Uhlolo Olubanzi Lwe-Cancer Diagnosis
Ukubona umdlavuza webele akuyona inqubo eyodwa-yesinyathelo; kuhilela ukuhlolwa kanye nezinqubo zokubona izinguquko ezenzeka ebusweni okungenzeka noma okungenayo umdlavuza. Inqubo ingaqala lapho:
1. Phakathi nonyaka wakho wenyama, udokotela wakho uhlola ukuhlolwa kwesifuba bese ethola ukungavamile kwebele.
2. Wenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho noma umjozi wezinzwa ngemuva kokubona ushintsho ekubukeni kwesifuba sakho, noma ukuthola isisindo, isisindo noma ukuqina esifubeni sakho.
Nakuba izimbungulu eziningi zingekho umdlavuza, zonke izimpumputhe kanye nokwehla kwegazi kufanele zibonwe futhi zihlolwe.
Ngenxa yokuthi akuzona zonke izifo zomdlavuza zesifuba ezitholakalayo, yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi udokotela wakho wazi noma yiziphi ezinye izinguquko ongazibona noma izimpawu ongase uzibonele, njengokuthi: ingono ephikisiwe, isikhumba esikhwambile esifubeni, esibomvu noma esikhumbeni, sanda Ubukhulu besifuba abuhlobene nomjikelezo wesimiso, ubuhlungu bezinsipho, ukukhishwa kwengono, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma izilonda ze-lymph swelled ku-armpit.
3. I-mammogram yakho yaminyaka yonke ithola okuthile okusolisayo ngomdlavuza wesifuba.
Uma ngabe kukhona i-mammogram ebonisa okuthile okusolisayo ngomdlavuza wesifuba, udokotela wakho noma umama wakho wezinkinga zokubeletha angase akuphakamise ukuthi ubonwe ngudokotela ohlinzayo webele. Kuzo zonke izimo, uzothunyelwa ukuhlolwa okungeziwe okungabandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kanye ne-biopsy.
Izivivinyo zokucabanga: I-Mammogram, i-Ultrasound, i-MRI
I-mammogram isithombe se-X-Ray sesifuba. Ama-mammograms angathola izimo ezincelisayo zesifuba futhi abone okuthile okusolisayo ngomdlavuza webele. I-mammogram iyisisindo esibalulekile sokutholakala ekuqaleni esingathola umdlavuza webele kuze kube seminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuba izwe wena noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwebele lomtholampilo.
Ukufaniswa kwe-Breast Magnetic Resonance (MRI)
Ukufaniswa kweMagnetic Resonance (MRI) isebenzisa amasimu amakhulu ukudala isithombe sesifuba. Kungase kunconywe i-MRI yesifuba ukusiza ekuhloleni umdlavuza webele kwezinye izimo. Ayisetshenziselwa ukuthola umdlavuza webele kuwo wonke owesifazane njengoba engasebenzi njengamamogram for izimo ezithile zesifuba.
I-Ultrasound
I-Breast Ultrasound yenza izithombe zesifuba zisebenzisa amagagasi omsindo. Ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kokulandelela ngemva kokumamemogram okunokutholwa okungavamile, i-breast ultrasound iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-cyst egcwala amanzi kanye nesisindo esiqinile esingase sibe nomdlavuza noma esingenalo umdlavuza.
Nakuba lezi zindlela ezintathu zokucabanga zingasiza ekuhloleni umdlavuza webele, i-biopsy yiyona kuphela yokuhlolwa okungenza ukuxilongwa ngokuqondile komdlavuza webele.
I-Breast Biopsies
Ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwesifuba udokotela ohlinzayo ususa isampula esincane esiswini esiswini esiye sabonakala sinezinto ezisolisayo ngomdlavuza webele. Lezi zicubu zihlolwe futhi zihlolwe ngumuntu we-pathologist ngaphansi kwe-microscope.
I-Biopsies ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa inaliti noma yenza inqubo yokuhlinzwa encane.
I-Needle Biopsies
- Ngesifiso esihle senaliti, udokotela wezifo, onguchwepheshe wezokwelapha, udokotela we-radiologist, noma udokotela ohlinzayo uhoxisa isisindo esincane esendaweni esolisayo besebenzisa inaliti enhle ehlanganiswe nesirinji. Izicubu zihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Kunganika ulwazi lohlinzayo ngalolu daba olubucayi. Uma ihlombe liyi-cyst, i-fluid e-cyst ingasuswa. Uma amangqamuzana enhlama anomdlavuza, kungase kube nesidingo sokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.
- I-needle core biopsy isebenzisa inaliti enkulu engaphezulu kuneyasetshenziselwa isifiso esihle senaliti ukuhoxisa izilwanyana ezincane zezicubu endaweni esolisayo esiswini. Kungenzeka ukuthi kunikeze umphumela ocacile ngoba izicubu eziningi zithathwa ukuba zihlolwe kunokuba zibe nesifiso esihle senaliti.
- I-stereotactic core needle biopsy isebenzisa imishini yama-ray ray kanye nekhompyutha ukuhlaziya izithombe zesifuba. Ikhompiyutha ibonisa indawo ngqo, endaweni esolisayo ngomdlavuza wesifuba, lapho okuphoswe khona kwenaliti kufanele kufakwe khona.
- I-biopsy eyisikwele esisizwa nge-vacuum ihilela ukubopha isikhumba sesifuba nokwenza ukuchotshozwa okuncane okungaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-4 lapho kungafakwa khona ipulazi elingenalutho futhi liqondiswe endaweni esolisayo ngomdlavuza osebenzisa i-x-rays, i-ultrasound, noma i- I-MRI ukukhipha amasampuli.
- (I-MRI) -i-biopsies edidiyelwe isetshenziselwa abesifazane abanendawo esolisayo engatholakala kuphela yi-MRI.
I- biopsy yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa enye yezici ezimbili ezilandelayo:
- I-biopsy engaqondakali , lapho ingxenye eyodwa yendawo esolisayo isusiwe khona, ivumela izicubu ezanele ukuba zitholwe.
- I-biopsy ekhethiwe, esusa sonke isisu noma indawo engavamile.
Ukulandela i-biopsy, izicubu zesifuba zisusiwe ngesikhathi senqubo zithunyelwa ku-pathologist ukuze zihlole ngaphansi kwe-microscope futhi zihlolwe. Uma umbiko wezokukhubazeka uqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza webele, uzophinde unikeze ulwazi ngomdlavuza uqobo. Lo mbiko uzohlinzeka uhlobo lomdlavuza webele kanye nezici zalo, njengokungathi kungenasidingo noma kungenasidingo, ubungako bayo, kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula kanye nokwaziswa okwengeziwe, kufaka phakathi i-hormone nesimo sezakhi zofuzo kanye nezinye izici ezothinta ukuhlela ukwelashwa.
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Kungani Singenayo I-Ultrasounds Yonyaka Kunokuba I-Mammograms?
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Yini Engayilindela Emcimbini Wokuhlolwa Kwebhedlela
Ukuze unqume ukuthi umdlavuza webele wezinyosi usakazeka ngaphesheya kwesifuba, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosusa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yamanqamu e-lymph akhiwe ngaphansi kwengalo. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza lokhu ngaphambi noma phakathi nokuhlinzwa ukukhipha umdlavuza. Ama-node azohlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope kanye nokuthola okuhlanganyelwe nesiguli kanye neqembu lokunakekela.
Ukuhlonza nokugxilisa isifo somdlavuza webele
Lapho imiphumela yokuhlolwa igcwaliswa futhi ibuyekezwa, umdlavuza webele usuhlelwe. Ukuphawula kuyindlela yokuthola ukusakazeka komdlavuza ngesikhathi itholakala. Isigaba somdlavuza yisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lokuphatha umdlavuza nokulinganisa indlela ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okungenzeka kube ngayo.
Uhlelo olusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlukanisa umdlavuza zibe yizigaba, uhlelo lwe-TNM , olusekelwe ezintweni ezintathu: ubukhulu besisu, isimo se-node, kanye nemetastasis. Amagciwane okuqala asezingeni lokuqala abizwa ngokuthi isigaba 0 (carcinoma in situ), bese uhla lwezigaba I (1) nge-IV (4). Ezinye zezigaba ziyahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezincane besebenzisa izinhlamvu A, B, noC.
Isiguli singadinga ukuhlolwa okungeziwe ukuze sithole isiteji, kufaka phakathi i-x-ray yesifuba, ukukhipha amathambo, i- CT scan, i- MRI, kanye ne- PET scan. Lapho yonke imiphumela ingena, udokotela uyawahlola ngesiguli futhi achaze inqubo yokumiswa. Udokotela wabe esehlanganyela ohlelweni lwezokwelapha olufanele kakhulu esigabeni sakhe somdlavuza wesifuba ngokucabangela impilo yakhe yonke, ubudala, umlando womndeni wesifo somdlavuza webele, kanye nezimo ezingozini.
Izwi elivela
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthola ihlumela noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha, ungavumeli ukwesaba noma ukuphika kukuvimbele ukuba ube nezivivinyo ezidingekayo ukuze ubone ukuthi leyo nsimu ingumdlavuza. Isimo sengqondo sokulinda nokubona, iningi lethu, kubangele ukukhathazeka ukukhathazeka. Uma kungumdlavuza, ukulinda kunika kuphela isikhathi sokukhula futhi mhlawumbe kudinga ukwelashwa okunamandla uma kuthiwa unomdlavuza.
Njengoba ngisindiswe umdlavuza webele oyinhloko nomdlavuza wesibeletho wesibili wesibeletho owawuneminyaka engama-10 ngecala, ngiyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imitholampilo evamile ingabamba amagciwane okuqala angakwazi ukuzwa ngesikhathi sokuhlola noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwebele. Ngenxa yalokho, kokubili umdlavuza wami wawuyi- stage I engavimbela amakhemikhali angadingi i-chemotherapy.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami ekukhulumeni namakhulu abesifazane abesanda kutholakala kanye namadoda amaningana phakathi neminyaka yami njengomuntu ohamba ngesiphephelo sesiguli seMelika Cancer Society wangifundisa ukuthi:
- Akekho omncane kakhulu noma omdala kakhulu ongathola umdlavuza webele.
- Uma uthola isilonda noma esinye isibonakaliso sokungajwayelekile kwesifuba, bheka udokotela noma umjozi wezifo ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma i-mammogram ibonisa okuthile okusolisayo ngomdlavuza, thola okuvela emthonjeni othenjelwayo wezinambuzane ezimbalwa zezinambuzane, futhi uthole umbono wesibili.
- Yiba ngumlingani ekunakekeleni kwakho. Yiba ngummeli wakho. Buza imibuzo. Abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo abangakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngempilo, kuhlanganise nezikhungo zokwelapha, odokotela abahlinzayo, oncologists kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo lapho ukhetha ukuvuselela kabusha.
- Letha omunye umuntu ukuzwa imiphumela yokuhlolwa noma uhlangabezane nomhlinzeki wezempilo omusha ukuze athathe amanothi.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society Kanjani I-Cancer Breast Diagnosed? . Ukubuyekezwa Kwezokwelapha.06 / 01 / 2016.Kubuyekezwe: 09/13/2016
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. I-Cancer Isifo Sebele Sezinjani? Kugcine ukubuyekezwa: ngo-Ephreli 4, 2016. Kugcine ukubuyekezwa: ngo-Ephreli 4, 2016