Uma une- coronary artery disease (i-CAD), kufanele uthathe ukwelashwa kwayo njengokufana nokulwa nempi: Kuyinto emzabalazo yesikhathi eside okufanele ilwe emaphethelweni amaningi ahlukene, futhi uma uvumela ukuba uqaphele ungakhokha phezulu intengo. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola ukuthi une-CAD, wena nodokotela wakho ninokuningi okufanele nikulungele, futhi izinqumo eziningi zokwenza.
Lesi sihloko sichaza izinto okudingayo okufanele uzicabangele njengoba wena nodokotela wakho benquma ngendlela efanele yokuphatha isifo senhliziyo yakho . Ezinye zezokwelapha (njengokuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo) kufanele zamukelwe yilowo nalowo wesiguli esisodwa nge-CAD. Okunye okukhethwa kukho (okufana nokuhlinzekwa nge-bypass noma i- angioplasty ne-stenting) kulungile kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi konke okumele kwenziwe kwenziwa, wena nodokotela wakho kuzodinga ngokuqondile futhi uphendule ngokucophelela imibuzo emithathu:
- Yini okufanele uyenze ukuvimbela ischemia yenhliziyo ne-angina?
- Yini okufanele uyenze ukuvimbela ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo nezinye izimo eziphuthumayo zenhliziyo?
- Yini okufanele uyenze ukuze unciphise noma umise ukuwohloka kwe-CAD yakho?
Uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha aluphelelanga ngaphandle kokuthi uphendule yonke le mibuzo emithathu ebalulekile.
Unganciphisa Kanjani Ingozi Yakho Yezinhliziyo I-Ischemia ne-Angina?
I-CAD ibangelwa yi- atherosclerosis , isifo esibangela amapulanka ukuba akhiwe ezindongeni ze- coronary arteries .
Lezo zinhlamvu zingagcina zikhiphe ngokuphelele imishanguzo, eholela ekutheni i- myocardial infarction (ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo). Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba lokho kwenzeke, ukuvimba okuyingxenye ngokuvamile kuvame ukukhula emithanjeni ye-coronary.
Lokhu kubalulekile empilweni yakho ngoba ukuvinjelwa okuyingxenye yemithambo ye-coronary kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ensikeni yakho yenhliziyo.
Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi inhlanzi yezinhliziyo yakho ingase ithole lonke igazi eliyidinga ngenkathi ukhululekile futhi uphumule, lezi zivimbela eziyingxenye zingavimbela inhlitiyo yakho yenhliziyo ekutholeni umthamo owanele we-oksijini lapho usebenzisa umzimba noma ucindezelekile . Phakathi nalezi zikhathi - lapho inhliziyo yakho idinga oksijithali okwedlula uketshezi olungavunyelwe ukuvinjelwa komzimba kunganikela - inhliziyo yakho ye-muscle isipiliyoni se- ischemia . I-oxygen-starved (ischemic) inhliziyo ye-muscle ingabangela ukuzwa okubuhlungu noma okungakhululekile esikubhekisela njenge-angina. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwe-angina lubangelwa ukuvinjelwa okuqinile, futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-angina ithiqiza kwenzeka ngokulinganayo (okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca okuthile), siyibiza ngokuthi i- angina ezinzile .
Kunezinketho ezimbili zokwelapha ezijwayelekile zokuvimbela ischemia kanye nama-angina azinzile ezigulini ezine-CAD.
- Indlela yokuqala kanye nalesi sivame ukuzwa kabanzi mayelana nokusebenzisa okuthiwa "ukwelapha okungahambi" - okuwukuthi, ukusebenzisa noma ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzwa noma i-angioplasty futhi ivuselela ukuxazulula ukuvimbela okuthile ngaphakathi kwemithambo ye-coronary.
- Indlela yesibili ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokwelapha okungezona okuhlinzeka, okungezona uketshezi.
Zombili izindlela zingasebenza kakhulu, futhi indlela ngayinye ithatha izinzuzo noma izinkinga zayo.
Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi kubantu abaningi abane-angina esinezinzile, imiphumela kanye nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha kufana nokutheleleka kwe-invasive. Kuzodingeka ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokuthi iyiphi indlela efanelekile kuwe - ngokuvamile inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela ezimbili idingekile.
Ungakuvimbela Kanjani Ukuhlasela Kwezinhliziyo Nezinye Izinkinga Ezinzima Nge-CAD?
Ukwengeza kancane kancane ekukhuleni kwamakhemikhali emithanjeni yakho ye-coronary, abantu abane-CAD nabo bangengozi yokulimala okungazelelwe , okuyinto odokotela ababiza ngokuthi i-coronary syndrome enamandla (ACS). I-ACS ibangelwa ukwakheka okungazelelwe kwe-clot blood (thrombosis) ngaphakathi kwe-artery coronary, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuphuka kwesibhakabhaka odongeni lomthambo.
I-ACS ingabangela i-angina engazinzile noma ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo. Noma yiliphi uhlobo lwe-ACS yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha .
Ngenxa yokuthi noma ubani onama-CAD angathuthuka i-ACS - ngisho nabantu abangenawo ama-blockages "abalulekile" kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu bonke abane-CAD ukuba babe ukwelashwa ukusiza ukuvimbela i-ACS . Ungathatha izinyathelo ezimbalwa ukusiza ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko, futhi udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalowo nalowo.
Ungakhipha Kanjani Noma Uvimbe Ukuvusa Kwe-CAD?
I-aestrosclerosis yisifo esingapheli, esiqhubekayo esibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi . Ngakho-ke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimaphi amanye ama-CAD ongayithola, ngaphandle kokuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa noma ukuyeka ukuhamba kwesikhathi kwe-atherosclerosis, ungalindela ukuthuthukisa izinkinga eziningi ngokwesikhathi.
Kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-CAD ngenqubo enobudlova yokuguqula indlela yokuphila kanye nokwelashwa, kuhlanganise nokwelashwa okunamandla okulwa ne-cholesterol (ngokuvamile okudinga izitho zomzimba), ukulawula isisindo, ukuzivocavoca, ukuqeda ukubhema , ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi , nokulawula ngokucophelela isifo sikashukela , uma unayo.
Ukuyifinyelela
Ukwenza konke lokhu ngeke kube lula, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwina impi ngesifo sakho senhliziyo. Ngezindlela eziningi, isifo senhliziyo sifana nesinye isifo esivamile, umdlavuza. Njengomdlavuza, i-CAD yisifo esisongela ukuphila okungenzeka ukuthi sikubulale, ngokushesha noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphandle kokuthi siphathwe ngokwanele. Futhi, njengomdlavuza, ukwelashwa kunzima. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuzibophezela okujulile, futhi ngempela kudingekile ushintsho oluyisisekelo esimweni sengqondo nokugxila. Uma unomdlavuza, cishe uzokwamukela ukuthi noma yini-ithatha isimo sengqondo. Udinga ukwamukela isimo sengqondo esifanayo manje: Ukuphila kwakho kuxhomeke kulo.
> Imithombo:
> Fihn SD, Gardin JM, Abrams J, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACCF / AHA / ACP / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS we-Diagnosis and Management of Iziguli ezine-Stable Ischemic Heart Disease: Umbiko we-American College of Cardiology Foundation / i-American Heart Association eqenjini lezinqubo zokuziphatha, kanye ne-American I-College of Physicians, i-American Association ye-Thoracic Surgery, i-Preventive Cardiovascular Association Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, kanye neNhlangano Yezifo Ezihlinzayo Zezintambo. Ukujikeleza ngo-2012; 126: e354.
> Amalungu e-Task Force, i-Montalescot G, iSechtem U, et al. Imihlahlandlela ye-ESC ka-2013 ekuphathweni kwe-Stable Coronary Artery Disease: i-Task Force ku-Management of Stable Coronary Artery Disease ye-European Society of Cardiology. I-Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 2949.