Ngokusobala, sizwa okuningi ngokubhekene nokukhuluphala ngokweqile kulezi zinsuku. Njengoba kunikezwe ingcebo yolwazi nokucwaninga okuqhubekayo ngezimbangela nokuphathwa kokukhuluphala, kuyasiza ukuba nokuqonda okusebenzayo kwamanye amagama aphonswa nxazonke lapho ekhuluma ngokukhuluphala ngokweqile nokukhuluphala.
Izincazelo
Igama elithi "obuthakathaka," ngokusho kukaStedman's Medical Dictionary, livela kulesiLatini elithi "obesus," okusho ukuthi "amafutha," futhi yingxenye eyedlule ye "obedere," okusho ukuthi "udle, udle."
I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (i-CDC) ichaza ukukhuluphala kubantu abadala njenge-index mass mass (BMI) ka-30.0 (kg / m2) noma ngaphezulu, kanti i-BMI ka-25.0 - 29.9 ibonisa ukuthi kunesisindo.
Kuyini "Ukukhuluphala Okubuhlungu"?
Igama elithi "ukukhuluphala ngokweqile" libhekisela ekukhulupheni "okwanele ukuvimbela umsebenzi ojwayelekile noma umsebenzi we-physiologic" (Stedman's). Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kutholakala ku-BMI ye-40.0 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukukhuluphala njengesifo
Ngo-2013, i-American Medical Association (AMA) yabiza ngokusemthethweni ukuthi ukukhuluphala kube yisifo, ngokuvuma "umthelela omkhulu wezenzo nezomnotho wokukhuluphala okudinga ukwelashwa, ukucwaninga nokufundiswa kwezinye izifo zezokwelapha ezinkulu emhlabeni jikelele."
Umthelela wokuvuma ngokusemthethweni ukukhuluphala ngokweqile njengesifo esingapheli kulindelwe kulindeleke ukuthi kungabikho ukuqwashisa ngenkinga emphakathini jikelele kodwa futhi nokuthinta inqubomgomo kuwo wonke amazinga. Ithemba liwukuthi abenzi bomthetho bazozizwa benesidingo esikhulu sokuxhaswa futhi basebenzise ukwelapha ngokweqile kanye nezinhlelo zokungenela, ngenkathi abakhokhi benkampani yangaphandle bayoba amathuba okuphindisela odokotela nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze baphathe ukwelashwa nokuphathwa kokukhuluphala njengesifo esaziwayo.
Kungani Lezi Izincazelo Zibalulekile?
Izilinganiso ze-BMI zisetshenziselwa njengengxenye yezinqubo eziqondiswayo zokuqondisa ukuthi iziphi iziguli ezingase zifanele ukuhlinzeka isisindo-ukulahlekelwa noma imithi yokulahlekelwa isisindo. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa "kokukhuluphala ngokweqile," okususelwe kwisilinganiso se-BMI esingu-40.0 noma ngaphezulu, kungase kulungele isiguli ukwelashwa nge-bariatric (ukuhlinzwa kwesisindo-ukulahleka) noma imithi ethile yokulwa nokukhuluphala.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-BMI ukuchaza isigaba I, isigaba II, nokukhuluphala kwesigaba III. Ngokusho kwemihlahlandlela kazwelonke entsha, ukuba ne-BMI kusuka ku-30.0 kuya ku-34.9 ibeka isiguli esigabeni "sesigaba esiphezulu"; i-BMI kusuka ku-35.0 kuya ku-39.9 iveza isigaba "sesigaba sesibili esiphezulu"; futhi i-BMI ye-40.0 noma ngaphezulu ibonisa ukuthi "isigaba sika-III sinzima kakhulu (isisindo esikhulu kakhulu").
Ukulinganisa okunjalo kungabonisa izinga lezinkinga zokugula ngokweqile, okufana nomdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, ukuphuza umoya , ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumula kwesibindi , kanye nohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela kusukela engozini enkulu yalezi zinkinga ezikhuphuka ngokulingana nokunyuka kwe-BMI kanye nobukhulu bokukhuluphala .
Imithombo:
I-American Medical Association Indlu Yezihambeli: Isixazululo 420 - Ukuqaphela Ukukhuluphala Njengesifo. Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al.
Benson SS. Ukukhuluphala e-Tennessee: Umthelela weNqubomgomo wokuThengisa ubukhulu be-Labeling njenge "Izifo." I-Tennessee Medicine. Januwari 2014; 27-30.
Umhlahlandlela we-AHA / ACC / TOS ka-2013 wokuphathwa kokuqhathaniswa nokukhululeka kwabantu abadala: Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice kanye ne-Obesity Society. Ukujikeleza . eshicilelwe ku-Novemba 12, 2013.
Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P. Braunwald Inhliziyo Yesifo: Incwadi Yomuthi Wezinhliziyo. 9th ed. I-Ch. 79. Elsevier: Saunders, 2012.
> I-Stedman's Medical Dictionary. I-25th Edition. Williams & Wilkins. 1990.