I-Vasculitis ngezinye izikhathi ihlanganiswa nezinye izifo ezibizwa nge-Rheumatic Diseases
Sibutsetelo
I-Vasculitis yisimo esingavamile esibandakanya ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi. I-Vasculitis iqala lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela izitsha zakho zegazi. Noma yimiphi imithwalo yegazi yomzimba-i-arteries (ephethe igazi kude nenhliziyo yakho), imithanjeni (ephethe igazi enhliziyweni yakho), kanye nama-capillaries (ahlanganisa ukuphikisana okuncane nezintuthwane) -ngathinteka.
Ukuvuvukala kwesitsha segazi kungabangela ukuba kube mncane noma kuvaliwe, okuvimbela noma kuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, isitsha segazi esithintekile singakwazi ukwelula futhi senze buthaka, sibangele i-aneurysm.
Izimbangela
Isizathu se-vasculitis asiyazi ngokuphelele noma siqonde. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukutheleleka, ukusabela kwemithi, kanye nesifo sokuzibulala kungabangela. I-Vasculitis ingahlanganiswa nezinye izifo ze-rheumatic , njenge- lupus , i- rheumatoid arthritis , ne- Sjogren's syndrome- kodwa iziguli eziningi ezine-vasculitis azikho kulezi zimo ezingaphansi. Ngokuya ngesisusa, i-vasculitis ingaba mnene, ikhulu, noma isongela ukuphila. Kungenzeka njengesiqephu esisodwa sezimpawu noma izenzakalo eziningi.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Izibonakaliso nezimpawu ezihlobene ne-vasculitis ziyahlukahluka, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesitsha segazi nezitho ezibandakanyekayo. Izimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa umkhuhlane, ukulahlekelwa isifiso, ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukukhathala nokuzwa ubuhlungu.
Izimpawu nezimpawu ezihlobene kakhulu nendikimba yomzimba ethintekile zihlanganisa:
- Isikhumba - izindawo ezibomvu / ezibomvu, ama-nodules, noma izilonda
- Imifula - ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela
- Amagundane - ama-numbness noma ubuthakathaka emkhawulweni
- Amalungu - izinhlungu, izinhlungu, nesifo samathambo
- Izitho zomzimba - izilonda zomlomo, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini
- I-Sinus ne-ENT - ukuvuvukala kwesono, ukuvuvukala kwezindlebe eziphakathi, izilonda zempumphu, ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa
- Amehlo - amehlo abomvu, amahloni, noma avuthayo, umbono obonakalayo, ukuzwela okukhanya, ukuphuphuthekisa
- Ubuchopho-ikhanda, izinguquko zomsebenzi wengqondo, izimpawu ezinjenge-stroke
Ukuxilongwa
Njengazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa kwe-vasculitis kusekelwe ekuhlanganyeleni kokuthola okufaka izimpawu nezimpawu, umlando wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuhlola. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezithile kungabonisa izibonakaliso ze-anemia ( izivivinyo ze- hemoglobin ne- hematocrit ) nezibonakaliso ezingezona ezithile zokuvuvukala ( isilinganiso se- erythrocyte sedimentation kanye nesiprotheni esisebenzayo se-C ). Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies), isetshenziselwa ukufaka uphawu lokuhlonza i-vasculitis.
Umfutho wegazi ungaphakanyiswa, ikakhulukazi uma kutholakala izinso. Amazinga aphezulu amaprotheni noma amaseli egazi atholakalayo ku-urinalysis nawo angabonisa ukuthi ukubandakanya kwezinso. I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) noma i- heart echocardiogram isetshenziselwa ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukungajwayelekile okuhlobene nenhliziyo. I-x-ray yesifuba, izivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu, i-ultrasound yesisu, izingcingo ze-CT zezinhlaka, kanye ne-MRI angiography ukuhlola imithwalo yegazi yizo zonke izivivinyo ezitholakalayo ukusiza ukudala ukuxilongwa.
Ukuhlola amasampula amathisipuni nge-biopsy kungenye indlela yokuhlola imithwalo yegazi ngezibonakaliso zokuvuvukala noma ukulimala komzimba.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe kuzoxhomeke kuhlobo lwe-vasculitis kanye nezinhlaka ezibandakanyekile, kanye nokuqina nokuqhubeka kwalesi simo. Ngokuvamile, imithi izobekwa ukuba ilawule ukuvuvukala, izivikeli ezingasetshenziswayo ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha amasosha omzimba angasebenzi, kanti neminye imithi ingasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu ezithile. Ama-glucocorticoids, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i- steroids , iyindlela esemqoka yokwelashwa kwe-vasculitis.
Izinhlobo
Kunezimo ezingaba ngu-20 ezihlukene ezihlukaniswa njenge-vasculitis, kuhlanganise:
- Izifo zikaBehcet
- Izifo zoBuerger
- I-Central Nervous System Vasculitis
- I-Churg-Strauss Syndrome
- Cryoglobulinemia
- I-Giant Cell Arteritis
- UHenoch-Schonlein Purpura
- I-Polyangiitis encane
- I-Polyarteritis Nodosa
- I-Polymyalgia Rheumatica
- I-rheumatoid Vasculitis
- I-Arteritis ka-Takayasu
- I-Granulomatosis ka-Wegener
Okubalulekile
Nakuba i-vasculitis ibhekwa njengesimo esingavamile, kukhona ukuphuthuma okuhlobene nokuxilongwa kwayo. Ayikho ikhambi le-vasculitis, kodwa ukuxilongwa kokuqala kanye nokwelashwa kungasiza ukulawula izimpawu nokuphatha ukuqhuma kwezicubu kanye nomonakalo wendikimba.
Imithombo:
> Paul A. Monach, MD, PhD noPeter A. Merkel, MD, MPH. I-Vasculitis. I-American College of Rheumatology Imfundo Yeziguli. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 2015.
Kuyini i-Vasculitis? Johns Hopkins Vasculitis Center. Johns Hopkins Medicine.