Yeka ukuthi lezi amangqamuzana zibalulekile kanjani ekutholeni izifo
Ku-biology nakwezokwelapha, isixhumi "-kuqhuma" kubhekisela kumasethini amancane aziwa njengama cell precursor noma ama-stem cells. Ungaba nokuqhuma okwenzela zonke izinhlobo zamaseli akhethekile ahlukene. Isibonelo, ama-neuroblasts adala amangqamuzana omzimba wegazi kanye nama-angioblasts adala ama-fat cells. Njengoba nje amangqamuzana anesisindo namafutha avela emangqamuzaneni amancane angaphambili, amangqamuzana egazi abuye avela emangqamuzaneni angama-blood forming, noma ukuqhuma, emnothweni wethambo.
Amaseli egazi aqhutshwa njalo ukuze athathe isikhundla salabo asebekhulile noma bephelile.
Ngakho-ke, kungani kubalulekile ukwazi mayelana nokuqhuma? Ngokuyinhloko, umongo we-bone umonakalo?
Sonke sinokuqhuma. Eqinisweni, saqala ukuqhuma, i-blastocyst ibe yinto eqondile - i-jumble yamaseli ahlukanisa izikhathi ezifanele ukuba abe umbungu. Isihluthulelo sokwazi ukuthi ukubonakala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuqhuma ezindaweni ezingalindelekile zomzimba noma ukuthuthukiswa kokuqhuma okungavamile kungabonakalisa izifo noma umdlavuza.
Ama-Bone Marrow Blast Amaseli
Emanzini omuthi onempilo, amangqamuzana egazi aziwa ngokuthi ama- hematopoietic stem amaseli ahlakulela abe amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amaseli egazi amhlophe, namaplatelet ngenqubo ebizwa nge- hematopoiesis . Le nqubo ibonakala kuyo yonke impilo yakho. I-stem cell ikhetha indlela yayo yentuthuko ibe yimizila emibili yeseli, umugqa weseli lymphoid noma umzila weseli myeloid . Emgqeni wamaseli we-myeloid, igama elithi "ukuqhuma iseli" libhekisela emisebhisini noma ukuqhuma kwe-myeloid.
Lezi yizona zinsana zokuqala futhi eziningi ezinomzimba omncane we-myeloid cell line.
Nakuba amangqamuzana omgqa weselula we-myeloid akha amaphesenti angaba ngu-85 wamaseli emnkantsheni wamathambo, ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-5 emnothweni wethambo kufanele aqhume amaseli.
I-myeloblasts iphakamisa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi . Lo mndeni wamangqamuzana amhlophe wegazi kuhlanganisa i-neutrophils, ama-eosinophil, ama- basophil kanye nama-monocytes, nama-macrophages.
Ukuba khona kwalezi myeloblasts ezitholakala egazini kungaba uphawu olubalulekile lwezifo ezithile ezifana ne-lemonemic myelogenous kanye ne-myelodysplastic syndromes.
Izinkinga ze-Myeloblast
Uma kwenzeka i-myelogenous leukemia (AML) ne- myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) , kune-overproduction ye-myeloblasts engavamile. Lawa maseli akakwazi ukuthuthukisa amanye amangqamuzana wegazi elimhlophe.
I-myeloid leukemia enamandla kakhulu uhlobo lomdlavuza ohamba ngamanye amagama amaningana, njenge-acute myelocytic leukemia, i-acute myelogenous leukemia, i-acute granulocytic leukemia, i-leukemia engeyona i-lymphocytic, noma ngezinye izikhathi nje i-AML. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile. Amacala amaningi e-AML athuthuka kusuka kumaseli angaba ngamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ngaphandle kwe-lymphocytes, noma kunjalo, amanye amacala we-AML athuthukiswa kwezinye izinhlobo zamaseli okwenza igazi.
I-Myelodysplastic syndrome yiqembu lezinkinga ezichaphazela ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli amasha egazi emnothweni wethambo. Kulezi zifo, umnkantsha wethambo uveza amangqamuzana angavamile okwehluleka ukuvuthwa kahle futhi akakwazi ukusebenza.
Lezi zibhamu ezingavamile ziqala ukuthatha umnkantsha wamathambo futhi zivimbele ukukhiqizwa kwezinombolo ezanele zezinye izinhlobo zamaseli egazi, njengeplatelet, amaseli egazi abomvu, namaseli amhlophe ahlanzekile egazi.
Eqinisweni, ukukhiqizwa kokuqhuma kwesifo sikashukela kungase kutholakale kalula kangangokuthi amangqamuzana amancane aphuma emthonjeni wamathambo abe esakazweni. Ukutholakala kwamagciwane amangqamuzana ephelele egazi (CBC) ngakho-ke kuyasolisa kakhulu i-leukemia. Amaseli okuqhuma awavamile ukuthola igazi elijikelezayo labantu abanempilo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Ngabe i-Acute Myeloid Leukemia ihlukaniswe kanjani? Ngo-February 22, 2016.
> Larson RA, Le Beau MM. Ukubikezela kanye nokuTherapy Uma i-Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Nezinye Eziwodwa "Ingozi Enhle" I-Acute Myeloid Leukemia Yenza I-Myeloid Neoplasm Ehlobene Nezokwelapha. I-Mediterranean Journal ye-Hematology nezifo ezithathelwanayo . 2011; 3 (1): e2011032.
> Zahid MF, Parnes A, Savani BN, Litzow MR, Hashmi SK. Amaphilisi ahlobene nemithi-myeloid ehlobene nokwelashwa - yini esiyifunde kuze kube manje? I-World Journal yama-Stem Cell . 2016; 8 (8): 231-242.
Ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kwe-Hematopoiesis kanye ne-immunology: Impendulo ye-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Abamukeli "e-Ezzone, S. (2004) Ukufakelwa kwe-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Umhlahlandlela Wokunakekela Abahlengikazi Inhlangano Yezobuhlengikazi: Pittsburgh, PA (pp.1- 12).