Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esiphezulu (TIA), okubizwa nangokuthi i-mini-stroke, ukulahlekelwa okwesikhashana kwemisebenzi ejwayelekile yezinzwa, okubangelwa ukuphazanyiswa okudlulayo kokugeleza kwegazi kube yingxenye yobuchopho.
Umehluko kuphela phakathi kwe-TIA kanye nokushaywa kwangempela ukuthi ku-TIA, ukugeleza kwegazi kubuyiselwa ngaphambi kokuba izicubu zobuchopho zife. Noma ubani oye waba ne-TIA unengozi enkulu yokuba ne-stroke ephelele esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ube ne-TIA, kubalulekile ukuthi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-TIA zifana nezibonakaliso zesifo, ngaphandle kokuthi izimpawu ze-TIA ziyahamba phakathi kwamaminithi amahora.
Izimpawu eziqondile ongazenza nge-TIA zingahluka kakhulu, futhi zithembele kunoma yiliphi ingxenye nokuthi ubuchopho buningi bunqatshelwe ukugeleza kwegazi. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-TIA zihlanganisa:
- Ubuthakathaka esandleni, ingalo, umlenze, ubuso, ulimi, noma ubuso
- Ubumbulu esandleni, ingalo, umlenze, ubuso, ulimi, noma ubuso
- Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma ngokubumbene
- Ukuzondeka okungaqondakali, ngokuvamile nge-vertigo (ukuzwa ukuthi igumbi liyaphenya)
- Umbono ophindwe kabili, ukulahlekelwa okuncane kombono, noma ezinye ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo okungazelelwe
I-TIA ihlukaniswa ngengozi kuphela lapho izimpawu zizinqumela ngokwazo. Kuze kube leso sikhathi, kuzo zonke izinhloso ezingokoqobo, unesifo sokushaya. Uma wena noma othandekayo uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, udinga ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha.
Ungalindi ukuze ubone ukuthi izinto ziba ngcono kanjani!
Izimbangela
Ama-TIA abangelwa yizinqubo ezifanayo zesifo eziveza ukonakala - ukuvinjelwa kwemithanguzo ebuchosheni, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye- atherosclerosis noma ukuxolisa .
Umehluko kuphela wukuthi ngokuphazamiseka, ukuvinjelwa kuqhubeka isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuveza ukufa kwezicubu zobuchopho.
Nge-TIA ukuvinjelwa kungakapheli, futhi izicubu zobuchopho zithola uma ukuvinjelwa kuthuthuka.
Ngakho-ke ama-TIA afana ne- angina engaqiniseki , isimo lapho ukuvimbela okwesikhashana emithanjeni ye- coronary kuveza ubuhlungu besifuba . Futhi njengoba nje i-angina engazinzile ngokuvamile iveza infarction egcwele myocardial , okwenzeka TIA kubonisa ukuthi uhlangothi olugcwele cishe kungenzeka.
Ngenxa yokuthi ingozi yokushaywa isisu iphezulu kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala kuya kwamasonto emva kwe-TIA, ukubambezeleka ekufuneni usizo lwezokwelapha kungaba yingozi.
Ukwelapha
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha umuntu oye waba ne-TIA ukuvimbela isifo.
Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi unayo i-TIA, cishe uzoba nokuhlolwa okulandelayo noma ngaphezulu, okuhloswe ukukhomba imbangela eqondile yomcimbi:
- Ukucabanga ngebongo nge- scan noma i-MRI ukuskena
- Ukucatshangelwa kwemithambo emikhulu yegazi enikeza ubuchopho, kungaba nge-CT scanning noma nge-catheterization
- Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo, ngokuvamile nge- echocardiography , ukufuna umthombo wezindwangu zegazi ezingabonakalisa ebuchosheni
Uma lokhu kuhlolwa sekuphelile, ukwelashwa udokotela wakho okutusa kuyoxhomeka ngokuyinhloko kulokho okutholiwe. Ukwelapha kaningi kuhlanganisa:
- Ukuphatha ngokucophelela izici ezingozini eziveza ukutholakala kwe-atherosclerosis, njengokuphatha i- hypertension kanye ne- cholesterol , ukuthola ukuphathwa kahle kwesifo sikashukela, nokukhuthaza (ukufuna, uma kungenzeka) ukuyeka ukubhema .
- I-antiplatelet therapy yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-clots angavamile ngaphakathi kwe-arteries, ne-aspirin, i-aspirin kanye ne-dipyridamole, noma i-Plavix (clopidogrel).
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Anticoagulation ne- Coumadin (warfarin).
- Uma ukuvinjelwa okuphawulekayo emthonjeni we-carotid kutholakala, udokotela wakho angancoma "i- carotid endarterectomy " (ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kokuvinjelwa). Ukwehla komshini we-carotid, ngenkathi sekuphelile, akuboniswanga ngokucacile ukuthi kuphephile noma kusebenza njengokwakhiwa kokuhlinzwa.
Isifingqo
I-TIA iyinkinga enkulu kakhulu yezokwelapha, nakuba izimpawu zizinqumela zodwa. Ngokufuna ukwelashwa okusheshayo ngemuva kwe-TIA, unganciphisa kakhulu izimo zakho zokuba nesifo sohlangothi olugcwele.
Imithombo:
Easton, JD, Saver, JL, Albers, GW, et al. Incazelo kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esedlule. Isitatimende Scientific AHA / ASA. Isigameko sika-2009; 40: 2276.
Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Izikhombandlela zokuvimbela ukulimala kweziguli ezine-stroke kanye nezikhathi ezincane zokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic: isiqondiso sabasebenzi bezempilo be-American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. ISroke 2014; 45: 2160.