Udokotela wakho noma umhlinzeki wezempilo uyoba nobunzima ekuhloleni isifo seLyme ngoba eziningi zezimpawu zayo zifana nezinye zezinkinga nezifo. Isibonakaliso esisodwa esihlukile esiyisifo seLyme (i-erythema migrans, noma "i-bull's-eye," ukushayeka) akukho okungenani ingxenye yesine yabantu abathintekayo. Nakuba ukulunywa kwekhaksi kuyisici esibalulekile sokuxilongwa, abantu abaningi abakwazi ukukhumbula ukuthi usanda kushaywa uphawu.
Lokhu akumangalisi ngoba umuthi wezinyamazane uyingcosana, futhi umlingo wokukhipha umuthi ngokuvamile awubuhlungu.
I-Self-Checks
Yize ungakwazi ukuhlola noma ukulawula isifo se-Lyme ngokwakho, ungabheka izimpawu zokutshela futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyaqonda uma udinga ukubona udokotela wakho. Kufanele uzihlolisise njalo, izingane zakho, nezilwane zakho ezifuywayo ngezinkomba emva kokuba seziphelelwe ngaphandle. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlola izindawo ezifudumele, ezinomanzi ezifana naphakathi kwezintambo, ekuguleni, enkinobho yesisu, emhlane nasemadolweni. Khumbula ukuthi imikhaza ingabuka ngobukhulu bembewu ye-poppy ibe ngaphansi kwengxenye yesigamu yamasentimitha, kuye ngokuthi yikuphi lapho kusemjikelezweni wabo wokuphila.
Kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ngaphansi kwezimo:
- Uma une-rashma ehlukile ye-erythema migrans efika nezimo eziningi zesifo se-Lyme, ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ukhonjwe ngethikithi. Ukuqhuma okubomvu cishe kuzothuthukisa futhi kungase kuqale ukubukeka njengehlo lenkunzi.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nezifo ezibangelwa uketshezi ezingahambi, futhi ikakhulukazi uma uhlala noma usanda kufika esifundeni sase-United States lapho isifo seLyme sesisakazeke kakhulu (lokhu kufaka eNyakatho-mpumalanga, eMid-Atlantic, nasenyakatho- izindawo eziphakathi).
- Uma wazi ukuthi unomuthi onamathele emahoreni angaphezu kwangu-48 futhi unezimpawu zokushaywa kanye / noma ukufana nomkhuhlane.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uvumele udokotela wakho wazi uma ukhonjwe ngethikithi noma uma ukhonjiswe emikhawulweni, ngisho noma ungaqapheli ukuthi ulunywa.
Isigwebo semitholampilo
Kanti futhi, abahlinzeki bezempilo kuphela abangakwazi ukuhlola isifo se-Lyme. Ukwenza ukutholakala kwesifo seLyme, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokubheka izici eziningana:
- Umlando wezokwelapha oningiliziwe
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba
- Izimpawu
- Isikhathi sonyaka (ukukhishwa kwesibhakela kungenzeka kakhulu ezinyangeni zasehlobo)
- Imikhuba / indawo (isibonelo, ngabe ungasichitha isikhathi esingaphandle endaweni lapho isifo seLyme sivame khona)
- Umlando owaziwayo we-tick bite
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlola i-laboratory kusetshenziselwa ukusekela ukuxilongwa okusobala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzophenya ezinye izifo ezingabangela izimpawu zakho.
Ama-Labs nezivivinyo
Kunezigaba ezintathu zesifo seLyme , kuhlanganise:
- Isiteji sokuqala sendawo
- Isigaba esasakazwa ekuqaleni
- Isiteji esilandelayo
Izici zesifo kulezi zigaba, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo, zingenza ukuhlolwa kube nzima.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhethri yesifo seLyme kunzima ukubona emvivinyweni yokuhlola izicubu zomzimba noma uketshezi. Ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki abaningi bezempilo bafuna ubufakazi be-antibodies ngokumelene noB. burgdorferi egazini lakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indima ye-bacterium iyimbangela yezimpawu.
Abanye abantu abanezimpawu zesistimu zezinzwa bangase bathole umthamo wokugulisa umgogodla , okuvumela umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuthi abone ubuchopho nokugwinya komgogodla futhi abuke ama-antibodies noma izakhi zofuzo ze- B. burgdorferi emthonjeni wamagogasi .
I-Antibody ivivinya
Abahlinzeki bezempilo ngeke bakwazi ukuqina ngokuqinile ukuthi amagciwane aseLyme adala izimpawu. Emasontweni ambalwa okuqala emva kokutheleleka, ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody akuthenjelwa ngoba isimiso somzimba wakho sokuzivikela asizange sikhiqize ama-antibodies akwanele. Ama-antibiotic anikezwa ekuqaleni ngesikhathi sokutheleleka angaphinde avimbele ama-antibodies akho ukuthi angafinyeleleki emazingeni atholakalayo, yize ama-bacterium aseLyme adala izimpawu zakho.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody okuvame ukusetshenzwa kuthiwa yi-EIA (enzyme immunoassay) yokuhlolwa, okuvunyelwe yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Uma i-EIA yakho inempilo, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kufanele akuqinisekise ngokuhlolwa kwesibili, okuqondile okubizwa ngokuthi i- Western blot . Zombili imiphumela yokuhlolwa kumele ibe yinto enhle ukusekela ukuxilongwa kwesifo seLyme. Kodwa futhi, imiphumela emibi ayisho ukuthi awunayo isifo se-Lyme, ikakhulukazi esiteji sokuqala. Ukuhlolwa okuhle kwe-EIA akusho ukuthi unesifo se-Lyme noma kungenzeka ukuthi ama-positi amanga ayenzeka.
Ukuhlola Isitifiketi
Ngisho noma umuthi uhlolwe futhi utholakala ukuthi uhlala kuma-bacterium aseLyme Borrelia burgdorferi , kungenzeka ukuthi awudlulisele kalula amabhaktheriya kunoma ubani oye wawa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola umklomelo ngeke kube yinkomba enembile yokuthi ngabe umuntu owalile uye wathola isifo seLyme.
Ngoba ukuhlola umuthi akuyona isibonakaliso esihle sokudluliswa kwesifo seLyme, izibhedlela eziningi noma izibhedlela zezokwelapha ezisebenza ngombuso ngeke zihlole amakhizane amabhaktheriya aseLyme. Kodwa-ke, kunezinqwaba zamalebhu ezizimele ezizohlola amakhiza amabhaktheriya ngamanani kusukela ku-$ 75 kuya kumakhulu amaRandi.
Izivivinyo ezintsha ngaphansi kweNtuthuko
Abahlinzeki bempilo badinga ukuhlolwa ukuze bahlukanise phakathi kwabantu abaye bathola ukutheleleka kwangaphambilini nalabo abaqhubeka behlupheka ngenxa yokutheleleka okusebenzayo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuchithwa kwesifo seLyme, abacwaningi baseNational Institutes of Health (NIH) bahlola kabusha izivivinyo ezikhona futhi bathuthukisa izivivinyo ezintsha ezithembisa ukuthi zithembeke ngaphezu kwalezo ezitholakalayo.
Ososayensi be-NIH bahlakulela izivivinyo ezisebenzisa inqubo yobuchwepheshe obuthakathaka obubonakalayo eyaziwa ngokuthi i- polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kanye nobuchwepheshe be-microarray ukuthola ubuncane obuthakathaka obuncane bezinto eziphilayo zofuzo lwe-Lyme noma imikhiqizo yayo emathisini omzimba kanye namanzi. Iprotheyini yamagciwane, iphrotheni yangaphandle (Osp) C, ibonakala iyasiza ekutholeni kokuqala kwamagciwane omzimba kubantu abanesifo seLyme. Njengoba i-genome ye- B. burgdorferi iye yahlanganiswa, kunezindlela ezintsha zokuthuthukisa ukuqonda lesi sifo nokuxilongwa kwayo.
Ukuhlonza okuhlukile
Isifo se-Lyme ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "Ummemezeli Omkhulu" ngoba ngokuvamile ulingisa ezinye izifo eziningi, ngokusho kweLymeDisease.org, okungelona inzuzo ekhuthaza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kubantu abane-Lyme isifo kanye nezinye izifo ezithwala uketshezi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izinhlobo ze-arthritis noma ezinye izifo ezizimele zingaphathwa kabi njenge-Lyme isifo.
Izimpawu zesifo se-Lyme zingalingisa izimo ezifana nalezi:
- Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane)
- I-mononucleosis ephathekayo
- I-rheumatoid arthritis
- I-Fibromyalgia
- Isifo sokuphelelwa yisikhathi esingapheli
- Multiple sclerosis
- Isifo se-Alzheimer's
- Isifo senhliziyo
- I-Migraine ikhanda
- Lymphoma
Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobheka zonke lezi zindlela uma ehlonza.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwasekuqaleni ne-Later Later
Isifo se-Lyme sitholiwe isikhathi eside, futhi amabhaktheriya aphefumulayo abangela ukuba kube lula ukukhomba, ukuthi iziguli eziningi ezinezifo zakuqala zakwaLyme ziyakwazi ukuthola udokotela ongakwazi ukuyihlola ngokunembile. Ngisho nalabo abagulayo abatshelwa okokuqala udokotela ukuthi izimpawu zabo zisekhanda labo bavame ukuthola omunye udokotela ukuze abasize bathole ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Kodwa kwezinye izimo, iziguli zithola ubunzima obukhulu ekutholeni isifo seLyme. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi kukhona ukungqubuzana okuzungeze ukuxilongwa okunjalo kweziguli ezingenayo izibonakaliso kuze kube yilapho zingase zishaye uphawu. Ngenkathi abanye abantu bekhombisa izimpawu, kuhlanganise ne-classic "iso lezinkunzi," kudala emva kokulimaza, kungenzeka ukuthi izimpawu ngeke zibonise izinyanga noma eminyakeni emva kokuba zithole igciwane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli zilashwa masinyane ngama-antibiotics, kodwa lawo ma-antibiotics awabhubhisi ngokuphelele amabhaktheriya aseLyme Borrelia , noma ezinye izimpawu zenzeka ngisho noma kungekho uphawu lokutheleleka okuqhubekayo oluhlala.
"I-Lyme Disease Diagnosis Controversy" Okungajwayelekile "
Nakuba kungekho muntu ophika ukuthi abanye abantu baphathwa ngokufanele ngesifo seLyme bayaqhubeka bephethe izimpawu eziqhubekayo, kukhona impikiswano enkulu kulokho abizwayo, ukuthi kubangelwa yini, futhi ukuthi kuphathwa kanjani kangcono. Kuye kwabizwa ngokuthi "isifo esingelapheki saseLyme"; I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (i-CDC) ibiza ngokuthi yi-Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) emva kokuphulukiswa.
Ukusebenzisa igama elithi "okungapheli" kusikisela ukuthi ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kusekhona, kodwa ku-PTLDS, kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi yilokho okwenzekayo. Le mpikiswano ingaphansi kokuthi ngabe iziguli zisabonakaliswa yini izimpawu zomzimba nokuthi uma zibangelwa ukutheleleka okuphikisanayo nokuthi ngabe abantu abane-PTLDS kufanele baphathwe ngama-antibiotics-ukwelashwa okungase kungaguli kuphela kuphela kodwa kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kulaba bantu .
Eqinisweni, i-CDC ihlangene nezinye izinhlangano zezokwelapha eziyaziwa futhi ezihlonishwayo kanye neziphathimandla e-United States ekucaciseni ukuthi ubufakazi obutholakali abusekeli umqondo wokuthi "isifo esingelapheki saseLyme" sibangelwa ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo ne-bacterium Lyme; yingakho bakhetha igama elithi "isifo se-Lyme disease syndrome". La maqembu ahlanganisa i-Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), i-American Academy of Neurology, ne-NIH.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe bezempilo abaphatha nge-PTLDS nge-antibiotic yesikhathi eside bangase babeke iziguli zabo engozini engadingekile nokwandisa amazinga amabhaktheriya anomelana namagciwane.
Ukuphishekela Ukutholakala Okungapheliyo
Uma ukholelwa ukuthi unayo i-PTLDS, noma isifo esingama-Lyme esingapheli, thola udokotela oqonda isayensi yamanje ngemuva kwesifo seLyme kanye nesifo se-Lyme disease syndrome, ngisho noma bengayikuthi yiLyme engapheli.
> Imithombo:
> Blaser M. Antibiotic Overuse: Misa ukubulawa kweBacteria ezuzisayo. Imvelo . Agasti 25, 2011; 476: 393-394. i-doi: 10.1038 / 476393a.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo (CDC). Inqubo yokuhlola i-Laboratory-Step Step. Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-26 Mashi, 2015.
> Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokungezwani Komzimba Nezifo Ezibangelwa Izifo. Isifo Esithathelwanayo Sengculaza. Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. Kubuyekezwe ngo-September 3, 2015.