Izicubu ezingaphansi, okubizwa nangokuthi i- hypodermis , ingaphakathi lesikhumba. Yakhiwa ngamathambo namafutha axhumene nawo anezindlu ezinkulu zegazi nezishukela. Izicubu ezingezansi zisebenza njenge-insulator futhi zilawula ukushisa komzimba. Ubukhulu balolu hlu buhlukahluka kuwo wonke umzimba futhi kusuka komuntu kuya komuntu.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezicubu ezincane
Isikhumba sakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu: i- epidermis , i- dermis , kanye nezicubu ezingaphansi.
Kunezinhlaka eziningana nezakhi ezikhethekile ezikhona ngaphakathi kwezicubu ezingaphansi, kufaka phakathi:
- Ama-Collagen ne-elastin fibers
- Amathambo amafutha
- Imithambo yegazi
- Izigulane ezisabekayo
- Ukuphelelwa kwemizwa
- Izimpande zezinwele zezinwele
Izicubu ezingaphansi kwamakhemikhali ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izicubu ze-adipose ( izicubu ezinamafutha) ezenziwe ngama-adipocytes, noma ama-fat cells. Inani lamathambo adipose lihluka kuwo wonke umzimba. Ikhulu kakhulu emagodini, izintende zezandla nezinyawo ezinyaweni. Ubukhulu be-adipocytes buqanjwe nemikhuba yomsoco womuntu. Ngokuvamile, umuntu ogcina imikhuba yokudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba unama-adipocytes amancane futhi akanamathuba okuba ngokweqile.
Imisebenzi yezicubu ezingaphansi
Izicubu ze-adipose zisebenza njengesitoreji samandla. Uma umzimba usebenzise amandla atholakala ku-carbohydrate ukusetshenziswa, uguqula izicubu ze-adipose njengomthombo wephethiloli, okungaholela ekulahlekeni kwesisindo. Ama-Adipocyte angavuvukala noma ahlehlise kuye ngokuthi ngabe amafutha agcinwa noma asetshenzisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mafutha enza njengezikhali ezivikela imisipha, amathambo, izitho, nezicubu ezinomzimba. Cabanga ngamathishu angaphansi kwesigqila njengabagibeli bokuzivikela abagijimi abathanda abadlali bebhola lebhola le-hockey abagqoka. Kunjengekhasika lomzimba lomzimba. Iphikisana nomzimba futhi ivikela insides yayo noma nini lapho umuntu ethatha ukuwa noma ukuwa.
Ukuwa emhlabathini kungalimaza kakhulu uma izicubu ezingezansi zingekho.
Ibuye ilawula ukushisa komzimba ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa kwangaphakathi alishisa kakhulu noma libandayo kakhulu. Izicubu ezingaphansi kwegazi zibeka umzimba emzimbeni, okuvumela umuntu ukuba ahambe ngaphandle ngosuku olubandayo ngaphandle kokuqhwaza ukufa.
Izicubu ezingezansi ziqala ukuba mncane njengomuntu oneminyaka yobudala. Lolu ungqimba obuthakathaka lwe-insulation lubangela umzimba ukuba ulungele ukuguqula i- hypothermia ngoba izicubu ezincane zenza kube nzima ukufudumala. Ukulahlekelwa kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba kubangela ukuthi umzimba uphuthumele kancane, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlala uphelele. Kungaphinda kuthinte ukusabela komzimba emithini ethile ehlanganiswa nezicubu ezingaphansi.
Ukukhuluma ngokwemvelo, indawo nobukhulu bezincubu ezingaphansi kwehlukile kubulili. Isibonelo, amadoda athambekele ekuqongeleleni izicubu ezingaphansi kwesisu esiswini nasemahlombe, kuyilapho abesifazane bevame ukubuthelela emathangeni, emaceleni nasezintweni.
Injectection engaphansi
Eminye imithi idinga ukujovwa ngaphakathi, njengemivimbo ye-IV. Ezinye zijova ngqo esikhumbeni. Izijovo ezingaphansi komhlaba zisetshenziselwa ukuphatha imithi efana ne- insulin ne- morphine .
Uhlobo oluvamile lwesilwane esingaphansi komzimba yi-epinephrine auto-injector, noma i- EpiPen , ephethe i-anaphylaxis. Njengoba izicubu ezingaphansi kwegazi ziqukethe imithwalo yegazi, imithi ingathathwa ngokushesha, kepha okuqukethwe kwayo kwamafutha aphezulu kuvumela nemithi ukuba ifakwe kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umzimba wonke uqukethe izicubu ezincane; ezinye izingxenye ngaphezu kwamanye. Izingxenye zomzimba ezinokugxila okukhulu kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwegazi zibenza zibe zindawo ezinhle zomjovo. Lezi zingosi zifaka:
- Ingxenye yangaphandle yengalo engenhla
- Ingxenye ephakathi kwesisu
- Ngaphambili kwethanga
- Ingenhla yangemuva
- Ingxenyeni engenhla yamathambo
> Umthombo:
> Izinguquko ezindala esikhumbeni. I-MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004014.htm.
> Subcutaneous (SQ) Izifo. I-MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000430.htm.