Ukufunda ukuthi unayo i-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (i-IPF) isenzakalo esishintsha ukuphila. Kusho ukuthi unesifo sesifo samaphaphu esingapheli esingalindela ukuba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa i- dyspnea ephawulekayo futhi eqhubekela phambili (ukuphefumula), ukukhathala nokukhwehlela, izimpawu ezingase zibe nomkhawulo; futhi cishe ekugcineni kubangele ukufa.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-IPF empeleni banokuningi okushoyo ngokuthi bazokwenza kanjani kahle ngalesi simo (noma kanjani). Abantu abahamba phambili kakhulu nge-IPF bavame ukuba yibo abathintekayo ekuphatheni isimo sabo siqu. Bazozama ukuqonda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka nge-IPF kanye nezinyathelo ezitholakalayo, futhi bazothatha indima ekunqumeni ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezifaneleke kakhulu kuzo. Zizofaka zonke izinguquko zokuphila eziye zaboniswa ukunciphisa izimpawu futhi zenze isikhathi eside sisinde. Futhi bazoqinisekisa ukuthi bona nodokotela bazo bahlale bebheke ucwaningo oluqhubekayo oluqhubekayo olwenziwe, oluhloswe ekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa okusha, okuphumelelayo kwe-IPF.
Okufanele Ukwazi Nge IPF
I-IPF ibangelwa i-fibrosis engavamile (i-scarring) yamathishu emaphaphu. Ngenxa yalokhu i-fibrosis, amaphaphu ayenzi kahle ekushintsheni umklamo phakathi kwemoya e- alveoli (ama-air bags) kanye negazi.
Ngenxa yalokho, i-oksijeni inenkathi enzima ukungena egazini. Njengoba i-fibrosis ibuhlungu, kanjalo ne-dyspnea nezinye izimpawu IPF ngokuvamile idala .
Imibono yethu mayelana nesibangela salokhu okuqhubekayo kwamaphaphu fibrosis kuye kwavela eminyakeni yamuva. Ekuqaleni kwakukholelwa ukuthi ukuphumula kwamaphaphu kubangelwa ukuvuvukala emathisini amaphaphu, futhi ukwelashwa kwakuhloswe ukuphazamisa inqubo yokuvuvukala ngezidakamizwa ezifana ne- steroids , methotrexate , ne- cyclosporine .
Noma kunjalo, lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha aluzange luboniswe ukuthi luzuzisa kakhulu.
Muva nje, abaningi abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi inkinga enkulu e-IPF yukuthi izicubu zamaphaphu ziphilisa ngokungajwayelekile. Ukuphulukiswa okungavamile, kanye ne-fibrosis esilandelayo, kungase kwenzeke ekuphenduleni umonakalo omncane wamapayipi, ngisho nomonakalo ongathà sina womonakalo wamaphaphu okwenzeka ngokuphila okuvamile.
Lo mqondo wokuphulukisa okungavamile ku-IPF kubalulekile ngoba unike abacwaningi ithuba lokuthola ukwelapha, okungukuthi, ukuthola izindlela zokuphazamisa inqubo yokuphulukisa engavamile ukuze unciphise i-fibrosis. Nakuba inqubo yokuphulukisa emathangeni amaphaphu kunzima kakhulu, futhi ihilela ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli nama-molecule, okuningi noma inqubekela phambili seyenziwe kakade.
Izidakamizwa ezimbili ezintsha sezivumile kakade ngenxa yalolu chungechunge olusha locwaningo (i-pirfenidone ne-nintedanib), kanti nezinye izidakamizwa eziningana ziyakhiwa futhi zihlolwe ukwelashwa kwe-IPF .
Into esemqoka okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi kunezizathu eziningi zokuba nethemba mayelana nokuphathwa kwe-IPF kunanini ngaphambili. Futhi uma unayo i-IPF, uma wenza okungaphezulu ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kungcono amathuba akho ekugcineni azuze emitholampilo emisha engase ibe khona eminyakeni ezayo.
Ongakwenza Uma Unayo IPF
Yiya kuchwepheshe.
I-IPF ingaba yisifo esinzima sokuba udokotela asebenze. Ngenxa yokuthi inzima kakhulu, futhi ngoba ukuphathwa kahle kwe-IPF ngokuvamile kuhilela ukwenza izinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi esifanele, abantu abane-IPF bavame ukuthola imiphumela emihle uma benakekelwa umuntu ojwayele ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Ngakho-ke uma une-IPF kufanele ucabangisise ngokusebenza nomchwepheshe wezokwelapha we-pulmonary; okungcono okwamanje, isazi se-pulmonary esinesithakazelo esikhethekile ku-IPF.
Kumele ucele udokotela wakho ukuthi adluliselwe kuchwepheshe onjalo.
Uma unenkinga yokuthola isazi sepulmonary, iwebhusayithi ye-Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation ingakusiza ukuthi uthole umuntu osondelene nekhaya lakho.
Uchwepheshe uzokusiza ngokukhethekile ekunqumeni ukuthi kufanele yini uthole imithi emisha ye-IPF, futhi uma isikhathi esingahle sizobaqala. Futhi, uma ukuguqulwa kwamaphaphu kufanele kube khona ukucubungula, isazi se-pulmonary sizokwazi ukwahlulela isikhathi esifanele senqubo enjalo, nokukuqondisa ngenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthola.
Uchwepheshe wepulmonary, ikakhulukazi onesithakazelo esikhethekile ku-IPF, uzoqhubeka ehambelana nocwaningo lwamuva ekwelapheni kwe-IPF, futhi angakwazi ngisho nokuncoma izilingo ezithile zemitholampilo ukuze uhlanganyele, uma unesithakazelo. I-ClinicalTrials.gov inganikeza futhi lolu hlobo lwazi kuwe.
Thatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa umonakalo owengeziwe wamaphaphu.
Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ngokwakho ukuze usize ukuphuthuka kwentuthuko ye-lung fibrosis. Ngoba kubonakala sengathi i-IPF ibangelwa inqubo engavamile yokuphulukisa ekuphenduleni umonakalo wamaphaphu, kufanele wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukugwema umonakalo ongavimbela amaphaphu. Okungenani lezi zinyathelo kufanele zifake:
Yeka ukubhema. Imikhiqizo yokubhema iyimbangela yokucasula okunamandla nokulimala emathangeni akho emaphaphu. Abantu abane-IPF ababhemayo, futhi ikakhulukazi labo abaqhubeka bebhema, banesifo esibi kakhulu kunabangabhemi. Kubalulekile ukuba ungabhemi, nokuthi noma ubani ohlala nawe akabhemi. Uma ubhema, funda ukuthi ungenzani ukuyeka ukubhema.
Thola igciwane. Kumelwe wenze konke ongakwenza ukuze ugweme ukufaka inguluba noma ezinye izifo zamaphaphu. Lokhu kusho ukuthola imithi yegciwane lesifo seminyaka yonke, nokuthola igciwane le-pneumonia pneumococcal.
Cabanga kakhulu ngokuphathwa nge-GERD. Isifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD) yisisusa esiningi sokuphuza. Kuvele ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-reflux okujwayelekile kuyinto evamile kubantu abane-IPF. Kubaningi balaba bantu, i-GERD ayibangeli noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakalayo-kodwa zisenzeka.
Phakathi nalezi zenzakalo ze-reflux (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziveza izimpawu noma cha) inani elincane le-asidi esiswini livame ukungena emaphashini, okwenza lokho (kubantu abangenayo i-IPF) umonakalo omkhulu futhi wesikhashana wamaphaphu. Nokho, kulabo abane-IPF, umonakalo omkhulu wamaphaphu uguqulwa waba yi-lung fibrosis. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi cishe noma ubani onesi-IPF kufanele abekwe ekwelapheni i-GERD, noma ngabe enezimpawu zokufisa i-reflux noma cha. Kufanele okungenani uxoxe ngalokhu ukwelashwa nodokotela wakho.
Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni. I-oxygen eyengeziwe iyasiza kakhulu kubantu abane-IPF, futhi kufanele uxoxisane nalokhu ukwelashwa nodokotela wakho. Abantu abane-IPF bavame ukuthola ukuthi bayakwazi ukwenza okuningi uma besebenzisa i-oksijini ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwe-oksijeni kunganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu ze-dyspnea ekuphumuleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelapha oksijini kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqala kwegazi lomfutho wegazi , okuvame ukuvela ku-IPF.
Uhlelo lokuvuselelwa kwamapulmonary. Ukubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokuvuselela i-pulmonary , olufana nalabo abasebenzisa abantu abane- chronic obstructive lung lung disease , kuyasiza ngempela kubantu abane-IPF. Lezi zinhlelo zihlanganisa ukuqeqesha umzimba, ukuqeqesha emasu ekuphefumula, ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, kanye nezeluleko zokudla okunomsoco. Zonke lezi zici zokuvuselela i-pulmonary aid zinciphisa izimpawu futhi zithuthukise ukubikezelwa kwabantu abane-IPF. Kufanele ucele udokotela wakho ukuba akubhekise kwelinye.
Ukudla okunomsoco. Ukugcina ukudla okunempilo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni umphumela wakho, kodwa ukudla kahle kungaba yinselele uma unayo i-IPF. Kufanele uhlose ukudla okufaka izithelo eziningi, imifino kanye nezinyama ezinomzimba. Ukudla okuncane, ukudla okuvame ukuvame kakhulu kubantu abane IPF kunokudla ukudla okukhudlwana. Udokotela wezilwane kungaba usizo kakhulu ekufundiseni indlela yokuthola ukudla okudingayo.
Amaqembu asekela. Ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela kungaba usizo kakhulu. Kuwusizo ukwazi ukuthi kukhona abanye abantu ngaphandle lapho abanenkinga efanayo. Ukusebenzisana nabo, nokufunda indlela abaye bakwazi ngayo (nokusiza abanye ukuba babhekane nabo) kungaba ukunika amandla nokuqinisa. Isazi sakho se-pulmonary kufanele sikwazi ukuncoma iqembu lokusekela lendawo. I-Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation ingakusiza futhi ukuthola eyodwa endaweni yakho.
Izwi elivela
IPF yisimo esibi kakhulu nemiphumela emibi. Noma kunjalo, umuntu onesi-IPF unesizathu esiningi sokuba nethemba namuhla kunanini ngaphambili, ikakhulukazi uma ethola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha futhi uthatha indima ekwenzeni zonke izinto ezingasiza ekugcineni impilo yabo.
> Imithombo:
> Collard HR, Tino G, Noble PW, et al. Okuhlangenwe nakho Okubekezela Nge-Pulmonary Fibrosis. I-Respir Med 2007; 101: 1350.
> Dowman L, Hill CJ, Holland AE. Ukuvuselelwa Kwamapulangwe Ukugula Kwama-Lung. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; : CD006322.
> Lee JS, McLaughlin S, Collard HR. Ukunakekelwa Okuphelele Kwesiguli Nge-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. I-Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011; 17: 348.
> Raghu G, Collard HR, Egan JJ, et al. I-ATS / ERS / I-JRS / ALAT Isitatimende Esemthethweni: I-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Iziqondiso Ezisekelwe Ezingqinisweni Zokuxilongwa Nokuphathwa. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183: 788.