Izimpawu zesifo somdlavuza wesibindi ngokuvamile ziwumphumela wokulimala kwesibindi futhi zingabandakanya ukuphuziza kwesikhumba (jaundice), ubuhlungu besisu esiswini noma kwesigxathu, noma inhla kwesisu esisenhla kwesokudla. Noma kunjalo, eziningi zezimpawu zokuxwayisa azizona eziqondile, ezifana nokulahlekelwa isisindo nokukhathala. Ngezinye izikhathi izinkinga zesifo somdlavuza wesibindi, njengokuvimbela i-bile duct, i-anemia, noma ukuphuma kwamanzi yizibonakaliso zokuqala.
Njengoba kungekho ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwesifo somdlavuza wesibindi, ukuqaphela izibonakaliso nezimpawu ezingase kube khona yindlela kuphela yokuthola lesi sifo kuqala.
Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa kafushane isifo somdlavuza oyinhloko-esivela esibindi-kusukela emasimini yesibindi, okusabalalisa umdlavuza (isifuba noma amaphaphu, isibonelo) kusuka kwesinye isifunda somzimba esiya esibindi. Umdlavuza wesibindi ngokuvamile uyisisu esisodwa esisodwa, kuyilapho ama- metastase (ukusakazeka) ngokuvamile encane futhi amaningi.
Umdlavuza oyinhloko wesibindi uvame ukubangela izimpawu ekuqaleni, kanti izibalo zesibindi (ezivame kakhulu) zingase zibe nengxenye ebalulekile yesibindi ngaphambi kokuba zitholwe.
Izimpawu zifana ne-hepatocellular carcinoma (umdlavuza wesibindi) kanye ne-cholangiocarcinoma (umdlavuza we-bile duct), kodwa i-bile duct kancenza ivame ukudala izimpawu zokuvimbela (njenge-jaundice) ngaphambi kwamaningi amaningi e-cancer.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, umdlavuza wesibindi ngokuvamile unampawu ezimbalwa noma izibonakaliso ezinkathini zokuqala zesifo.
Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, izimpawu zayo ziqala ukuvela, okwenza umuntu afune usizo lwezokwelapha. Ngenxa yalezi zimpawu ezibambezelekile, umdlavuza wesibindi uvame ukutholakala esiteshini esiphambili (ngaphandle uma isisu sikhipha eduze kwe-biling buct futhi sibangela ukuvimbela ekuqaleni).
Izimpawu ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:
I-Mas Mass or Lump
Ungase ube nomuzwa onzima kakhulu noma ukuvuvukala esifundeni esingaphansi kwesibambo sakho sombhebhe ngakwesokudla sakho. Ngokuvamile, lesi silwane asibuhlungu, futhi uma ubuhlungu, ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile ezindaweni ezizungezile.
Ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza wesibindi ubangela ukukhuliswa kwesitebe futhi, okungabangela ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu obuzwa kwesisu esisenhla kwesokunxele.
Ubuhlungu Bokubeletha Kwamabhande Okwesokudla
Ubuhlungu, ukunganaki, noma ukugwaza ngakwesokudla kwesisu esisemuva kwezimbambo kungenzeka ngenxa yecindezelo yesifo senhliziyo kwesinye isakhiwo noma izinzwa kule ndawo. Thatha umoya ojulile bese ucindezela kancane kancane ngaphasi kwesibambo sakho sombambo ngakwesokudla-lokhu cishe cishe lapho isibindi sakho silele khona. Uma unesibindi esandisiwe (kunezimbangela eziningi), umphetho wesibindi sakho ungase uzizwe ungaphansi kwesisu sakho.
Ukunene Kwamahlombe Okunene Kwamabhande
Ubuhlungu bezintambo zingabonakalisa, njengoba isimo sikuxwayisa ukuze kungabi khona eduze kwehlombe (ngenxa yezinzwa ezihamba emzimbeni wethu).
Lokhu kwenzeka ngesifo somdlavuza wesibindi. I-tumor (noma isakazeka emzimbeni) ingamcasula izinzwa ezitshela ubuchopho bakho ukuthi ubuhlungu buvela ehlombe lakho uma empeleni livela esibindi.
Lokhu ubuhlungu buvame ukuzwa ehlombe elungile, nakuba kungase kwenzeke nganoma yiluphi uhlangothi. Ubuhlungu bungase bubuyele emuva emhlane wakho.
Uma uhlangabezana nalokhu, ikakhulukazi uma ungazange wenze noma yimuphi umsebenzi wangokwenyama ongakuchaza, bheka udokotela wakho.
I-Jaundice
I-jaundice ibhekisela esimweni lapho isikhumba, kanye nengxenye emhlophe yamehlo, ibonakala ephuzi. Kubangelwa ukwakheka kwe-bile usawoti esikhumbeni.
Ithola kalula kalula ekukhanyeni kwemvelo, njengokungaphandle, kunokukhanya kwangaphakathi. Ngaphandle kokuphuzika kwesikhumba, abanye abantu bayaqaphela ukuthi ukunyakaza kwabo kwamathumba kubonakala sengathi kuluhlaza futhi kunombala esikhundleni sosundu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umchamo ungase ube mnyama kunejwayelekile, ngisho nangaphandle kokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi.
Itching
Ukwakhiwa kwe-salti ye-bile esikhumbeni, okuphumela ku-jaundice, kungabangela futhi. Ngeke sicabange ngokubamba njengezibonakaliso ezingathí sina, kepha ukushaywa okuhlobene nokukhubazeka kwesibindi kungaba kakhulu.
Bloat nokuphuza Breath
Ukwakhiwa kwamagciwane emathunjini okubhekwa njenge- ascites kungabonisa umdlavuza wesibindi. Kungase kube nomuzwa wokuthi ugoqa ekuqaleni; Abanye abantu bayaqaphela ukuthi izingubo zabo azihambisani kahle emgqeni noma ubukhulu bebhande babo buyashintsha ngisho noma bengakatholi isisindo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwakhiwa kwamanzi emzimbeni kungashukumisela phezulu emaphashini okwenza ukuphefumula.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingenalutho noma ukuzuza
Ukulahleka kwesisindo okungenasisekelo kungase kwamukelwe abanye, kodwa uma kungahlobene nokushintsha kokudla noma ukuzivocavoca, kufanele uvakashele udokotela njalo. Ukulahleka kwesisindo esingachazwanga kuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa kwamaphesenti angu-5 esisindo somzimba noma ngaphezulu kwenyanga eyisithupha kuya kweyishumi nambili ngaphandle kokuzama. Isibonelo singaba ngumuntu onama-200-pounds olahlekelwa amapounds angu-10 esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphandle kokushintsha kwemikhuba.
Ukutholakala kwesisindo okungenalutho kungatholakali kuhlobene nomdlavuza ongaphansi komuntu wesithathu wabantu abaqaphele ukubuyekezwa kwezifundo ezingu-2017, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza wesibindi. Kunezinye izimbangela ezinkulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha ukuthi uqaphele ushintsho olunjalo.
Ukutholakala kwesisindo esisheshayo futhi esingalindelekile nakho kuyisibonakaliso somdlavuza wesibindi. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokwakhiwa okusheshayo kokuketshezi kwesisu (ascites).
Ukulahlekelwa Ukudla
Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso kungase kuvele nezinkinga eziningi, kodwa kungaba nenkinga enkulu yesibindi. Lokhu kungase kuhambisane nomqondo wokugcwalisa ngokushesha kakhulu, ngisho nalapho udla ukudla okuncane kuphela. Njengoba lezi zimpawu zingase zibe izixwayiso zesifo somdlavuza wesibindi kuphela kodwa ezinye ukwelapha, ukuvakashela kudokotela kuqinisekisiwe.
I-Nausea ne-Vomiting
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani umdlavuza wesibindi ungabangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza, futhi lokhu kuyisifo esijwayelekile kuzo zonke izigaba zesifo. Kukhona inqwaba yezimbangela zezinambuzane zokuhlanzeka nokuhlanza, kepha uma kwenzeka kaningi, noma uma kukhula, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Ukukhathala kanye / noma ukungcola
Kubonakala sengathi wonke umuntu ukhathele lezi zinsuku, kodwa ukukhathala okuhlobene nomdlavuza ngokuvamile kuthatha izinto ezingeni elisha. Ukukhathala komdlavuza kuhluke ekukhatheni okujwayelekile, futhi akuwona uhlobo lokukhathala okuthuthukisa ubusuku obuhle bokulala. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sibonakaliso kulula ukubona ukuthi ubheka emuva esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12 futhi ulinganisa amandla akho namuhla ngokuqondene nokuthi kwakunjani ngaleso sikhathi.
Fever
I-fever ephansi, kodwa ephikisanayo, into ethile odokotela ababhekisela kuyo ngokuthi "umkhuhlane wendabuko engaziwa" noma i-FUO, yisifo esivamile esivela kumdlavuza wesibindi. I-FUO ichazwa njengamazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-101 degrees ahlala amasonto amathathu noma ngaphezulu futhi angeke ahlanganiswe nesizathu esicacile ngemuva kokuvakashelwa kathathu noma ngaphezulu kudokotela (noma izinsuku ezintathu esibhedlela). Kunezinye izimbangela eziningana ezingabangela umkhuhlane oqhubekayo, kodwa ukuba nesinye isizathu esihle sokubona udokotela wakho.
Ukuzizwa Okujwayelekile Ukungavumi
Kunzima ukuchaza intuition njengesibonakaliso, kodwa izifundo zisitshela-kaningi ngokuphindaphindiwe-ukuthi abantu bavame ukuzwa lapho okuthile "kusuke" emzimbeni wabo. Uma unomqondo ojwayelekile ukuthi awukho kahle, bheka udokotela wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu zingaba nzima ukuchaza ngemigomo efana nalabo abalwe ngenhla. Imizimba yethu ivame ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle wokuthi "usitshele" uma kukhona into enhle uma sithatha isikhathi sokulalela kuphela.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile
Ezinye i-cancer yesibindi ihlanganisa ama-hormone angabangela izimpawu ezengeziwe. Lezi zingabandakanya ushukela wegazi ophansi (u- hypoglycemia ) ongabangela ukukhanya nokuphelelwa amandla, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangadli okwesikhashana; Ukwandisa isifuba ( gynecomastia ); i-atrophy ye-testicular; kanye nokubala okubomvu kwe-cell cell.
Izinkinga
Umdlavuza wesibindi ungabangela izinkinga eziningana. Kungase kubangele ukucindezelwa kwesisu kwi-bile duct noma ezinye izitho, ama-hormone akhiqizwa ngamangqamuzana omdlavuza, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi okuholela ekwakheni kwe-toxin emzimbeni, noma ezinye izindlela.
Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zibandakanye:
I-anemia
I-anemia , inani elincane elibomvu lamasosha egazi, kuyinto ejwayelekile kakhulu yesifo somdlavuza wesibindi futhi kungenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo ezimbalwa, kuhlanganise ukungabi nalutho kwezici zokugcoba egazini eliholele ekuguleni. I-anemia ingaba yinkohliso ekuqaleni, futhi ivame ukudala izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isikhumba esikhuphukile, nobukhulu obukhulu. Njengoba umdlavuza wesibindi ungabangela i-erythrocytosis (ukwanda kwe-red cell cell production), lezi zimo ngezinye izikhathi zikhansela ngaphandle.
Ukwakhiwa Kwezingcingo Ezimbi
Ibhili lenziwa esibindi. Amakhodi amaningana aqinisekisa ukuthi atholakala emathunjini amancane, noma nge-gallbladder noma ngokuqondile. Izicubu zesibindi noma izibilini ze-bile zingase zikhule ngaphakathi komzila noma zicindezele eduze komunye, okuholela ekuvimbeleni i-bile.
Uma umgwaqo uvinjelwe ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuqala okusheshayo kobuhlungu obunzima futhi obuhlala njalo esiswini sangakwesokudla esifanele, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, i-jaundice, nokushaya.
Ukuphuza
Isibindi sinesibopho sokwenza amaprotheni (izici zokuvala) ezisiza igazi lakho. Uma iphesenti enkulu yesibindi sakho seluswe ngumdlavuza, lezi zici azisetshenziselwa izinombolo ezanele. Umphumela wukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kungase kwenzeke (ngisho nenani elijwayelekile lamaplatelets) futhi i-anemia ingase iqiniseke. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sivame ukuphuma lapho uhlwitha amazinyo noma ama-nosebleeds avamile. Ukuphuma kwegazi okungathí sina, okufana nokwehla kwesisu, kungenzeka uma umdlavuza uphuthukisiwe.
I-Portal Hypertension
Umdlavuza wesibindi (kanye nezinye izifo zesibindi) kungaholela ekukhenikeni kusukela emgodleni wokugaya ngendlela enye. I-tumor ngaphakathi kwesibindi ingenza kube nzima ukuba igazi ligeleza emithanjeni encane engxenyeni eholela emthonjeni omkhulu we-portal. Ukucindezela okubangelwa umvuthwandaba (i- portal hypertension ) kudala ukucindezela okwenyuka emithanjeni yegazi phezulu, njengalezo ezisendaweni.
Lezi zinyopho zibuthakathaka kune-vein portal enkulu futhi zingakhula zibe imivimbo ye-varicose, njengokungathi ubona emilenzeni yabantu, noma ngesisu ngesinye isikhathi ngesifo sesibindi. Uma lezi zifo zihlukana, zingabangela ukuphuma kwegazi emzimbeni omkhulu ( okuyi-esophageal variceal bleeding) , engasongela impilo uma ingelashwa ngokushesha. Ukukhipha igazi kungase kwenzeke esiswini nasemathunjini kanye nangendlela efanayo.
I-High Blood Calcium (I-Hypercalcemia)
Umdlavuza wesibindi ungabangela izinga eliphezulu le-calcium egazini ( hypercalcemia of malignancy) ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukene. Lokhu kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa nokuhlanza, ubuthakathaka obunzima obukhulu emisipha, nokudideka, okungaphumelela ekuhlaleni noma ngisho nokufa uma kungelashwa.
I-Hepatorenal Syndrome
I-Hepatorenal syndrome yisimo lapho isibindi sesifo esibangela isifo sezinso ngenxa yezinguquko emithonjeni yegazi nokunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezintsheni. I-hepatorenal syndrome ivame kakhulu ngesifo somdlavuza wesibindi kanye nezinye izinhlobo zesifo sebindi, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-40 abantu abane-cirrhosis bazokwakha i-syndrome phakathi neminyaka emihlanu.
I-Hepatic Encephalopathy
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hepatic kungaba ukwesaba okukhulu kwesifo somdlavuza wesibindi kodwa empeleni kuyimbangela eguquguqukayo yezimpawu ezingabonakala njenge-Alzheimer's disease.
Lapho isibindi singakwazi ukukhipha ubuthi, baya echosheni. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwememori, ukuphazamiseka, izinguquko zobuntu, nokudideka okukhulu. Izimpawu zingase ziqale ngobumnene ngenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi yezibalo, njengokulinganisa i-checkbook. Ezinye izimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphefumula okunephunga elimnandi kanye nokugabha kwezingalo uma zikhishwa ngqo phambi komuntu. Kunezindlela zokwelapha i-encephalopathy, kodwa ukuchazwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukulingana nesilinganiso se-tumor.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela Wakho
Uma ubhala noma yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ezingenhla noma noma yini ongakwazi ukuyichaza, bheka udokotela wakho. Yize abaningi bengabonisa izimo ezingenabungozi, uma umdlavuza wesibindi ukhona, ukugxekwa kungcono kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo sifinyelelwe. Abantu abangenayo ingozi engozini yomdlavuza wesibindi bangakwazi futhi ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo ngezikhathi ezithile-okufanelekile ukugcina engqondweni uma ungaqiniseki ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Uma unesifo se-cancer yesibindi, njenge-cirrhosis, isimo sakho siyinkinga enzima kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele ubhekene nezimpawu ezifanayo ngenxa yenkinga yezempilo ekhona. Kulesi simo, iphuzu eliyinhloko ukubuka ushintsho ezimpawu zakho.
Ucwaningo olulodwa lwathola ukuthi izimpawu ezaxwayisa odokotela ukuba zibe nesifo somdlavuza wesibindi kulabo abanesifo esingenasifo esingenasifo esibandakanya ukungena kwesokudla esingaphezulu kwesibindi, ukwandiswa kwesibindi (isifo se-cirrhosis ngokuvamile sibangela ukuba siphume), ukukhathala okwedlulele, ukuguquka kwesimo senhliziyo, ukuwohloka kwe-portal umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sofuba, ukuphuma kwegazi, nesifo sikashukela esasibe nzima ukulawula. Uma ubona noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha kunokuba ulinde ukuqokwa kwakho okulandelayo okuhleliwe.
> Imithombo:
> Society of American of Clinical Oncology. I-Cancer.Net. I-Cancer Cancer: Izimpawu Nezimpawu. Kubuyekezwe 05/2017. https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/liver-cancer/symptoms-and-signs
> Bosch, X., Molclus, E., no-Escoda, O. et al. Ukulahlekelwa Isisindo Engenasisekelo: Izinhlamvu Zemitholampilo Nemiphumela Ku-Cooper Proposal of 2677 Iziguli. .PLoS One . 2017. 12 (4): e0175125.
> Mazzanti, R., Arena, U. no R. Tassi. I-Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Sikuphi? I-World Journal yeMithi Yokuhlola. 2016. 6 (1): 21-36.
> National Cancer Institute. I-Primary Primary Liver Cancer Treatment (PDQ) Kubuyekezwe ngo-12/07/17. https://www.cancer.gov/types/liver/patient/adult-liver-treatment-pdq