Umdlavuza we-throat wuhlobo lomdlavuza ovela ku-pharynx (umphimbo) noma i-larynx, eyaziwa ngokuthi "ibhokisi lezwi." Igama elithi "umdlavuza womphimbo" luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana ezihlukene zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal, umdlavuza we-oropharyngeal, umdlavuza we-hypopharyngeal, kanye ne-cancer ekhululekile engathuthuka emqaleni.
Sibutsetelo
I-Cancer ingaqala noma iyiphi indawo emzimbeni.
Iqala lapho amangqamuzana ekhula ekulawuleni futhi aqoqe amaseli avamile. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthi umzimba usebenze ngendlela okufanele uyenze futhi ubangele izinkinga engxenyeni yomzimba lapho umdlavuza waqala khona.
Izimpawu
Ngenkathi izimpawu zingase zishintshe ngokususelwa endaweni ye-tumor futhi uthayiphe, kufanele ugcine iso:
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
- Kunzima ukugwinya
- Ukuphikelela kwezwi noma ukuhlanza umphimbo njalo
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Lump emqaleni
- Shintsha umsindo wezwi lakho
- Imisindo engavamile yokuphefumula
Uma ubona izimpawu zamasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ukuze ahlole. Izimpawu zesifo azicacile, okusho ukuthi nazo ziyizibonakaliso zezifo eziningi, eziningi zazo ezincane kakhulu kunomdlavuza womphimbo. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziphikisayo, ungazilindeli ukuba zihambe zodwa ngaphambi kokubona udokotela wakho. Ukulibaziseka kungase kube umehluko phakathi kokutholakala kokuqala kwesifo somdlavuza, okungahle kuthinte umphumela wokwelashwa.
Izimpawu zingase zifike futhi zihambe. Ukuphikelela akusho njalo njalo. Isibonelo, ungase ube nesifo somlomo ngesonto, bese uhamba ngezinsuku ezimbalwa, bese ubuya. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimpawu zakho zihlala zihlala njalo noma ziphazamisekile, ukwenza isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho kubalulekile ukulawula izifo ezifana nomdlavuza.
Izimbangela
Nakuba ososayensi abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangelwa umdlavuza we-throat, abacwaningi baye baveza izinkinga eziningana zesifo, kuhlanganise:
- ukubhema
- ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
- I-HPV (i-papillomavirus yabantu ngezocansi ezingavunyelwe ngomlomo)
- ukukhishwa kwe-asbestos
- ukuchayeka kokudla
Ukuxilongwa
Umdlavuza onomdlavuza uvame ukutholakala lapho umuntu efuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngomunye noma ngaphezulu kwezimpawu ezingenhla.
Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezempilo ukuze anqume ukuthi ungabe usengozini yomdlavuza womphimbo. Uma uphethile, noma uma uphuza utshwala, noma uma uneminye imikhuba engase ingabi nempilo empilweni yakho, kubalulekile ukuvumela udokotela wakho wazi. Ngesikhathi engakuxwayisa ngokuthi le mikhuba ingathinta kanjani impilo yakho futhi ikukhuthaze ukuthi umise, akadlulanga isinqumo. Ukwaziswa okunjengokubhema noma ophuza kungasiza udokotela ukuthi ahloniphe izifo ezithile, njengomdlavuza womphimbo.
Khona-ke, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlola ngokomzimba, lapho azozwa khona indawo yomphimbo nganoma yiziphi izigaxa noma ezinye izinto ezingavamile. Uma ezwa ukuthi unomdlavuza noma esinye isifo, ungathunyelwa ku- otolaryngologist , obizwa nangokuthi uchwepheshe we-ENT.
Lolu hlobo lodokotela lugxile ezimweni ezihlobene nezindlebe, impumu, nomphimbo.
Ukuze uthole umbono omuhle wangaphakathi komphimbo, udokotela we-ENT angancoma ukuthi abe ne- laryngoscopy . Ngenkathi le nqubo, umkhawulo omncane, we-fiber-optic udla phansi emqaleni, okuvumela udokotela ukuba abuke ngemuva komnsalo, i-larynx, ne-vocal cords. Ngesikhathi se-laryngoscopy, isampula yamathambo ingathathwa uma kukhona izindawo ezisolayo ezitholakala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-biopsy futhi kungaba ukuqinisekisa noma ukulawula umdlavuza.
Uma umdlavuza utholakala, kuyadingeka ukunquma izinga lomdlavuza. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi isiteji.
Udokotela uzofuna ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze yini kumathisini noma izitho eziseduze. Isigaba somdlavuza womphimbo siyakuthinta ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa ezocelwa yona.
Ukwelapha
Kunezici eziningana ezicatshangelwayo uma kwenziwa uhlelo lwezokwelapha umuntu onomdlavuza womphimbo. Isikhathi somuntu nesezempilo jikelele kubalulekile, kanye nohlobo, isigaba, nendawo yomdlavuza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze yini noma udlala indima enkulu ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu.
Ukwelapha nokwelashwa kwemisebe yindlela ejwayelekile yokwelapha umdlavuza womphimbo. Ukwelashwa kuvame kakhulu kuzo zonke izigaba zomdlavuza womphimbo futhi kungaba nomthelela wokuphefumula ezinkathini zokuqala. Ukwelashwa kungaba okulula njengokusebenzisa i-laser therapy ukususa izicubu zomdlavuza, noma kungase kube nobudlova.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kunikezwa njengokwelapha okuyisisekelo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqedwe noma yikuphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukususa izicubu zomdlavuza ezingenakususwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Abanye abantu abanomdlavuza womphimbo bangase bangene chemotherapy ukuze baphathe lesi sifo. Kuvame ukushiwo ngokubambisana nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa, njengokwelapha kanye / noma ukwelashwa kwemisebe, njenge-neoadjuvant noma i-adjuvant therapy.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerbasics/what-is-cancer
> Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo. I-Cancer - umphimbo noma i-larynx. Kubuyekezwe 28 Feb 2011. Kufinyeleleke ngo-18 Juni 2011.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/article/001042.htm