Manje sekuyaziwa ukuthi i-trans fatty acids inomthelela omubi emazingeni e-cholesterol nenengozi yomzimba. Kubalulekile kithi ukuthi sizame ukuqeda ukudla okuqukethe ama-ac acid acids ezidlweni zethu.
Yini i-Trans Fatty Acids (ama-Trans Fats)?
Ukudla kwemvelo (okungukuthi, ukudla okungaqinisekisiwe) kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama- acids amafutha - agcwele futhi angasetshenzisiwe.
Amafutha anamanci anelisayo - avela kumafutha esilwane (inyama, isinqumelo, imikhiqizo yobisi ) namafutha ashisayo afana nekakhukhunathi namafutha esundu - angakhuphula amazinga akho egazi we-LDL cholesterol. Ama-acids angama-fatty ngokuvamile awakhulise amazinga e-cholesterol, futhi anganciphisa.
I-Trans fatty acids (amafutha e-trans) yihlobo lesithathu lama-fatty acids. Ngenkathi amafutha e-trans ayenzeka ngamanani amancane ekudleni okuthile (ikakhulukazi ukudla okuvela ezilwaneni), cishe wonke ama-trans amafutha manje ekudleni kwethu avela enkambisweni yezimboni eziyingxenye ye-hydrogenates (enezela i-hydrogen kuya) e-unsaturated fatty acids emafutheni omifino. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ekudleni kwethu, amafutha ahambayo atholakale kuphela ekudleni okucutshungwe esikudlayo.
Inzuzo yamafutha e-trans kuya embonini yokucubungula ukudla yilapho i-hydrogenation eyingxenye iqinisa futhi igxilise amafutha emifino, okunye okuvame ukuguqula isisu ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi zikhona ngendlela eqinile esikhundleni sefomu elimanzi, amafutha esitokisini angasetshenziswa njengama-substitute amafutha agcwele ezakhiweni zokudla okuhloswe ukuba kube nokuphila kwe-shelf eside.
Amafutha we-Trans ahlelwe ngawo-1890 futhi aqala ukufaka ukudla ngo-1910. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha esitokisini ekusetshenzisweni kokudla kwenzeka ngempela eminyakeni yama-1970 kanye no-1980, lapho kwakukhona amafutha agcwele ayebhekwa njengamabi empilweni.
Ngoba amafutha esitokisini atholakala kumafutha yemifino, kwaphela iminyaka eminingi bacatshangwa ukuthi bazoba imikhiqizo yokudla okunempilo.
Yini Engalungile Ngamafutha Okudlulisa?
Ngeshwa, njengoba kuvela (futhi njengoba sasifinyeleleka kancane ukufunda), amafutha esitokisi akhula amazinga e-cholesterol angamazinga kanye namazinga we-LDL ye-cholesterol; kubi kakhulu (futhi ngokungafani namafutha agcwele), banciphisa amazinga we-HDL ye-cholesterol. Amafutha we-Trans aphinde avele ephazamisa ukusetshenziswa komzimba wama-fatty acids ama-omega-3, okubalulekile empilweni yenhliziyo.
Ngamanye amazwi, i-trans fatty acids ayimpilo yengqondo yempilo.
Eqinisweni, manje kubonakala ngokucacile ukuthi ama-trans fatty acids ayimbi kakhulu empilweni yempilo kunamafutha agcwele. Ngempela, imfundiso endala yokuthi amafutha agcweleyo ayingozi yini empilweni yempilo manje. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, ukuqhutshwa okukhulu kwezinhloli zezempilo zomphakathi ukufaka amafutha athengiswayo ngamafutha agcwele ekudleni kwethu manje kuthathwa - cishe wonke umuntu - njengephutha elikhulu.
Yini Eyenziwa Ngama-Acid Acatty Acids?
I-US Yokuphatha Nezokuphathwa Kwezidakamizwa manje ibona ingozi yempilo ye-trans fatty acids futhi ibeke izindinganiso zokubhalisa ukudla okudinga okuqukethwe okune-fat fat ukuze kufakwe kule ilebula.
I-FDA ayizange ibonise noma yiliphi "izinga eliphephile" lama-fat fat acids, njengoba iplanethi yabo yesayensi inqume ukuthi noma yiliphi inani lama-fat fat acids alibi. I-labeling entsha idinga izinkampani zokudla ukuba zihlule inani lama-fat fat acids (kanye namafutha agcwele) kukho konke ukudla okucutshungulwayo.
Umgomo, ngokucacile, ukuqeda ama-ac acid ama-acids ekudleni okusetshenzisiwe ngokuphelele.
Yikuphi Ukudla Okuqukethe Ama-Acids Acids?
Ngenhlanhla, kulula ukubona ukudla okuqukethe amanani amaningi ama-ac acid ama-acids: ama-margarine (eqina kakhulu i-margarine, kakhulu ama-ac acid acids; ukunamathela ama-margarine aqukethe ama-margarine amaningi kakhulu, aqukethe ama-margarine amancane iqukethe okungenani;) izimpahla eziphekwe ngamafutha aphezulu (ikakhulukazi ama-donuts, amakhukhi namaqebelengwane;) nanoma imuphi umkhiqizo othi leli ilebula lisho "amafutha omquba omswakama-hydrogenated".
Konke lokhu kufanele kugwenywe enhliziyweni ukudla okunempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, khumbula ukuthi ukudla okusetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi izimpahla eziphekwe, kumele kufake uhlobo oluthile lokunciphisa ukuze kube nokuphila okusemthethweni kwelanga. Lokhu kudla akusekho amafutha agcwele (kusukela lapho usuka ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa), futhi manje kungenzeka ukuthi ayinakho (noma ambalwa) ama-acids e-trans.
Ngakho-ke, ziqukethe? Iqiniso liwukuthi lokhu akuyazi. Cishe, iqukethe uhlobo oluthile lweminye yemifino ehlanjululwayo enezindawo zokwakhiwa kwamafutha agcwele. (Uma kungenjalo, ngeke kube nhlobo njengokunciphisa.) Yeka indlela okuphephile ngayo le mikhiqizo emisha, engaziwa.
Lesi esinye isizathu esihle kakhulu sokugwema ukudla okucutshungulwayo, ngangokunokwenzeka ngangokunokwenzeka.
> Imithombo:
> Chowdhury R, Isixwayiso S, Kunutsor S, et al. I-Association of Dietary, Circulating, and Supplement Fatty Acids nge-Rison Coronary: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-Meta-Analysis. U-Ann Intern Med 2014; 160: 398.
> Oomen CM, Ocké MC, AmaFeskens EJ, et al. Ukuhlangana Phakathi Kwe-Trans Acat Acid Acake kanye Nengozi Yama-10 Yengozi Yezinhliziyo ZaseCoronary Esifundweni Sezikhulile Zutphen: Isifundo Esivela Esizindeni Sabantu. Lancet 2001; 357: 746.
> IsiMozaffarian D, Katan MB, Ascherio A, et al. I-Trans Fatty Acids kanye Nezifo Zezinhliziyo. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1601.