Isiyaluyalu Esiyinkimbinkimbi Esiyinhloko esibangela Izinkinga Zokuphefumula
I-Kartagener syndrome, iyisifo esingavamile kakhulu esiyilungu elibangelwa ukukhubazeka emajeni . Kuyi- autosomal ngokweqile , okusho ukuthi kwenzeka kuphela uma bobabili abazali bephethe isakhi. I-Kartagener syndrome ithinta abantu abangaba ngu-30,000, kuhlanganise nawo onke amadoda.
Kuyaziwa ngokungafani okubili okuyinhloko: i-ciliary primary dyskinesia ne-inversus ye-situs.
I-Ciliary Dyskinesia
Umzila womuntu wokuphefumula uhlanganisa impumu, izisusa, indlebe ephakathi, amashubhu eustachian , umphimbo, nezibhubhu zokuphefumula ( trachea , bronchi , ne- bronchioles ). Leli pheshana ligcwele amangqamuzana akhethekile anamaphesenti afana nezinwele kuwo, okuthiwa i-cilia. I-cilia ishayela i-molecule yomswakama, umusi, nama-bacterium phezulu nangaphandle kwephefumula.
Endabeni ye-ciliary primary dyskinesia ehlobene ne-Kartagener Syndrome, i-cilia ayinamaphutha futhi ayisebenzi kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-mucus namabhaktheriya emaphashini ayikwazi ukuxoshwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukutheleleka kwezifo zamaphaphu, njenge-pneumonia, ukuthuthukisa.
I-Cilia nayo ikhona ezingxenyeni zobuchopho nasesimweni sokuzala. Abantu abane-Kartagener syndrome bangase babe nezinhloko nezinkinga ngokuzala.
I-Inversus yeSitus
I-inversus ye-Situs iyenzeka ngenkathi ingane isesiswini. Yenza izingxenye zithuthuke ohlangothini olungalungile lomzimba, zishintshe ukuma okujwayelekile.
Kwezinye izimo, zonke izitho zingase zibe yisithombe esibukweni sokuma okujwayelekile, kanti kwezinye izimo, izitho ezithile ezithile zishintsha.
Izimpawu
Iningi lezimpawu ze-Kartagener Syndrome kubangelwa ukuhluleka kwe-cilia yokuphefumula ukusebenza ngendlela efanele, njenge:
- Ukutheleleka kwesifo se-sinus
- Izifo eziphuthumayo zamapayipi, njenge-pneumonia ne-bronchitis
- I-Bronchiectasis - umonakalo wamaphaphu kusuka ekutheleleni okuvamile
- Izifo ezithenga njalo
Uphawu olubalulekile oluhlukanisa i-Kartagener syndrome kwezinye izinhlobo ze-cysary dyskinesia ukubeka kwezitho zangaphakathi ohlangothini oluphambene nendawo evamile (ebizwa ngokuthi i-inversus ye-situs). Isibonelo, inhliziyo ingakwesokudla kwesifuba esikhundleni sokunxele.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Kartagener syndrome ibonakala yizimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-sinusitis engapheli, i-bronchiectasis ne-inversus ye-situs. Ama-x-ray noma i-computed tomography (CT) izilinganiso zingathola ukuguqulwa kwamaphaphu izici zesifo. Ukuthatha i-biopsy ye-lining of the trachea, amaphaphu namasimini angavumela ukuhlolwa okuncane kwamangqamuzana afaka umzila wokuphefumula, ongabonisa i-cilia engalungile.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa komuntu one-Kartagener syndrome kugxile ekuvinjweni kwezifo zokuphefumula nokuphathwa okusheshayo kwanoma yini engase ivele. Ama-antibiotics angakwazi ukukhulula i-sinusitis, futhi imithi yokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa okuphefumulayo kungasiza uma isifo esingenasifo samaphaphu siqala. Ama-tubes amancane angase afakwe ema-eardrum ukuze avumele ukutheleleka kanye noshefu ukukhipha endlebeni ephakathi. Abantu abadala, ikakhulukazi amadoda, bangase babe nobunzima bokuzala futhi bangase bazuze ngokubonisana nomchwepheshe wezolimo.Kukhona amacala amakhulu, abanye abantu bangadinga ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu okugcwele.
Kubantu abaningi, inani lokutheleleka kokuphefumula liqala ukwehla cishe eminyakeni engama-20, futhi ngenxa yalokho, abantu abaningi abane-Kartagener syndrome baseduze nokuphila kwabantu abadala.
Umthombo:
"Iyini i-Ciliary Dyskinesia eyinhloko?" I-PCD Foundation . 24 Nov 2008
Ilayisi, S. "Kartagener Syndrome". I-Healthline , ngo-2013.