Izimpawu ze-Extrapyramidal (EPS) yizimpawu ezithuthuka ohlelweni lomzimba wethu lwezinzwa ezibangelwa ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi noma okungalawulwa. Lezo zimpawu zingase zibe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni kufaka isiqu, izingalo, imilenze, izinyawo, intamo, umlomo, namehlo.
Uma ubheka umuntu ophethe i-EPS, kuye ngokuthi iziphi izimpawu, ungabona othile ehamba nomzimba wakhe ophezulu, egwaza unyawo noma umlenze njalo, eshaya izindebe zabo noma eqaqa ulimi lwabo nxazonke.
Ungase uqaphele ukuthi banenkinga yokugcina ukujwayela okujwayelekile noma ukuhamba kahle.
I-extrapyramidal motor system iyinethiwekhi ye-neural etholakala ebuchosheni obandakanyeka ekuxhumaneni nasekulawuleni ukunyakaza kuhlanganise ukuqala nokuyeka ukunyakaza kanye nokulawula indlela okuqinile nokusheshisa ngayo ukunyakaza. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu ze-Extrapyramidal ziyizimpawu ezizibonakalisa njengokuntuleka kokunyakaza okuqondisiwe nokulawulwayo.
Yini eyenza i-EPS?
I-EPS ingenye yemiphumela emibi eminingana yemithi yokulwa ne-antipsychotic . Imishanguzo ye-antipsychotic- njengegama umsindo- ukuphatha (noma, "anti") izinkinga ze-psychotic. Lezi zidakamizwa zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha abantu abane-schizophrenia ababhekene nezinkohliso nokukhohliswa . Baye baqokwa ngokuthi "off-label" (hhayi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okwamkelwa yi-US Food and Drug Administration) kubantu abane- Alzheimer kanye nezinye izinhlobo zesifo sengqondo sokuphefumula komqondo abanezinkinga ezinkulu eziyinselele ezifana nokuhlukunyezwa nokuhlukumezeka okukhulu.
I-EPS ingaqala ngokushesha kakhulu ngemva kokuba imithi yokulwa ne-antipsychotic iqalile noma ingaba nokukhula ngemuva kokuba isidakamizwa sithathwe izinyanga eziningi.
Izimpawu ze-Extrapyramidal zivame ukuvame kakhulu nemithi ejwayelekile yokulwa ne-antipsychotics efana ne-chlorpromazine (i-Thorazine), i-thioridazine (i-Mellaril) ne- haloperidol (i-Haldol) .
Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile azivamile kubantu abathatha ama-antipsychotics amasha asypical astiapine (Seroquel), i-risperidone (Risperdal) ne- olanzapine (iZyprexa) .
Izimpawu ze-Extrapyramidal Side Effects
- Ukunyakaza okungahambelani
- Ukuthuka nokuqina
- Ukuphumula komzimba
- Ama-muscle contractions
- Ubuso obufana nomask
- Ukunyakaza okungahleliwe kweso elibizwa nge-oculogyric crisis
- Kudonsa
- Ukuxhuma
- Ukwandisa izinga lenhliziyo
- Delirium
Ukuqapha izimpawu ze-Extrapyramidal
Uma othile ethola imishanguzo ye-antipsychotic, kufanele ahlolwe njalo nge-EPS. Abanye odokotela bahlolisisa i-EPS ngokusekelwe kumbiko ovela kumuntu noma ilungu lomndeni wakhe, kanye nokubona kwawo lowo muntu. Abanye bathembela ezikalini zokuhlola ezihleliwe ezihloselwe ukuqapha uhlelo lwe-EPS. Izibonelo ezintathu zalezi zilinganiso ziyi-Scale Involuntary Scale Scale (AIMS), i-Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) kanye nohlelo lwe-Identification Dyskinesia: I-Condensed User Scale (DISCUS).
Ukwelashwa Kweminye Izimpawu Ze-Extrapyramidal
Ukubona nokwelapha i-EPS ngokushesha kubaluleke kakhulu. I-EPS ngoba le miphumela emibi ingaba unomphela kwabanye abantu.
Indlela yokuqala yokwelapha izimpawu ze-extrapyramidal eziwumphumela wemithi ye-antipsychotic ihlanganisa ukwehlisa nokuyeka umuthi bese ucabangela imithi ehlukile.
Udokotela wakho anganquma futhi ukulinganisa izingozi nezinzuzo ze-antipsychotic imithi futhi anikeze izidakamizwa ezahlukene ukuze azame ukulwa ne-EPS uma bekuzwakala ukuthi imithi yokwelapha isifo esidinga usizo.
Ukusebenzisa imithi ye-antipsychotic ukuphatha abantu nge- dementia
Ngenxa yemiphumela emibi kakhulu, imishanguzo ye-antipsychotic ngokuvamile ayinconywa njengokwelashwa kokuziphatha okuyinselele kubantu abadala asebekhulile abane-dementia. Izindlela ezingezona izidakamizwa kufanele zibe yindlela yokuqala ekulawuleni lezi zici .
Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu onesifo sengqondo sokucindezeleka acindezelekile ngempela ngoba uhlangabezana nokukhohliswa noma ukucabangela, noma uma ebeka yena noma abanye besengozini ngokuhlukunyezwa okungaqondakali, ukwelashwa nge-antipsychotic kungase kube kufanele.
Ukuqapha i-EPS kanye neminye imiphumela emibi kubaluleke kakhulu- ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sengqondo somzimba weLeby abangenayo ingozi yokubhekana nale mithi.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Geriatrics Society. Umhlahlandlela Wokuphathwa Kwezinkinga Zengqondo Nezimbangela Ze-Neuropsychiatric Ye-Dementia Kubantu Abadala. April 2011.
> Ukuziphendulela kwe-Schizophrenia . Ngo-September 15, 2005. Umqulu 77, Izinkinga 2-3, Amakhasi 119-128. Isilinganiso Esingajwayelekile Sokunyakaza Okungavamile (I-AIMS) kanye ne-Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS): Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezilinganiso Ekuhloleni I-Tardive Dyskinesia.
> University > of Central Florida. Neural Pathways.
-Uhlelwe ngu-Esther Heerema, MSW