Umdlavuza weColon uwuhlobo oluvamile lomdlavuza, futhi isifo sofuba esisifo (IBD) singandisa ingozi yokuphila komdlavuza wekoloni. Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-colon ne-IBD zingafana nokufanayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uthola ushintsho emisebenzini yezinyosi noma ezinye izimpawu ezintsha noma ezingavamile ezihlolwe udokotela.
Izimpawu
Kwezinye izimo, ngesikhathi izimpawu noma izimpawu zomdlavuza we-colon zibonakala, umdlavuza usuqhubekile.
Ngisho nalabo bantu abanengozi encane yomdlavuza wokulala kufanele babe nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ezihlolwe udokotela.
Izimpawu zesifo somdlavuza zihlanganisa:
- Shintsha emikhumeni yemilenze
- Uhudo, ukuqothulwa, noma umuzwa wokuthi isilonda asiyikuyiqeda ngokuphelele
- Ibomvu elibomvu noma elimnyama kakhulu esitokisini
- Izithambile ezinde
- Izinhlungu zegesi, ukubhula, ukugcwala, kanye neziqhwa
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
- Ukukhathala okungapheliyo
- Ukuvota
Izivivinyo zokuhlola
Izivivinyo eziningana zingase zisetshenziselwe ukuxilonga umdlavuza we-colorectal. Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba (okungafaka ukuhlolwa kwe- digital rectal ) nokuhlolwa komlando wezokwelapha jikelele, ezinye izivivinyo eziningana zingenziwa.
I-Sigmoidoscopy . I-sigmoidoscopy iyindlela yokuthi udokotela ahlole ingxenye yesithathu yokugcina amathumbu amakhulu, afaka ikholomu ye-rectum ne-sigmoid. I-tube yokubukeka eguquguqukayo ene-lens kanye nomthombo olula ekugcineni, okuthiwa sigmoidoscope, isetshenziswa. Uma ubukeka ngeso lengubo ngakwesinye ukuphela kwesibalo, udokotela angabona ngaphakathi kwekoloni.
Kuloluhlolo, udokotela angakwazi ukuhlola umdlavuza, ukukhula okungavamile (ama-polyps) nezilonda . Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela futhi kungathatha imizuzu engu-15-30. Kusukela eneminyaka engama-50, i-sigmoidoscopy ivame ukwenza yonke iminyaka engu-3 kuya kweyisihlanu ukuze isibuke umdlavuza obala. Kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokudlavuza umdlavuza ngenxa ye-ulcerative colitis, umlando womndeni we-cancer yombala, noma i-polyposis yomndeni, ukuhlolwa kunganconywa kusukela eminyakeni engu-35.
I-Colonoscopy . I-colonoscopy iyisivivinyo sokuhlola ngaphakathi kwekoloni, engadlula ngalezi zindawo i-sigmoidoscopy engayifinyelela. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa i-colonoscope, okuyi-tube flexible ne-lens, ikhamera encane ye-TV nokukhanya ekupheleni. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-fiber-optic ne-computer computer chip, ikolonoscope ingakwazi ukuskena ngaphakathi kwikholoni iphinde ithumele izithombe esikrinini sevidiyo. Okunamathiselwe ekugcineni kwe-colonoscope kungasetshenziselwa ukuthatha i-biopsy yezicubu ekoloni. Uma i-polyp itholakele, ingasuswa isetshenziswa ngokunamathiselwe kwe-wire loop ku-colonoscope. Zombili izinhlobo ze-biopsies nama-polyps zizothunyelwa ebhokisithri ukuze zihlolwe ngokuqhubekayo. Inqubo ye-colonoscopy ingathatha cishe amahora angu-1/2 futhi isenziwa esibhedlela njengendlela yokuphulukisa iziguli. Ukuze kuhlolwe umdlavuza wekoloni, ikholonoscopy inconywa yonke iminyaka engu-10 emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50 kubantu abangengozini enkulu.
I-Barium Enema I-barium enema (ebizwa nangokuthi uchungechunge oluphansi lwamathumbu) luhlobo oluthile lwe-X-ray olusebenzisa i-barium sulfate nomoya ukuchaza uhlaka lwe-rectum ne-colon. I-Barium sulfate iyimakhemikhali ekhukhulayo ekhombisa ukuthi i-white i-X-ray ifilimu. I-barium inikezwa i-enema, ebizwa ngokuthi 'ibanjwe' ngaphakathi kwekhaloni ngenkathi kuthathwa ama-X ray.
Ukungajwayelekile kwamathumbu kungase kubonakale njengama-silhouettes amnyama noma amaphethini eduze kwamathambo emathumbu emzimbeni we-X. Umoya ungagonywa ekoloni ukuze usize ukuhlaziya uhlaka lwodonga lwamathumbu emathunjini. I-enam ye-barium ingenziwa njengendlela yokuphulukisa iziguli, futhi ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engaba ngu-45. I-enema ingase ingakhathazeki, kodwa i-X-ray ayibuhlungu ngokuphelele. I-enum ye-barium isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ama-polyps (ukukhula okungavamile emithini yamathumbu emathunjini), i-diverticulosis, izicubu, noma ezinye izinto ezingavamile. Kusukela eneminyaka engama-50, i-enema ye-barium inganconywa kanye njalo eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kwengu-10 esikhundleni se-colonoscopy kubantu abangengozini enkulu.
I-Biopsy . I-biopsy yisampula sezinto ezincane zezicubu noma amaseli azohlolwa ebhokisatri. Phakathi ne-colonoscopy, ama-biopsies amaningana (ngayinye ezindaweni ezihlukene kolononi kanye ne-rectum) angathathwa. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga umdlavuza noma ukulinganisela ukuthi umdlavuza usakaze kangakanani. I-biopsy isetshenziselwa ukuthola izingcezu zezicubu ukuba zihlolwe ebhokisatrizi ngezibonakaliso zomdlavuza noma ezinye izifo. Isampula ye-biopsy icwecwe futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope ebhodini. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kungasiza ochwepheshe be-laboratory ukuba abone ukuthi isampula ingavamile yini, ingxenye yesikhumba esingenayo umdlavuza, noma isifo esiwumdlavuza (esibi).
Ikusasa Lokuhlola
Kulabo abathintekayo ekucabangeni kwe-colonoscopy, kunethemba ekugcineni. Ukuhlolwa okusha kuthuthukiswa, kodwa ungasebenzisi lokho njengesizathu sokudlulela kudokotela. Gcina lezo zikhundla ze-colonoscopy! Yindlela engcono kakhulu yokubamba umdlavuza wekolon ekuqaleni. Kuthathwa ngokushesha, umdlavuza wekolon uyaphila.