Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kuyingozi ebalulekile yokushaywa yisifo, futhi ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokushaywa yisifo kubantu abasha abangenayo izinkinga zempilo ezivamile ezibangelwa isifo. Kodwa akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ezinomthelela ofanayo onengozi yokushaya, futhi izidakamizwa ezahlukene zithinta umzimba ngokuhlukile.
Ezinye izidakamizwa zingabangela isifo ngokulimaza ngqo imithwalo yegazi ebuchosheni kanti abanye bebangela ukushaywa ngokweqile, ngokuphazamisa ezinye izitho emzimbeni - njengezinhliziyo, izinso noma isibindi.
Izidakamizwa ezivamile zokuhlukunyezwa ezaziwa ukuthi zandisa ingozi yokushaya izidakamizwa zihlanganisa utshwala, i-cocaine, i-amphetamines ne-heroine.
Utshwala
Nakuba iwayini elibomvu lingamanani alinganiselwe lingakuvikela ukuba unhlangothi , ukuphuza utshwala obunzima kungandisa ingozi yokuba ne-stroke.
Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile isikhathi eside kungandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisisu. Umphumela ophawuleka kakhulu wokusetshenziswa kotshwala obunzima yiyona ingozi ephakanyisiwe ngokucindezeleka okukhulu, okuyinto uhlobo oluyingozi lomdlavuza obhekene nokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni.
Ingozi ephakeme yokushaywa yisifo esithinta ukudakwa ngokweqile kubonakala sengathi ingenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwengcindezi ephakeme yegazi nokukhubazeka kwegazi kwamakhono omzimba. Enye yezindlela utshwala eziphazamisa ukugaya igazi ngokulimaza isibindi. Isibindi senza amaprotheni adingekayo ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi. Uma isibindi singakwazi ukwenza ngokwanele lezi protheyini ezibalulekile, ukuphuma ngokweqile kungenzeka noma kuphi emzimbeni, kufaka phakathi ubuchopho.
I-Cocaine
Kukhona ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine nesifo sohlangothi. I-Cocaine ingabangela ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe ngesikhathi noma ngemva nje kokusetshenziswa. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziselwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine kungabangela nesifo se-cerebrovascular over time, okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokushaywa yisisu, ngisho nakubantu abasha abanobuhle abangenazo ezinye izici zokulimala.
Izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine kwandisa ingozi yokushaywa yilezi zilandelayo:
- Ngokunyusa futhi ngokusheshisa ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi nokudala ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni
- Ngokubangela ukuqhuma noma ukuqhuma kancane kwemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni
- Uma isetshenziselwa ifomu layo elibizayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-crack cocaine, landisa ingozi yezifo ezinzima emagodini enhliziyo. Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka kwenhliziyo, okuthiwa i-endocarditis, luphakathi kwezimo zenhliziyo eziningi ezingabangela ukushaywa yisifo.
Heroin
I-Heroin yisidakamizwa esiluthayo esivame ukusetshenziswa kabi. Njengoba kufana ne-cocaine eqhamukayo, i-heroin enesibindi yandisa ingozi ye-endocarditis , isimo lapho amabhaktheriya angena khona egazini futhi akhule phezu kwamagagasi enhliziyo. Ama-clumps amancane alawa ma-bacterium, eyaziwa ngokuthi i- septic emboli, angashiya inhliziyo, abuyele ebuchosheni futhi avikele isitsha segazi ebuchosheni, okwenza kube nesifo. Ngenxa yokuthi i-heroin ijojowe, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwandisa ingozi yezifo ezingenakwenzeka ngokuhlanganyela izinaliti ezifana ne-HIV nesifo sofuba C.
I-heroin overdose ingabangela ukuphefumula okungenele, ukuvimbela umoya okwanele ukuba ungene emzimbeni. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphefumula okwenyuka kakhulu, umuntu angabhekana nokunciphisa okwenyuka okwenyuka emoyeni , ngisho noma evuselelwa futhi esinda ngokweqile.
Amphetamine
Kuye kwaba nemibiko eminingi ebhalisisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-amphetamine emahoreni ngaphambi kokushaya kanzima, ngisho naphakathi kwabantu abasha abanempilo ngaphandle kwezici zokubeka ingozi.
Ama-amphetamine afana ne-methamphetamine anekhono elinamandla lokukhiqiza umfutho wegazi ophuthumayo futhi owedlulele. Njengoba umfutho wegazi ophezulu unesisindo esisodwa senkinga yokushaya isisu, akumangalisi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-amphetamine kungandisa ingozi yomuntu yokushaya isifo. Njengokwenza i-cocaine, ukusetshenziselwa isikhathi eside kwe-methamphetamine kwandisa ubungozi bokucindezeleka ngokubangela ukusebenza okungavamile emithanjeni yegazi yobuchopho, kuyilapho kuphazamisa umzimba wonke.
Ukusebenzisa isikhathi esifushane semethamphetamine kungabangela ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yenguquko ngokungazelelwe ekucindezelweni kwegazi nokusebenza kwenhliziyo okubangelwa yi-methamphetamine emzimbeni.
Ezinye izidakamizwa eziye zahlanganiswa nemivimbo
- I-Phencyclidine (i-PCP): lesi sidakamizwa saziwa nangokuthi uthuli lengelosi
- I-Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
- I-Herbal viagra
- I-Marijuana
- Cigarettes
- Ezinye iziphuzo zamandla - uma zidliwe ngamanani aphezulu kakhulu
Izwi elivela
Ukushaya isifo ngokuvamile kubangelwa izinkinga zempilo yesikhathi eside ezakhayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zilimaza imithwalo yegazi futhi zandisa amathuba okuba negazi noma igazini ebuchosheni. Izidakamizwa zokungcebeleka zokuhlukunyezwa zingaveza imiphumela emangalisa futhi emangalisayo emzimbeni, okwenza kube nemiphumela emibi yempilo embi. Ukushaya isifo kungenye yalezi zimo.
Ukuthola isifo esibuhlungu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kufana nenqubo yokuthola isifo esibuhlungu esabangelwa yisiphi esinye isifo-lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvuselelwa nokunciphisa izinkinga zokulimala. Uma ukushaywa yisifo kubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ukunciphisa ingozi yengozi kugxile ekuqedeni ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nokuvuselela ukulutha umlutha, okuphumelela kakhulu futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside esimisweni sobuchwepheshe. Intsha ingase ikwazi ukuzwa isifo esivumelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, futhi ukutakula kungaba kuhle kakhulu ngenxa yempilo enhle yabasindile abasha abasha.
> Ukufunda okuqhubekayo:
Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kwezenzakalo ezimbi ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlanzi zokwelapha zokwelashwa kanye nokuphathwa kwabo okuhambisanayo, uTait RJ, uCaldicott D, iNtaba D, Hill SL, uLenton S, Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016; 54 (1)
> Ukusetshenziswa kwesisindo kanye ne-methamphetamine kubantu abadala: ukubuyekezwa, i-Lappin JM, iDarke S, i-Farrell M, i-Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. I-2017 Dec; 88 (12): 1079-1091. i-doi: 10.1136 / jnnp-2017-316071. Epub 2017 Aug 23.