Thola ukuthi usengozini
Uma uphuza ngaphezu kweziqondiso eziphakanyisiwe zokusebenzisa utshwala obuphansi, awugcini nje ukuthi uzibeka engozini yokuthuthukisa udoti lokusebenzisa utshwala, kodwa ukwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zenhliziyo.
Kunesilinganiso esikhulu socwaningo lwesayensi esibonisa ingozi ekhulayo yezinkinga zenhliziyo kubantu abaphuza utshwala ngokweqile noma kakhulu.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu cwaningo, iNational Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) isungule iziqondiso zokuphuza "okuphephile" nokuphuza okuphezulu "ukuphuza okuphezulu".
Nazi amazinga ngqo okuphuza utshwala ukuthi i-NIAAA ibona "ingozi encane:"
- Kubantu , 4 noma iziphuzo ezimbalwa ngosuku, futhi iziphuzo ezingaphansi kuka-14 ngesonto
- Kwabesifazane , 3 noma iziphuzo ezimbalwa ngosuku, futhi ezingaphezu kuka-7 iziphuzo ngesonto
Isibonelo, uma ungumuntu wesilisa futhi uphuza i-12-pack of ubhiya phakathi nesonto bese uphuza uphethiloli owu-6 phakathi nempelasonto, udlula imihlahlandlela enconyiwe ngeziphuzo ezingu-4. Uma ungowesifazane futhi uphuze izibuko ezimbili zewayini nsuku zonke, uphuza kabili inani eliphakanyiswayo eliphephile.
Uma udlula imikhombandlela yansuku zonke engenhla, ubhekwa njengomuntu ophuza utshwala. Uma udlula imihlahlandlela yamasonto onke uzobe usungenwe utshwala obunzima. Bobabili ukuphuza ngokweqile nokuphuza ngokweqile kunezingozi zezempilo ezincane nezesikhathi eside.
Ingozi Yomcimbi Wenhliziyo Esheshayo
Ngisho noma uphuza ngaphakathi "izinkomba eziphansi", akusho ukuthi akukho nhlobo engozini. Ukuphuza noma yikuphi ukuphuza utshwala nhlobo kungakwandisa ingozi yokuba nomcimbi we-cardiovascular ngokushesha phakathi namahora angu-24 alandelayo.
Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwaqhutshwa ngokuphathelene nemiphumela ye-cardiovascular of the alcohol and moderate use of alcohol in the short and long term.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezifundo ezingama-23 ezibandakanya abahlanganyeli abangu-29 457 kwenziwa nguMosotofsky kanye nozakwabo ukukhomba imiphumela yomzimba kokuphuza okulinganayo nokuphuza kulezi zingozi.
Abaphenyi bahlola ubuhlobo phakathi kokudla kotshwala futhi:
Esicwaningweni esashicilelwe encwadini ye- Circulation , abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi noma yikuphi ukuphuza utshwala kwandisa ingozi yomqondo wezinhliziyo phakathi kwamahora angu-24 okuqala, kodwa kuphela ukudla okudakayo kotshwala kwaqhubeka ingozi kuze kube ngesonto.
Eqinisweni, ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukungenisa ngokweqile utshwala kungase kube nomthelela wokuvikela kuze kube ngesonto. Abaphuza abaphuzile (iziphuzo ezi-2-4) babengamaphesenti angama-30 amathuba okuba ne-infarction ye-myocardial noma isifo esiyingozi phakathi nesonto, kanti amaphesenti angu-19 amathuba okuba ne-ischemic stroke, uma kuqhathaniswa neziphuzo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iziphuzo eziphuza kakhulu zazingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ukuthi zibe nomcimbi we-cardiovascular amahora angu-24 (iziphuzo ezingu-6-9) kanye namathuba angaphezu kwesithupha ngesonto (iziphuzo ezingu-19-30).
Utshwala Nengozi Yokufa
Okunye ukuhlaziywa kwezicwaningo ezingu-84 kuhlolisise umphumela wokuphuza utshwala kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo ze-cardiovascular:
- Ukufa okuphelele okuvela ezifweni zenhliziyo
- Ukukhubazeka nokufa okuvela e-coronary heart disease, futhi
- Ukukhubazeka nokufa ngenxa yesifo
Ukuhlaziywa, okuholwa yi-PE Ronksley nabangane, bathole ukuthi ukukhanya ukulinganisela ukuphuza utshwala kwahlanganiswa nomngcipheko omncane wokuthola imiphumela eminingi yezinhliziyo, kodwa izinga lokuvikelwa lala miphumela lihlotshaniswa nesilinganiso sokuphuza ngisho nangaphansi kweziqondiso ze-NIAAA.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesilinganiso-ukuphendula kubonisa ukuthi ingozi ephansi kunazo zonke zokufa kwe-heart coronary zenzeka ngeziphuzo ezingu-1-2 ngosuku kanye nokufa kwesifo sohlangothi, kwenzeka ngo-1 isiphuzo ngosuku, uma kuqhathaniswa neziphuzo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kukaRonksley kungahunyushwa ukukhombisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuphuza ngaphezu kweziphuzo ezimbili ngosuku kukhulisa ingozi yokufa ngesifo senhliziyo kanye nanoma yiliphi izinga lokuphuza utshwala ngaphezu kwesiphuzo esisodwa ngosuku lungandisa ingozi yokufa ngesifo, uma kuqhathaniswa neziphuzo.
Ingozi Ephakeme Kwabesifazane Abaphuza
Abanye abaphenyi bahlolisisa izifundo ezingu-23 ezibandakanya abahlanganyeli abangu-489 686 ukubona ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kokuphuza utshwala kanye nemiphumela emikhulu yezinhliziyo, kanye nokufa kwabantu bonke, kwakukhulu kwabesifazane uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda.
Ukuhlaziywa, okuholwa ngu-YL Zheng kanye nozakwethu, kuqhathanisa ukulinganisela kokuphuza ngokweqile ukuya ekudleni okwedlulele kunazo zonke noma ukunganakwa kwabesifazane nabesilisa.
Abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi abaphuza abesilisa abathintekayo besisindo esinzima babeneengozi enkulu yokufa kwabantu uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda.
Ngokuphawulekayo, lolu cwaningo lwembula ukuthi kwakungekho umehluko engozini yemiphumela emikhulu yezinhliziyo noma ukufa okuphelele phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa abaphuza kakhulu noma abaphuza kakhulu.
Ukwanda okukhulu kwengozi kwenzeka phakathi kwabesifazane abaphuza izidakamizwa nabesilisa abaphuza iziphuzo, abacwaningi bathola.
Abacwaningi batusa ukuthi abesifazane abasha, ikakhulukazi labo abanokuphuza ngokweqile, bacabange ukulawula ukudla kwabo utshwala.
Ukuphuza okulinganayo nokushaya kwenhliziyo
Okunye ukuhlaziywa kwezifundo eziyisishiyagalombili ezicwaninga ezibandakanya abahlanganyeli abangu-202 378 bahlola ingozi yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo emazingeni alandelayo okusetshenziswa kotshwala:
- 3 iziphuzo ngesonto
- Iziphuzo ezingu-7 ngesonto
- 10 iziphuzo ngesonto
- Iziphuzo ezingu-14 ngesonto
- Iziphuzo ezingu-21 ngesonto
Kuwo wonke amazinga okuphuza utshwala ngaphansi kweziphuzo eziyi-14 ngesonto, abaphenyo babika "ubudlelwane obungezona obala" phakathi kokusetshenziswa kotshwala kanye nengozi yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo .
Kodwa-ke, ngeziphuzo ezingu-14 ngesonto, ingozi ehambisana nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo phakathi kwababambi iqhaza yaqala ukufika ngamaphesenti angu-10 aphezulu kunalabo abaphuzayo futhi iziphuzo ezingu-21 ngesonto zaqala ukufika ngamaphesenti angama-48 ngaphezulu.
Ucwaningo luphetha ngokuthi ukuphuza utshwala ngokulinganisela kuhlobene nengozi encane yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kodwa lokho kusho ukuthi iziphuzo ezingaphansi kwezi-2 ngosuku.
Ukusetshenziswa Utshwala Namafibrillation E-Atrial
Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala sekuyisikhathi eside kuhlotshaniswa nobungozi obuningi bokuphefumula kwe-atrial, kodwa okuncane okuye kwenziwa okwenziwe ekukhanyeni kuya ekuphuzeni okulinganiselwe esimweni.
Ucwaningo lwamadoda nabesifazane abangamaphesenti angu-79 019 eminyakeni engama-11 kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezifundo eziyisikhombisa zocwaningo ezibandakanya abanye abahlanganyeli abangu-12,554 abahlola umphumela wokusetshenziswa kotshwala okususelwa kwesiphuzo esisodwa ngesonto kuya kweziphuzo ezingu-21 ngesonto lapho kutholakala khona i-fibrillation ye-atrial.
I-SC Larrson nabangane bathole ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokuphuza utshwala kanye nengozi ye-fibrillation ye-atrial. Njengoba inani leziphuzo ngesonto likhuphuka, ingozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-fibrillation ye-atrial yanda.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nabanganaki, isifundo sathola amaphesenti alandelayo enengozi eyengeziwe yokweqabisa i-atrial kulezi zinhlobo zokusetshenziswa kotshwala:
- isiphuzo esisodwa ngosuku, amaphesenti angu-8
- iziphuzo ezimbili ngosuku, amaphesenti angu-17
- iziphuzo ezintathu ngosuku, amaphesenti angu-26
- iziphuzo ezine ngosuku, amaphesenti angu-36
- iziphuzo eziyisihlanu ngosuku, amaphesenti angu-47
Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi ukuphuza utshwala, ngisho nasezingeni elilinganiselwe, kuyisici esiyingozi ekufakeni i-atrial fibrillation.
Izimo eziphuthumayo zokuphuza nezinye izingozi
Lezi zingozi ezingenhla zokuphuza emazingeni aphakeme ukuthi imihlahlandlela enconywayo iphathelene nezinkinga zenhliziyo kuphela. Kunezinye izimo eziningi zempilo ezingathintwa utshwala.
Imithombo:
I-Larrson SC, et al. "Ukusetshenziswa Kokudakwa Kobungozi Nengozi Ye-Fibrillation Yase-Atrial: Isifundo Esifunayo Ne-Dose-Ukuphendula I-Meta-Analysis." Journal of the American College of Cardiology July 2014
I-Larrson SC, et al. "Ukusetshenziswa Kotshwala Nengozini Yokuhluleka Inhliziyo: I-Dose-Ukuphendula Nge-Meta-Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinto Ezifunayo." I-European Journal of Heart Inselele April 2015
Mosotofsky E, et al. "Utshwala Nengozi Esheshayo Yezenzakalo Ze-Cardiovascular: Ukubuyekezwa Nesimo Esihlelekile-Ukuphendula I-Meta-Analysis." Ukujikeleza NgoMashi 2016
Ronksley PE, et al. "Ukusebenzisana Kokusetshenziswa Kotshwala Ngezifo Ezikhethwe Izifo Zeenhliziyo Zomzimba: Ukubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Nokuhlaziywa Kwama-Meta." I-British Medical Journal ngoFebhuwari 2011
UZheng YL, et al. "Ukuphuza utshwala obuthakathaka nokuhlanganiswa kweMiphumela emikhulu yezinhliziyo ezenzelwe abesifazane ngokuqhathaniswa namadoda: Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-Studious Observational Studies." I-BMC Impilo Yomphakathi August 2015