Ukubuyekezwa Kwezimpawu, Ukuxilongwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Thrombocytopenia
Incazelo
I-Thrombocytopenia yigama lezokwelapha ukuchaza inani eliphansi leplatelet. Ama-platelet angomunye wamaseli ethu egazi futhi umsebenzi wabo ukusiza ukuba siyeke ukuphuma. I-Thrombocytopenia ichazwa njenge-platelet count ngaphansi kuka-150,000 amaseli / mL, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uneminyaka yakho.
Izimpawu
Ngenxa yokuthi amaplatelets abalulekile ekunqandeni ukuphuma, izimpawu nezimpawu zihlobene nengozi yokukhuphuka kwegazi.
Uma i-thrombocytopenia yakho ilula ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu. I-lower platelet count yakho yilapho, cishe kuyodingeka uchithe igazi.
I-Nosebleeds
Ukuhlwitha kusuka ezinsini
Igazi emcintini noma esitokisini
I-blood blisters emlonyeni okuthiwa i-purpura
Ukulimala kalula
Amachashazi amancane alubomvu afana nokushona okubizwa ngokuthi i-petechiae
Izimbangela
Kunezimbangela eziningi ze-thrombocytopenia kubandakanya iphutha le-laboratory. Ezinye izimbangela zesikhashana futhi zingase zixazulule ukwelashwa kanti ezinye zidinga ukwelashwa okuphelele.
Ama-Virus: Ngenkathi izifo ezithathelwana ngegciwane lakho lomnkantsha wamathambo lingenza okwesikhashana amaplatele amancane; lokhu kubizwa ukucindezelwa kwegciwane. Uma igciwane lisuswa emzimbeni, umnyofu wethambo ungaqhubeka nokukhiqizwa okujwayelekile.
Imithi: Imithi ethile ingavimbela ikhono lomzimba lokwenza amaplatele noma ukwenza ama-antibodies abhubhise amaplatelet. Uhlu lwemithi edala i-thrombocytopenia lude futhi lubandakanya ama-antibiotics (i-vancomycin, i-trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole, i-rifampin, nabanye), i-ranitidine (i-Zantac), imithi ephatha imilaria, ne-valproic acid (imithi yokulwa nokuthumba). Ngenhlanhla, iningi labantu abathola le mithi ngeke lihlakulele i-thrombocytopenia.
I-thrombocytopenia ye-Immune : Lesi yisimo lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sishintsha futhi sibhubhisa amaplatelet uma kungadingeki.
Ukuhlukumeza: Ezinye zegciwane, ikakhulukazi i-leukemia, zingabangela ukuncipha kwenani leplatelet. Lokhu ngokuvamile ngoba umdlavuza uthatha isikhala emangeni lomthambo ovimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamaplatelets amasha.
I-Chemotherapy: Iningi le-chemotherapy lisebenza ngokuhlasela amaseli ahlukanisa ngokushesha njengama-cell cell. Ngeshwa, amangqamuzana ethu egazi avela ngokuhlukanisa ngokushesha amangqamuzana emnkantsheni wamathambo futhi uma ewonakele awukwazi ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi amasha okwesikhashana. Wonke amaseli egazi amathathu angathinteka; lokhu kubizwa nge-pancytopenia.
I-aplastic anemia : I-anemia ye-aplastiki yisimo lapho umnkantsha we-bone ungeke wenze amangqamuzana egazi ngokujwayelekile okungabangela ukuqhuma kwe-thrombocytopenia.
I-thrombocytopenia ezuzwe ngefa: Kunezimo ezizuze njengefa njengeBernard Soulier nezifo ezihlobene ne-MYH9 eziholela ekutheni isifo se-thrombocytopenia sesibili sibe sesiguquko sezakhi zofuzo.
I-splenomegaly: Ingxenye yamaplatelet ethu agcinwa esitezini sethu, isitho esimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela. Uma i-spleen ikhula, amapleletthi amaningi aphethwe ngengubo edala i-thrombocytopenia. I-splenomegaly ingabangelwa izimo eziningi ezibandakanya ukucindezeleka komzimba noma i-spherocytosis yefa.
I-purpura ye-Thrombotic thrombocytopenic: Lesi simo esitholakala kakhulu kubantu abadala abadala kubangela ama-clots amancane ukuba ayenze emithanjeni yegazi echitha amaplatelet namaseli abomvu egazi.
Ukukhulelwa: I-Thrombocytopenia ingenzeka ngaphezu kwezingu-5% zokukhulelwa okuvamile noma kungaba umphumela we-pre-eclampsia.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Thrombocytopenia ekuqaleni ixilongwa nge-total count count (CBC). Lokhu kungadonselwa njengengxenye yokuhlola ngokomzimba wonyaka noma ngenxa yokuthi ufika kudokotela wakho ngezimpawu zokuphuza. Ukunquma imbangela ye-thrombocytopenia yakho udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuthumela ama-lab. Lokhu kuzofaka phakathi i-peripheral blood smear lapho amangqamuzana egazi ahlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ukubonakala kwamaplatelets kungabonisa imbangela ethile yebala eliphansi leplatelet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ezihlola umsebenzi wamaplatelet, njengeplatelet aggregometry, zingasiza ekutholeni imbangela ye-thrombocytopenia.
Kungase kudingeke uthunyelwe ku-hematologist (udokotela wegazi) ukuthola ukuthi kungani imbangela yakho ye-thrombocytopenia.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwakho kunqunywa ukuqina kwempawu zakho zokuphuma kwegazi kanye nesibindi se-thrombocytopenia. Zonke iziguli ezine-thrombocytopenia kufanele zigweme i-aspirin noma izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala (i-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen njengoba le mithi yehlisa umsebenzi weplatelet kanye nekhono lokwenza i-clot.
- Ayikho: Uma i-thrombocytopenia yakho ilula noma uma ungenayo i-bleeding esebenzayo, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Uma i-thrombocytopenia yakho icatshangwa ukuthi iyesibili ekutheleleni kwesandulela ngculazi yakho inani lakho leplatelet lingabuyekezwa izikhathi eziningi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi libuyela ejwayelekile.
- Ukumpontshelwa kweplatelet: i-thrombocytopenia yesikhashana, njengoba kubonwe ngesikhathi sokukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy, ingelashwa ngamaphilisi e-platelet. Ukumpontshelwa kweplatelet kusetshenziselwa njalo uma unesifo esiphuthumayo nge-thrombocytopenia.
- Ukuyeka imishanguzo: Uma i-thrombocytopenia yakho ingumphumela wemithi, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoyeka leyo mithi. Lona umdlalo wokulinganisela. Uma isimo sakho (njengokuthinteka) silawulwa kahle emithi kanye ne-thrombocytopenia yakho ithambile, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzoqhubeka nale mithi.
- Imithi: Uma i-thrombocytopenia yakho ingumphumela we-immune thrombocytopenia (i-ITP), ungase uphathe imithi ngemithi efana ne-steroids, i-immunoglobulin (IVIg), noma i-anti-D immune globulin.
- I-splenectomy: Ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-thrombocytopenia, i-spleen yindawo eyinhloko yokubhujiswa kwamaplatelet noma ukugoba amaplatelets. I-Splenectomy, ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-spleen, kungase kuthuthukise isibalo sakho seplatelet.
- Ukushintshaniswa kwe-plasma: I-Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) iphathwa nge-plasma exchange. Kule nqubo i-plasma yakho (ingxenye egazini yegazi) isusiwe nge-IV futhi ishintshwe nge-plasma efriziwe efriziwe.
Izwi elivela
Ukweqa kungaba uphawu oluvalo. Uma unegazi elingavamile noma elide, xoxani nokukhathazeka kwakho nodokotela wakho ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi ofanelekile futhi ukwelashwa kuqaliswe uma kudingekile.
> Umthombo:
> UGeorge JN no-Arnold DM. (2017). Indlela eya kumuntu omdala nge-thrombocytopenia. Ku-TW Post, uLLK Leung, noJS Tirnauer (eds.) UpToDate .