I-rhinitis ye-allergen ehlala isikhathi eside isifo esingelapheki esingagculiseki unyaka wonke futhi sibangele ukungqubuzana kwamanzi kanye nekhala eligijima. Ungase uzizwe unomkhuhlane unomphela ongayikuhamba. Izidakamizwa ezinotshani yizona ezivame ukwanda kwe-rhinitis ye-allergen kodwa zingabangelwa yinoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okukhona unyaka wonke. Ezinye izimbangela ezivame kakhulu yizinja nezinja.
Ukuvama
Ukusabalala kwangempela kwe-rhinitis ye-allergenic engapheli kungase ibe phansi, njengoba lesi simo singase singatholakali. Lapho eseyingane, abafana banamathuba amaningi kunamantombazane okubhekana nesifo sofuba esingapheli, kodwa, lapho bekhulile, ukwehlukana kobulili kuyadlala. Nakuba ukusabalala kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ucwaningo olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lungaba phezulu (kufika kumaphesenti angu-23 wabantu).
Ungase uthole ukuthi unezinye izinkinga uma uhlushwa yi-rhinitis ye-allergenic. I-asthma ingenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ongase uzizwe. Lezi zinye izimo zingase zihlale zikhona ne-rhinitis ye-allergen ehlala njalo:
- i-otitis media
- i-eustachian tube ukungasebenzi
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- ukufunda ukukhubazeka
- ukukhathala
- i-conjunctivitis ye-allergen
Uma ukushiywa okungenakutholakali noma okungaphenduliwe okungajwayelekile kungabangela ezinye izimo ezifana nesifo esingapheliyo se- septum , noma ukukhula okungavamile okufana nama-polyps emigodini noma emasimini.
Izimpawu
Ukuvuvukala kwesisindo uphawu oluphawulekayo lwe-rhinitis ye-allergen. Ungase ube nenye noma inhlanganisela yalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi noma ukunyuka
- itching
- ikhala eligijima
- ukuxubana
Ukuze kucatshangwe ngempela ukuthi i-rhinitis ye-allergen isetshenziswa njalo, lezi zimpawu kumele zibe khona ihora noma ngaphezulu ngosuku ngalunye lwezinyanga ezingu-12.
Uma isimo sakho sithuthukile ku-sinusitis noma ukukhula kwezicubu ezingavamile ungase ubone lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ikhanda
- ubuhlungu bokubukeka noma ukugcwala
- ukukhathala
- umoya omubi
- amazinyo
- Iphunga lakho eligijima lingase libe iphunga elimnandi noma umbala ongajwayelekile
- ukudonsa ngemuva
- umqondo owehla wephunga
Ukuxilongwa
I-rhinitis ye-allergen engapheli ingahlolwa ngudokotela oyinhloko kodwa ungase utholakale kangcono ngudokotela obhekene nokukhathazeka kwendlebe, impumu, nomphimbo (i-otolaryngologist). Udokotela wakho uzokukhuluma ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi akubuze mayelana nezimpawu ozizwayo. Ungabuye ubuzwe mayelana nezinto ocabanga ukuthi zingabangela izimpawu zakho, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho.
Lokhu kungalandelwa ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi, izindlebe zakho, impumu, nomphimbo zizohlolwa ngezimo ezifana ne-septum ephukile noma ewuketshezi ezindlebeni . Uma, ngemuva komlando wakho kanye nomzimba wakho, udokotela wakho usola ukuthi i-rhinitis ye-allergen ihlala isikhathi eside ezinye zezivivinyo zokuhlola ezilandelayo zingalawulwa:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma isikhumba ukuze kutholakale izifo ezithile
- I-CT noma i-MRI ihlose ukubuka isifo esingapheli sinusitis, ama-polp nasal, njll ...
Ukwelapha
Izinketho eziningi zokwelashwa zikhona ekulawulweni kwe-rhinitis ye-allergen.
Uma kutholakala ukubhema kwezifo ezithile, ukugwema i-substance oyigciwane kungase kube usizo ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho. Ungase ufune ukusebenza ekunciphiseni ukusabalalisa kwama-allergen ekhaya lakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungase ufune ukuzama:
- engeza i-dehumidifier (uma uthola izidakamizwa ezidakeni)
- ukulahla izilwane ezifuywayo noma ukunciphisa ukufinyelela kwabo ezindlini zokulala
- ukuhlanza njalo
- ukuhlanza ngokujulile okuhlanziwe ngokuhlanza imoto, ukuhlanza imfucuza, noma ukuhlanza okomile noma okungcono okwakhiwe esikhundleni se-carpet ngolunye uhlobo lwe-flooring
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuqeda izifo ezivela ekhaya noma imvelo yakho, imithi noma i- immunotherapy kungaba yindlela ongakhetha ngayo yokwelapha imithi.
Imithi ejwayelekile esetshenziselwa ukulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ihlanganisa ama-antihistamine alandelayo:
- i-diphenhydramine
- cetirizine hydrochloride
- i-loratadine
- fexofenadine
Nakuba lezi mithi zitholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter kufanele zisetshenziswe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa nodokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi udokotela wakho noma ummithi uyakwazi yonke imithi oyithathayo ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisana futhi ubazise nganoma yikuphi ukulimala kwemithi okungenzeka ube nayo. Ama-antihistamine amadala afana ne-diphenhydramine ayaziwa ngokubambazela.
I-Immunotherapy, noma ukudubula kwamagciwane, kungaba yindlela yokukhetha abantu abathile abane-rhinitis yokugula engapheli. I-Immunotherapy yindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside efaka phakathi ukunikeza imali encane yezinto eziyingozi ozoyiphakamisa futhi kancane kancane ukwandisa inani owanikwa ngalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungashintsha impendulo yomzimba wakho emzimbeni kulowo mzimba. Ayitholakali kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane futhi kungaba yinkqubo echitha isikhathi kusukela okungenani umthamo wokuqala, futhi okujwayelekile okulandelwayo okulandelayo, kudinga ukunikezwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwezokwelapha.
Ukushisa kokungabi namagciwane ngokuvamile akusetshenzisiwe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5. Impendulo yakho ekubhekaneni nezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ingashintsha futhi ingahle ihluke ekuphulukiseni okuphelele kwezibonakaliso zakho kungabi nhlobo impendulo. Ngokuvamile, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kuzuzisa futhi kuphumelele.
Ngaphandle kwama-antihistamine wokulawula izifo zakho, ezinye imithi ingasetshenziswa ukulawula izimpawu. Eziningi zala mithi ziyatholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter futhi zingabandakanya ama-decongestants kanye nama-spray.
I-intranasal steroids isetshenziswa kaningi ngaphezu kwama-antihistamine. I-steroid nasal sprays, kuhlanganise ne-oxymetazoline, ingahlotshaniswa nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuxubana okuphazamisayo (okubizwa nangokuthi umlutha we-spray) lapho usetshenziswa isikhathi eside kunosuku ezintathu. Amanye ama-nasal sprays kadokotela awuncane amathuba okubangela ukuhlanganiswa okuvukelayo. Kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlanganiswa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nezinketho zakho zokudonswa kwama-nasal.
Ukunisela okumanzi usebenzisa ibhodlela le- neti kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zomzimba ezibandakanya ukungqubuzana. I-humidifier ingase ibe nenzuzo ekusizeni ngokuxubana, noma kunjalo, uma uthola izifo ezitsheni ezidakayo kufanele uqaphele ukuthi amazinga aphezulu okumswakama angandisa inani lezinhlayiya ezithandwayo endaweni yakho.
Uma isimo sakho sithuthukile ukuba sibe nesifo esingapheliyo noma uma unesimo esingalungile esinjenge-septum noma i-polyp nasps zokwelashwa ezengeziwe kungadingeka. Nakuba ama-antibiotic ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo esingapheli lesi simo ngokuvamile sidinga ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma une-septum ephukile, ama-turbinates akhulisiwe, noma ama-polyp nasal. Ukuhlinzeka ngesono se-nasal kuvamile e-United States futhi kuvame ukuqhutshelwa isikhathi esingapheli ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okufanayo ngosuku.
Izwi elivela
I-rhinitis ye-allergen ehlala isikhathi eside isifo esingapheli esingasalashwa singabangela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemiphumela emibi. Isinyathelo sokuqala empilweni yakho kufanele kube ukuzama nokuqeda izifo ezivela ekhaya lakho. Uma usengaphumeleli ekutholeni isinqumo kusuka ku-allergies yakho, khona-ke imithi echazwe ngenhla ingasiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni izimpawu zakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-allergenic Rhinitis. Iwebhusayithi yeMedscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-kubukezwa kabusha. Kubuyekezwe uNgo 15, 2017.
> Ukungezwani komzimba (Immunology). I-American Academy Yokuguqulwa Kwesifo Sokuzivocavoca Ne-Immunology. > https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/treatments/allergy-shots-(immunotherapy)
> IsiSinusitis Esingapheliyo. Iwebhusayithi yeMedscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/232791- ukubukwa kabusha. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Ephreli 21, 2017.
> Saleh, HA & Durham, SR. (2007). Rhinitis engapheli. BMJ 335.