Uma unesihlobo esisheshayo esitholakale sinomdlavuza webele noma we-ovarian, ungase uthwale ukuguquguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okwandisa ingozi yalezi zifo. Amaphesenti angaphansi kuka-10 azo zonke izifo zomdlavuza webele ezitholakala e-US ahlobene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo.
Ezinye izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo azizuzi njengefa kodwa ziyi-somatic, okusho ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zishintsha ngesikhathi sakho sokuphila futhi ungalungiswa.
Abantu abakulezi zigaba banokuthile okukhethayo mayelana nokuvimbela nokwelapha umdlavuza webele, kodwa kudingeka baqiniseke ukuthi banezinhlobo zokuguqula izakhi zofuzo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Genetic
Abesilisa nabesilisa abaguqule izinguquko zegciwane le- BRCA1 ne-BRCA2 baphezulu kunengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza webele. Lezi zakhi zofuzo nazo zihlobene nengozi enkulu ye-ovarian, pancreatic, ne-prostate kancer.
Njengoba ucwaningo lwezofuzo luqhubeka, ososayensi bathola ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezibonisa ubungozi besifuba nezinye izifo zomdlavuza, kanye nezimo ezinobungozi. Isivivinyo senziwa esampula yegazi, kodwa njengoba imiphumela ingaguqula impilo, ukululekwa ngokwezakhi zofuzo kunconywa kanye.
Ukwenza isinqumbo
Abantu abanomlando womndeni wesifo somdlavuza webele noma i-ovarian umdlavuza bangase baphathe isakhi sofuzo se-BRCA. Amadoda nabesifazane abakhathazekile ngengozi yomdlavuza webele bangase bafune ukuvakashela umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo ukuze baxoxe ngomlando wempilo yomndeni wabo, kanye nezinye izici, ukuthola ukuthi ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungaba usizo yini.
Uma usuvele uthola ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza webele, isampula yegazi ingahlolwa, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuklama ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, okwesikhashana, nokufanelekile ukubulala umdlavuza wakho nokuvimbela ukuphindaphindiwe. Amaqembu aphezulu kakhulu ahlanganisa:
- U-Ashkenazi okhokho bamaJuda (eMpumalanga naseMpumalanga Yurophu)
- Isihlobo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu se-BRCA, owesifazane noma owesilisa
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho ezihlotsheni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu (umndeni oseduze)
- Amalungu omndeni athola umdlavuza webele ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-50
- Ilungu lomndeni elisheshayo elinomdlavuza kokubili amabele
- Amacala omndeni amaningana omdlavuza we-ovarian
Kunezizathu ezithile zokuba nokuhlolwa kofuzo, njengokuthi:
- Hlela ukuthi ngabe unamajethi we-BRCA aguqule
- Hlola izinqumo zokuvimbela
- Yenza ngokwezifiso izinketho zokwelapha
- Gwema ngokweqile noma ngaphansi kwelashwa
- Nciphise imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa
- Ukwelashwa okufanele ukuvimbela ukuphindaphindiwe
Ukumboza Izindleko
Kuye ngokuthi iyiphi inkampani oyi-insured nayo, umshuwalense wakho wezempilo kungenzeka noma angasifaki ukuhlolwa. Ukulandelana okugcwele kokubili izakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA ezihlola noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa okungahle kwenzeke kuzobiza cishe u-$ 2,400. Ukuhlolwa kwe-genetic at-home kubiza phakathi kuka- $ 295 kuya ku-$ 1,200. Noma ungase uhlolwe izintathu eziguquguqukayo ze-BRCA ezingaba ngu-$ 650. I-medicaid ayifuni izindleko zokuhlolwa.
Imiphumela nokulandelwa
Uma unquma ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa kofuzo, uzonikeza isampula segazi noma izicubu ezizothunyelwa ebhodini elikhethekile lokuhlola. Imiphumela izobuyiselwa emavikini amane noma amahlanu futhi kufanele uhlangane nomeluleki wezofuzo ukuze ubuyekeze futhi uxoxe ngemiphumela yakho.
Uzothola isifinyezo esibhaliwe semiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa.
Qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda imiphumela yakho kanye nezinketho zokuvimbela noma ukwelashwa. Awungadingi ukulandelwa okunye kunokuhlala uqaphele futhi uqiniseke ukuthi unezimpawu ezivamile zokuzivivinya kanye nokuhlolwa kwebele .
Ukuthatha Isinyathelo
Ukuhlolwa okuhle nge-BRCA1 noma kwe-BRCA2 kungaba yinto yokusebenza ngakwesokunene sakho. Ungase ucabange ngokucophelela izinketho zakho zokuvimbela nokwelashwa kanye nezinye izinto ezibeka ingozi-yobudala, ubuhlanga, imvelo, ukudla, impilo yonke-ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, noma izidakamizwa ze-hormonal.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlolwa okungalungile akusona isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokuthi ngeke uthuthukise umdlavuza webele ngoba ezinye izici ezinjengokusebenzisa utshwala , ukubhema , indlela yokuphila yangasese, iminyaka yobudala, isimo se-menopausal , noma ezinye izinto ezingaziwa engozini zofuzo zingase zande ingozi yakho.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-DIY
Ungalawula i-kit yokuhlolwa kwe-genetic kit, kodwa ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kwezidakamizwa, ngeke uthole imiphumela kungakapheli imizuzu. Uma ikhathi ifika, kuzodingeka uhambe uye emtholampilo ukudweba kwegazi futhi isampuli yakho izothunyelwa ebhodini.
Imiphumela izobuyela ngemuva kwenyanga, ebikwe kuwe ngefoni kanye nokubhala. Imiphumela iyosebenza njengaleyo oyitholayo kumeluleki wezakhi zofuzo, kodwa ngeke kube nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo futhi akukho myalelo wezokwelapha mayelana nokubhekana nemiphumela.
Ukucwaswa ngokobuzwe
E-US, uMthetho we-Federal Health Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) uvimbela ukucwaswa ngesisekelo sezakhi zofuzo. Ngeke ulahlekelwe noma unqatshelwe umshuwalense wezempilo uma unesifo somdlavuza wesifo sebele.
> Imithombo:
> Federal Trade Commission. Amaqiniso wabathengi. Izivivinyo ze-Genetic At Home: I-Dose Enempilo Yokungabaza Kungaba Yimibuzo Enhle kakhulu. Julayi 2006.
> National Cancer Institute. Amakhwabhenki, Umq. 6, Issue 3, Meyi 23, 2006. I-Cancer Diagnostics: Ukukwazisa Ukuthuthukiswa Kwemithi Ye-Cancer Treatment.