Iyini i-Anatomy kanye Nomsebenzi we-Bronchus?
Iyini i-bronchus (noma i-pleural, i-bronchi) futhi lezi zakhiwo ziphi lapho kusetshenziselwa uhlelo lokuphefumula? Iyini isisu yabo kanye nomsebenzi wabo, futhi yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingathinta lezi zakhiwo?
Incazelo: Bronchus
I-bronchus ingenye yamagatsha amabili amakhulu e- trachea eholela emaphashini. I-bronchi iqala lapho i-trachea ihlukanisa ukwakha i-bronchi engakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele (i-pleural of bronchus.) Lawa ma-bronchi abuyele emaphashini ngayinye.
I-bronchi ihlukanisa kuqala ku-lobar bronchi bese i-bronchi ephakeme. Lezi zitsha zihamba kancane kancane uma zihlukaniswa zibe yi-bronchioles, i-bronchioles egcina ukuphela, i-bronchioles yokuphefumula, amasaka e-alveolar, futhi ekugcineni ibe yi- alveoli lapho kukhishwa khona umoya we-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide.
I-bronchi yakhiwa imisipha ebushelelezi enezindonga ze-cartilage ebapha ukuzinza.
Isakhiwo se-Bronchi
I-bronchus engakwesokudla - I-bronchus eyinhloko enembile inemifushane futhi ibonakala ngaphezulu kunezingakwesokunxele, cishe u-2.5 m (ubude obuyi-1 intshi) ngobude. Ihlukanisa ibe i-bronchi encane ukungena ku-lobes amathathu we-lung lungile.
I-bronchus engakwesobunxele - I-bronchus engakwesokunxele incane futhi iyinde kunokuba i-bronchus engakwesokudla (cishe u-5 cm noma 1.5 amasentimitha.) Iphinde ihlukane ibe yi-lobar bronchi emibili efaka ama-lobes amabili engxenyeni yesokunxele.
Umsebenzi we-Bronchial
Umsebenzi we-bronchi njengendlela yokuhamba emoyeni ukuphuma emlonyeni nase-trachea, ukuya e-alveoli, futhi ubuyele emvelweni.
Nakuba i-bronchi ibilokhu icatshangelwa izingxenye zemizimba yomzimba isikhathi eside, sifunda ukuthi bangase babe neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Isibonelo, izigulane ezisebronchi zihlanganisa umchamo odlala umsebenzi obalulekile umzimba wokuzivikela, kokubili ukuhlukanisa nezinambuzane ezingasebenzi.
Izimo ezibandakanya iBronchi
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingabandakanya i-bronchi. Ezinye zazo zihilela ezinye izifunda zamapayipi, kanti ezinye zivinjelwe ku-bronchus esemqoka ne-bronchi encane. Lokhu kungafaka:
I-brronchitis - Kokubili i-bronchitis ephawulekayo ne-bronchitis engapheli yukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-bronchi. Isifo esingapheli yilinye uhlobo lwezifo ezingavamile zokuphazamiseka kwezifo (COPD) isimo esiyi-4 eyimbangela yokufa e-United States.
Ukuphefumula - Uma into yangaphandle iphikisana ngengozi, ivame ukufakwa kwenye ye-bronchi. Ukuphefumula kungacatshangwa ku-ray ray ngokubonakala kwamaphaphu ngaphesheya kwesithiyo. Kudingeka ukuba i-bronchoscopy isuse umzimba wangaphandle kulezi zimoya zomoya.
Umdlavuza we-Lung - Amanye amakhemikhali ephaphu aphakama ezindongeni ze-bronchi, ikakhulukazi izicubu ezifana nomdlavuza omncane wamangqamuzana omdlavuza nomdlavuza we- squamous cell wamaphaphu . Esikhathini esedlule, lezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza kwakuyihlobo oluvame kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-lung adenocarcinoma, isisu esivame ukukhula emaphethelweni emaphaphu kude nemimoya yomoya yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Abanye bacatshangwa ukuthi amakhemikhali eduze kwemikhumbi yomoya ajwayelekile kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba kusetshenziswe ugwayi, futhi okunye okuzohlala kuyo kulezi zindlela zokuqala.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokungezwa kwezihlungi, ubuthi buyakwazi ukugxilwa ngokujulile emaphashini lapho kuvela khona i-adenocarcinomas.
I-asthma - Isifo somoya yisifo esibhekene nokucindezelwa kwe-bronchi , okuphazamisa ukuhamba kwemvelo kusukela emvelweni ukuya emanzini emaphaphu. Phakathi kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, i-asthma ivame ukuphathwa nge-bronchodilators - imithi esetshenziselwa ukuphucula i-bronchi nokukhulula isinqamuleli.
Izinqubo ezibandakanya iBronchus neBronchi
I-bronoscopy - I- bronchoscopy iyinkqubo lapho ithubhu (ebizwa ngokuthi i-bronchoscope) ifakwa emlonyeni nase-bronchi.
I-bronchoscopy ingenziwa ukuze ihlolwe izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo noma ukukhwehlela igazi, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha izimo ezithile, njengokungena egazini, noma ukususwa komzimba wangaphandle.
Inqubo ye-endobronchial ultrasound iyisandulela ekutholeni umdlavuza wamaphaphu nesifo se-lung. Phakathi ne-bronchoscopy, i-ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound) ingenziwa ukuze ubuke izicubu ezijulile emaphashini odlulile odongeni lwe-bronchial. Uma i-tumor isendaweni, i-biopsy ye-sindle ingase ikwenziwa ngezinye izikhathi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwe-endobronchial ultrasound, okwenza kube lula ukuthola izicubu ezivela emzimbeni ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuvuvukala kwephunga lamaphaphu.
Ukubizwa ngegama: bron-kus
Izibonelo: UJim utshelwe ukuthi umdlavuza wakhe wamaphaphu wawuseduze kwesokudla sakhe esincane sokuqala.
> Imithombo:
> I-Library Kazwelonke Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha. I-MedlinePlus. I-brronchitis engapheli. Kubuyekezwe 04/21/17. https://medlineplus.gov/chronicbronchitis.html