Ukuxhunyaniswa kweCanscer and Anemia
I-cancer ne-anemia zixhunyaniswe ngezindlela eziningi. Uma unomdlavuza, ungase ube ne-anemia ngenxa yomdlavuza ngokwawo noma ngenxa yokwelashwa komdlavuza, njenge- chemotherapy . Abantu abanomdlavuza bangase bahlakulele i-anemia ngenxa yezizathu ezingekho umdlavuza (ngenxa yokuthi abantu abangenayo umdlavuza bangase bahlakulele i-anemia.) Uma une-anemia kodwa engenayo umdlavuza, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi ufuna umdlavuza njengesisusa.
Ake sibheke izindlela lezi zimo ezimbili ezihlanganisiwe, nokuthi yini okudingeka ukwazi ukuthi ungummeli wakho ekunakekelweni kwezempilo.
Xhumanisa Phakathi Kwe-Colon Nezinye I-Cancers Ehlobene Negazi Ne-Anemia
I-Cancer ne-anemia zixhunywe ngezindlela eziningi. Kulabo abahlukunyezwa ngumdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wekoloni noma umdlavuza ohlobene negazi njengengculaza noma i-lymphoma, i-anemia ingaba yinye yezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo. Uma une-anemia ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo (njengokwelapha okunzima kokuphuma esikhathini) udokotela wakho angakhuluma nawe mayelana nokuhlolwa komdlavuza wekoloni , noma ezinye izivivinyo.
Kubantu abaphila nomdlavuza, kunezimbangela eziningi ze-anemia, kokubili lezo ezihlobene nomdlavuza, kanye nalabo abangathinta noma ubani ongenayo umdlavuza noma ongenayo umdlavuza. Yini okudingeka ukwazi uma ufunda ukuthi une-anemic?
Sibutsetelo se-Anemia
I-anemia yiphutha lamaseli abomvu obomvu noma amandla abo okuthutha oksijini. I-anemia ayitholakali, kodwa kunalokho isifo esinamabangela amaningi.
Kungabangela izimo ezithinta amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ngokuqondile, noma esikhundleni salokho kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi. I-Hemoglobin iyinhlangano ye-molecule enezinsimbi ngaphakathi kwamaseli akho abomvu egazi abasebenza ukunamathisela nokuthutha i-oxygen ezicukheni zakho.
Uma une-anemia (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani lakho elibomvu lamasosha egazi liphansi noma i-hemoglobin emangqamuzaneni akho abomvu aphansi) unomthamo oncishisiwe wokuletha i-oxygen emathisini emzimbeni wakho.
Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukuphefumula, nokungazi kahle uma i-anemia yakho inzima.
Izimbangela Ezingenzeka Zomkhuhlane Wegazi Lokungenawo Noma Ngaphandle Kwekhanda
Ezinye zezimbangela ezikhona ze-anemia zihlanganisa
- Ukulahleka kwegazi - Ukulahleka kwegazi okuholela ekudleni kwegazi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi elikhulu (njengokuhlinzwa, ukuya esikhathini noma engozini yemoto) noma ukulahlekelwa okungapheli kwamanani amancane wegazi (njengama-polyps nama-tumor i-digestive tract, izilonda, noma ngisho nama-hemorrhoids.) Ukulahleka kwegazi kungase kube okulinganayo kodwa kunomzimba omkhulu wokukwazi ukuqhubeka nokulahleka njengoba kubonakala njalo phakathi kwabesifazane abanezinkinga ezinzima zokuya esikhathini.
- Ukuntula okunomsoco - Ukudla okungekho kokudla okunezinsimbi kungabangela ukuntuleka kwe-anemia yensimbi, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abahlala njalo esikhathini. Ukudla okungenalutho ku-vitamin B12 kungabangela ukutholakala kwegazi okuvezwa ngamaseli amakhulu abomvu aphuzi (i-anemia ephazamisayo.) Ukuntuleka kwe-Folate kungadala futhi ku-anemia.
- Izifo ezingapheli - Izimo eziningi zezokwelapha, ezifana nesifo esingenasifo sezinso zingabangela i-anemia lapho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu engekho amancane (njengokuntuleka kwe-anemia) noma inkulu (njengase- anemia engavamile .) Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi i- anemia ye-chronic izifo .
- Ukungakwazi ukuthatha insimbi oyidlayo - I-Malabsorption ingaba yimbangela yezifo ezingenasifo zamathumbu, ezifana ne-Crohn's, noma umphumela wesifo sohudo esingapheli (umzimba wakho awukwazi ukuthatha insimbi ngokushesha.)
- Ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu - Izimo ezinjenge- autoemmune i-hemolytic anemia zingaholela ekubhujisweni kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu kungenzeka kubantu abangenayo umdlavuza kodwa ikakhulukazi kubantu abano-lymphomas. Kunezidakamizwa eziningana ezingabangela i -hemolytic anemia ezibangelwa izidakamizwa ezibandakanya amanye ama-antibiotic.
Izimbangela ze-Anemia ezihlobene neCanscer
Izimbangela ze-anemia ezihlobene nomdlavuza (noma ngenxa yomdlavuza uqobo noma ngenxa yokwelashwa komdlavuza zihlanganisa:
- Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo e-Bone - Ezinye ze-khansa, ezifana ne-lymphomas noma i-metastases ezivela emdlalweni wesifuba zingangena emnothweni wethambo futhi zithathele amangqamuzana omnyo wethambo enza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.
- I-anemia eyenziwa yi-chemotherapy (bheka ngezansi)
- Amanothi aphezulu ama-cytokines ahlobene namanye amagciwane anganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu asematheni.
- Shintsha ekudleni - I-Cancer ngokwayo ingabangela ukufisa okungalambanga okungabangela ukungapheli okunomsoco okuholela ekudleni kwegazi. Ngaphezu kokuthinta umongo we-bone, i-chemotherapy ingabangela izimpawu ezifana nezilonda zomlomo , izinguquko zokunambitheka , nokulahlekelwa ukudla okungaholela ekudleni kwegazi.
- I-hemolytic anemia (njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla)
I-anemia ngenxa ye-Chemotherapy
I-Chemotherapy iyimbangela evamile ye-anemia kubantu abanomdlavuza, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngezidakamizwa eziningi ezivame ukusetshenziswa. I-Chemotherapy ihlasela wonke amangqamuzana akhula ngokushesha, hhayi nje amangqamuzana omdlavuza, namaseli asemnkantsheni osetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, amaseli abomvu, nama-plaletthi amanye amaseli ahlukanisa ngokushesha kakhulu emzimbeni. Ukubala kwegazi kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokukhipha kwamakhemikhali ngamunye, futhi uma inani elibomvu legazi seliphansi kakhulu, i-chemotherapy ingadinga ukubambezeleka. Abanye abantu abanomdlavuza baphathwa ngemithi ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu ukuze i-chemotherapy iqhubeke nokunikezwa.
Esifundweni sika-2016, amaphesenti angu-90 abantu abathola i-chemotherapy yezifo eziqinile babonakala benesifo segazi.
I-Anemia neCaron Cancer
Ukuntuleka kwe-iron kungaba yizimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wekoloni. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlangothi olungakwesokudla kololon yakho lukude kakhulu ne-rectum yakho, igazi esitokisini sinesikhathi sokungcolisa futhi cishe ngeke sibonakale ngesikhathi usidlulisela ekuhambeni kwesisu. Izicubu ezinkulu kule ngxenye yekoloni zingaqhubeka nokuphuma kancane kancane, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuyobonakala kubalimi begazi eliphansi. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-anemia njengesignali yomdlavuza wekoloni .
Kwesinye isifundo, amaphesenti angu-6 abantu abhekiselwa emtholampilo ngenxa yokuntula i-anemia yensimbi atholakale enomdlavuza wekoloni. Kulaba bantu, iningi lamakhansela lalingaphakathi kolononi efanele. I-anemia ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa ngomdlavuza wekoloni yayixhunyaniswe nokuhlaselwa okubi esikhathini esedlule, kodwa lokhu akubonakali kube yilokho ocwaningweni lwamuva.
Izimpawu ze-Anemia
I-anemia ingase ihambisane nezimpawu ezibonisa ukwehluleka komzimba wamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, okufaka:
- Ukuzwa buthaka noma ukhathele sonke isikhathi
- Ukuphefumula (akuhlobene nomlando we-asthma noma isimo senhliziyo)
- Ukwenyuka okukhudlwana ukutheleleka
- Izandla noma izinyawo ezibandayo
- I-Pallor (okulula kakhulu ukubona emabhukwini amancane)
- I-Pica (ezwa isidingo sokudla izinto ezingasetshenziswanga njengokudla, njengokungcola)
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekene nesifo esibangwa nesifo.
Uma unesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma unomlando womndeni owaziwayo womdlavuza wekolon, ungalibali ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Anemia
I-anemia itholakala ekubaleni kwegazi okuphelele lapho kubalwa khona inani elincane elibomvu legazi noma amazinga aphansi e-hemoglobin.
- Ukubala kwesibalo segazi elibomvu - Ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ku-4.32 kuya ku-5.72 cells / L ngamadoda kanye namamitha angu-3,90 t0 5.03 trillion / L kwabesifazane.
- I-Hemoglobin - I-hemoglobin level engaphansi kuka 13.5 amagremu / 100 ml emadodeni noma 12.0 amagremu / 100 ml kwabesifazane kubhekwa njengephansi.
- Hematocrit - I-hematocrit evamile ngamaphesenti angu-42 kuya kwangu-54 emadodeni namaphesenti angu-38 kuya kwangu-46 kwabesifazane.
Ngaphezu kwamazinga, odokotela babheka ezinye izivivinyo zelabhu ukuze bafunde kabanzi mayelana nezimbangela ezingase zibe khona ze-anemia. Ezinye zazo zihlanganisa:
- I-MCV (ivolumu yomsindo) - I-MCV inikeza ulwazi mayelana nobukhulu bamaseli abomvu obomvu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okuvamile, okuncane (njengokuntuleka kwensimbi) noma okukhulu (njengokungalahleki nokuntuleka kwe-B12.)
- I-RDW (ububanzi besabelomali bokusabalalisa obomvu) - I-RDW inikeza ulwazi olubanzi ngobukhulu bamaseli abomvu obomvu.
- I-MCHC (i-concentration of hemoglobin corpuscular concentration) - I-MCHC inikeza ulwazi olubanzi mayelana nokuma kwamaseli abomvu egazi.
Ukwelashwa Kwe-Anemia Ngomdlavuza
Njengoba kuphawuliwe, uma imbangela ye-anemia ingaziwa kumuntu ongenomdlavuza, ukuhlola ukulawula umdlavuza, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wekoloni kanye ne-khansa ehambisana negazi kungacatshangwa, kuye ngokuthi izici zihlanganisa iminyaka yobudala nokuningi.
Ukwelapha i-anemia kubantu abanomdlavuza kuhlanganisa izinyathelo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Okokuqala ukwelashwa kwesizathu esiyinhloko sokwehla kwesifo segazi, okungase ngaso sonke isikhathi sikhiphe imbangela. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe futhi ekwelapheni i-anemia ngokwayo, ikakhulukazi uma ibangela izimpawu noma ithuthuke ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa kwesizathu esiyinhloko - Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia kuyoxhomeka esibangelwa imbangela, njengoba kuphawuliwe, kungaba izinto eziningi ezihlukene. Ukuze uthole i-anemia ekhishwa ngamakhemikhali, ukukhushulwa kwakho okulandelayo kungadingeka ukuba kukhanseliwe noma kubambezeleke kuze kube yilapho ukubala kwakho sekukhulile. Uma umdlavuza wakho uhlasela umongo wakho, ukwelashwa okubhekene nomdlavuza emangeni lakho kuyakuba yisinyathelo sokuqala.
Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia - Imithi ekhethekile ye-anemia ingafaka:
- Uma i-anemia yakho ibumnene, ukudla ukudla okune-iron kuphela kungase kuwanele. Kuthatha isikhathi esithile (ngokulandelana kwezinyanga) ukubuyisela isibalo sakho esibomvu segazi ngale ndlela kuphela. Ukudla okune-Iron okungenza izinqumo ezinhle kufaka phakathi isibindi (inkukhu noma inyama yenkomo), inyama ebomvu, okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okunezinsimbi, kanye nemifino.
- Izithako ze-Iron - Izithako ze-Iron zingahle zibekiwe, kodwa zithathe lokhu kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ucwaningo lwamuva luveza ukuthi izinsimbi ezinamandla zingasiza kakhulu kwabanye abantu abane-anemia ngenxa yomdlavuza. Ngeshwa, eziningi zalezi zilungiselelo ziyaziqeda, futhi udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uqale isitoreji esitokisini ngesikhathi esifanayo.
- Ukumpontshelwa igazi kuyindlela yokwandisa ngokushesha inani lakho elibomvu legazi futhi ngokuvamile lisetshenziswe uma i-anemia yakho ibangela izimpawu ezibalulekile.
- Imithi yokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu ebomvu lakho. Izidakamizwa Ezibhalisiwe noma i-Epogen (i-epoetin alfa) noma i-Aranesp (i-darbepoetin alfa) zifana nezinhlanganisela ezenziwe imizimba yethu ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwegazi elibomvu.
- Ngezinye izikhathi ama-steroids asetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-anemia ye-hemolytic ne-lymphomas.
Ukubhekana Ne-Anemia Ngomdlavuza
I-anemia ingaba nzima ukubhekana nayo, ikakhulukazi ukukhathala okuphumela. Nakuba ukukhathala akuyona eyingozi kowodwa, abantu abaningi bathola ukukhathala komdlavuza ukuba kube esinye sezibonakaliso ezidabukisayo kakhulu zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza.
Ezinye izinyathelo ezilula zingasiza njengoba i-anemia yakho ihlolwa futhi iphathwa. Ukuma noma ukuhlezi kancane kancane kungasiza ekugwemeni ukuxoshwa kwe-orthostatic noma ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi okungabangela ekukhanyeni noma "ukumnyama" uma usuka ekulaleni ukuya esimweni sokuma ngokushesha kakhulu.
Ukuzibekela usuku lonke futhi izinto ezibekwe phambili zibuye zisize, njengokufunda ukucela usizo. Ukudla kahle futhi uqiniseke ukuthi u-hydrated kubalulekile kokubili ukukhulelwa kwegazi kanye nokubhekana nomdlavuza uqobo.
> Imithombo:
> DeLoughery, T. Ukuntuleka Kwe-Iron Anemia. Imitholampilo Yezokwelapha eNyakatho Melika . 2017. 101 (2): 319-332.
> Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Izimiso zikaHarrison zeMithi yangaphakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.
> Lebrun, F., Klastersky, J., Levacq, D., Wissam, Y., noM. Paesmanns. Izidakamizwa ze-Iron Intervenous for the Anemic Cancer Iziguli: Ukubuyekezwa Kwezinguquko Zamuva Ezishicilelwe. Ukondla Ukusekela Ekhanda . 2017. 25 (7): 2313-2319.