Ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol kungakusiza uqonde ingozi yesifo senhliziyo
Iplanethi ye-lipid noma ye-cholesterol yindlela yokuhlolwa kwegazi esetshenziselwa ukunquma inani lamafutha egazini lakho, futhi ukulinganisa amafutha egazi kuyithuluzi elibalulekile ekunqumeni ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Kukhona izingxenye ezine ezinkulu zamafutha ezizofakwa kuhlu kuphaneli yakho ye-lipid:
- Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol
- I-low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
- I-high-density lipoprotein (i-HDL)
- Triglycerides
Kodwa yikuphi ngempela lawa mafutha, futhi imiphumela yakho ethize isho ukuthini? Nakhu okuyisisekelo mayelana nendlela yokuhumusha iphaneli yakho ye-cholesterol nokuthi kusho ukuthini impilo yakho yenhliziyo.
Izinga le-Cholesterol eliphelele
Enye yezifundo ozothola emiphumeleni yakho yebhoratori inombolo ebizwa ngokuthi "inani le-cholesterol," elikutshela inani lenani lamafutha osegazini lakho.
Ngokusho kweNational Heart, i-Lung, ne-Blood Institute, isisindo esihle kakhulu se-cholesterol esingaphansi kuka-200 mg / dL. Izinga eliphakathi kuka 200 mg / dL ne-239 mg / dL zibhekwa njengomngcele we-cholesterol ephakeme ngenkathi amazinga angaphezu kuka-240 mg / dL abhekwa njengephezulu.
Yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akufanele unqume amazinga wakho we- cholesterol nje ngezinga lakho le-cholesterol yakho yonke. Esikhundleni salokho, izinga lakho le-cholesterol lidinga ukuqhutshelwa phambili lihlehliselwe ku-LDL, i-HDL, ne-triglycerides ukuze ikuqondise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
I-High-Density Lipoproteins
Ama-lipoprotein aphakeme kakhulu, noma i- HDL , abhekwa njengowokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle", ngoba indima ye-HDL emzimbeni ukuthatha i-cholesterol esibindi ngenxa yokulimala noma ukucubungula, ngokungafani nokuvumela i-cholesterol ukuba ixhomeke egazini.
Yingakho ukuba nezinga eliphezulu le-HDL kuthathwa njengokuhle.
Eqinisweni, amazinga angaphezu kuka-60 mg / dL akholelwa ukuthi empeleni avikela ngokumelene nesifo senhliziyo.
Amazinga we-HDL phakathi kuka-40 no-59 mg / dL abhekwa njengezinga elamukelekayo, kanti izinga eliphezulu liphakeme. Iveli le-HDL elingaphansi kwe-40 mg / dL. Kulesi simo, izinga le-HDL eliphansi liyinhloko enkulu engozini yesifo senhliziyo.
I-Genetics ingadlala indima ku-HDL, futhi abesifazane bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu we-HDL kunamadoda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi indlela yokuphila nokubhema kuyizinto ezimbili zokudala ezifaka isandla ezingeni eliphansi le-HDL futhi zingaphansi kokulawula kwakho, ngokungafani nokwenza kwakho kofuzo noma ubulili bakho.
Triglycerides
Ukuphakama kwe-triglycerides kuphakamisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Izinga le-triglyceride elingenamkhawulo linye eliphakathi kuka-150 kuya ku-199 mg / dL ngenkathi izinga eliphakeme le-triglyceride linye eliyi-200mg / dL noma ngaphezulu.
Nakuba izimo ezithile zofuzo noma imithi ingabangela abanye abantu ukuba babe namazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride, iningi liye laphakamisa amazinga ngenxa yemikhuba emibi yokuphila njengokudla ukudla okunomsoco kakhulu we-carbohydrate, ukuphuza utshwala obuningi, ukubhema ugwayi, nokungazivocavoti Yiqiniso, lokhu kuholela ekuqhathaneni ngokweqile noma ngokweqile.
Ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu
Ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu, awaziwa nangokuthi yi-LDL, abizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi".
Lolu hlobo lwe-lipoprotein lusuka esibindi kuya kwezinye izitho kanye nezicubu emzimbeni, zithwala i-cholesterol lapho kudingeka khona. I-LDL inika amandla ekwakheni amafutha emithanjeni yomuntu, engagcina ekuholele ekunciphiseni nasekuvinjweni kwemithanguzo, okwenza ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo noma ukushaya isisu.
Imihlahlandlela yamanje yamazinga e-LDL yilezi:
- Amazinga e-LDL angaphansi kuka-100 mg / dL abhekwa njengelungile.
- Amazinga e-LDL aphakathi kuka-100 kuya ku-129 mg / dL abhekwa njengeduze noma ngaphezulu.
- Amazinga e-LDL phakathi kuka-130 kuya ku-159 mg / dL abhekwa njengephezulu.
- Amazinga e-LDL phakathi kuka 160 kuya ku-189 mg / dL abhekwa njengephezulu.
- Amazinga e-LDL angaphezu kuka-190 mg / dL abhekwa njengephezulu kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ukudla okuphezulu kumafutha "amabi" afana namafutha agcwele (isibonelo, ibhotela kanye nenyama ebomvu) namafutha esitokisi (isibonelo, ukudla okuthosiwe kanye nezinto ezibhaka) kunomthelela ezingeni eliphakeme le-LDL phakathi kwezinye izinto ezifana nezakhi zofuzo nokuntuleka yomsebenzi womzimba.
Izinga eliphelele le-LDL
Ngenkathi amazinga e-LDL okukhulunywe ngenhla ahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezihle, odokotela abasebenzisi lezi zigaba-basishintshile indlela yabo, okushoyo. Esikhundleni sokukhomba inombolo ethile ye-LDL (ngokwesibonelo, ukukhulisa imithi ye-cholesterol yomuntu kuze kube yilapho i-LDL yabo ingaphansi kuka-130mg / dL), odokotela manje bayiphatha umuntu kanye nempilo yabo yonke "inhliziyo".
Ngamanye amazwi, odokotela basebenzisa izinga LDL lomuntu njengesici esisodwa ekufinyeleleni ingozi yabo jikelele yokuba nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi. Ngokusekelwe kulokho engozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, udokotela angase ancoma ukuziphatha ngendlela yokuphila futhi ngezinye izikhathi imithi yokunciphisa i-cholesterol (ebizwa ngokuthi i- statin ).
Izibonelo zemiqondo yokuziphatha enempilo enempilo zifaka:
- Ukudla ukudla okuncane emafutheni agcwele (kanye namafutha angama-trans)
- Ukusebenzisa nsuku zonke
- Gwema ukubhema
Izwi elivela
Ukuthola amazinga e-cholesterol akhokhiwe yingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kokuvikela. Eqinisweni, ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association, wonke umuntu oneminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu ehlombe uthola amazinga e-cholesterol awo ahlolwe njalo eminyakeni emine kuya kweyisithupha (futhi kaningi, uma unomlando wesifo senhliziyo noma uthatha isithunzi.)
> Imithombo:
> American Heart Association. (2017). Okushoyo Amazinga Akho Cholesterol Yakho.
I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute. (2016). Iyini i-Cholesterol?
> Stone N et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACC / AHA ka-2013 ku-Treatment of Blood Cholesterol ukunciphisa ingozi ye-Atherosclerotic Inhliziyo kubantu abadala. Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice.