphumelele futhi usana oluthintekile lungase lungaphili. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kungakwazi ukulungisa amaphutha, okuvumela umntwana ukuba aphile futhi aphile impilo evamile.
Uma sekuvele ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, uhlelo lwezokwelapha lungathuthukiswa usana. Ezinye izinkinga, njenge-atresia esophageal, i-tracheoesophageal fistula, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo, zingadinga ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa inkinga kungalinda kuze kube yilapho ingane ikhulile. Ngokuvamile, ochwepheshe abaningi bahilelekile ekunakekeleni ingane ene-VACTERL.
Izingane ezinezingalo, umlenze noma izinsipho zingadinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba noma emsebenzini.
Imithombo:
"VACTERL Association". BirthDefects.org, 2015.
Castori, M. "VACTERL Association". Izinhlangano Zomphakathi Zenkinga Ezingavamile, 2016.