Ama-probiotics angatholakala ezintweni eziningi zabathengi kuhlanganise nezithako zokudla, ukudla kanye neziphuzo, ngisho nemikhiqizo yokunakekela isikhumba. Eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-bacteria ezuzisayo, ama-probiotics ngokuya egxila kulabo abanesifiso sokujabulela impilo engcono ngokuthuthukisa imifino yabo yamathumbu. Eqinisweni, ngo-2013 imakethe yomhlaba wonke embonini ye-probiotic yayinganiselwa ku-32 billion zamaRandi, umkhuba okhulayo okulindeleke ukuba ukhwele kumaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-52 ngo-2022.
Ngokusho kwe-World Health Organisation (WHO), ama-probiotics achazwa ngokuthi "ama-microorganisms aphilayo ayenziwa ngokulingana ngokwanele." Ngokuvamile, ukusebenzisa ama-probiotics kuhloswe ukuthuthukisa noma ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zokugaya. Kodwa lapho kutholakala ukuthi izitshalo zethu eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinzima zithinta kanjani kwezinye izimo zezempilo, abaningi baye baphendukela kuma-probiotics ngezinethemba lokuphatha yonke into kusuka emithonjeni eya ku-autism.
Ukuze sikusize ube ngumthengi ofundisiwe, nansi amaqiniso amane awaziyo mayelana nama-probiotics.
Izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya atholakele kuma-probiotics asevele ekhona ku-colon yakho
Ama-microorganisms angaphezu kwamangqamuzana omzimba wethu 10: 1 futhi iningi lalezi zitholakala ohlelweni lokugaya. Eqinisweni, kunezigidi eziyizigidi zama-bacteria ahlala kolononi yakho. Njengamanje, isayensi iye yahlukanisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 zalezi zinhlobo zamagciwane.
Ngenkathi kusekhona okuningi okumele kufundwe, ucwaningo seluqedile inkolelo yokuthi yonke amabhaktheriya ayingozi emzimbeni.
Kunalokho, manje siyazi ukuthi amabhaktheriya asiza imizimba yethu isebenze kahle. Eminye yale misebenzi ihlanganisa ukusiza ukugaya, ukulwa namagciwane amaningi, nokukhiqiza amavithamini. Siphinde sazi ukuthi amabhaktheriya atholakele ngokwemvelo ekoloni futhi asevele esebenza ukuze asigcine enempilo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imikhiqizo ye-probiotic eyengeziwe.
Ama-Probiotics Akudingeki Ukugunyazwa kwe-FDA
Kungase kusimangaze ukwazi ukuthi Ukulawulwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa akunalo incazelo esemthethweni yama-probiotics futhi lokho kuvunyelwa akudingeki ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo ibekwe emakethe. Esikhundleni salokho, isimiso se-FDA sika-probiotics sincike kunhlobo lomkhiqizo othengiswayo - njengokungenelela kokudla noma njengesithako sokudla.
Ama-probiotics avame ukudayiswa njengengxenye yokudla efana ne-powder, iphilisi, i-capsule noma i-liquid. Eqinisweni, okwamanje kunamaphilisi ama-probiotic angaphezu kuka-100 atholakalayo. Izithako zokudla azidingi imvume ye-FDA. Zivunyelwe emakethe uma nje ukukhangisa kuhlanganisa kuphela ukuthi isithasiselo sithinta kanjani isakhiwo noma umsebenzi womzimba futhi ugweme ekwenzeni izimangalo ezithile ukuthi umkhiqizo unciphisa ingozi yesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithako zokudla zingenza izitatimende ngokuphathelene nokuphepha nokusebenza kwazo ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kuqala yi-FDA.
Uma i-probiotic ibhekwa njengesithako sokudla, ukugxila okuyinhloko kwe-FDA ukuthi ngabe isithako siwela ngaphansi kwesigaba sevulethi se-"GRAS" okusho ukuthi "ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengophephile." Njengoba ama-probiotics ezentengiselwano efana namanje noma afana namabhaktheriya kakade ehlala kolononi yakho, odokotela abaningi bayavuma ukuthi kubantu abaphilile ngokuvamile baphephile ukusebenzisa.
Kodwa-ke, kulabo abangase babe nezimo ezinzima ezifana nezivikeli ze-immune ezikhubazekile , izinkinga ezinkulu ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwazo ziye zabikwa ngezinye izikhathi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iningi lama-probiotics atholakalayo emakethe yase-US alingahlolwa noma avunywe yi-FDA.
Ama-probiotics awafani nhlobo-afanele-konke
Ama-probiotics ama-microorganisms acatshangwa ukuthi angaba kuhle empilweni yethu. Lezi zincane ezincane ngokuvamile zikhona amabhaktheriya kepha zingabuye zihlanganise namasimu. Amaqembu amabili ajwayelekile kakhulu amabhaktheriya atholakalayo kumikhiqizo yi- Bifidobacterium neLacbabacillus , kodwa kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamabhaktheriya nazo ezibhekwa njenge-probiotics.
Ama-bacteria ahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ngeqembu ngalinye eliqukethe izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo zonke eziqukethe izinhlobo eziningi. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza ngokuhlukile emzimbeni futhi lungaba usizo ngezinjongo ezehlukene. Abacwaningi basacwaninga ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-probiotic okufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuthi ziphi isimo sezempilo noma izifo.
Njengoba ama-probiotics ayengamisiwe, izinhlobo ezahlukene ezibonakala ziqukethe izinhlobo ezifanayo zingashintsha kakhulu. Umkhiqizo ngamunye uyingqayizivele ngempela futhi kungenzeka noma awusizo ekuhlosweni okuhlosiwe.
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka kumaProbiotics
Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwazinikezelwa kuma-probiotics, ikakhulukazi endaweni yokugaya ukudla. Ngenkathi ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi ama-probiotics angase abe usizo njengengxenye yokwelashwa kwezimo zokugaya, olunye ucwaningo aluhambisani.
Indawo eyodwa yokucwaninga bekulokhu ukuthi ama-probiotics ayasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ezihambisana ne- IBS (isifo sofuba esithukuthelayo) . Ukuvumelana kwesazi kusukela kokubili e-US naseYurophu kusho ukuthi kunesizathu esinengqondo sokuba kungani ama-probiotics angasebenza ku-IBS. Lokho kuthiwa, idatha yesikhathi eside yocwaningo lwezinguquko eziningi azibonanga ukuthi ama-probiotics ahamba kangcono kunezinyanga ezingu-6 ezedlule. Khumbula ukuthi lezi zifundo zaziyizibuyekezo zezifundo ezincane ngakho-ke kwakukhona izinguquko eziningi ezenzekayo.
Esinye isifunda esiye safundiswa sibe ukuthi ama-probiotics angaba nendima ekuvimbeleni ukuhanjiswa okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa noma okuhlobene nezifo, ezifana ne-c-diff (ukutheleleka kwamagciwane okubangela ukuhuda okukhulu futhi kwenzeka kulabo ababekwe esibhedlela noma wathatha ama-antibiotic aqinile ngamanye amagciwane). Njengoba ama-antibiotic ayaziwa ngokubulala amabhaktheriya amabili amahle nokubi, ithemba liwukuthi ama-probiotics angase agcwalise amabhaktheriya anenzuzo lapho elashwa khona lapho kutholakala ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic.
Eqinisweni, esihlokweni esashicilelwe kuyi- American Journal of Infection Control , kwabikwa ukuthi kusukela ngo-2006-2012, amaphesenti angu-96 ezibhedlela ezingu-145 afundela e-United States ahlinzeka ngeziguli ngama-probiotics ngamathemba okuvimbela lezi zinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Kodwa-ke, ekutadisheni kwabo okungahlosiwe kabili, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ama-probiotics anikeziwe ayengaphumelela kakhulu kunama-placebos ekwelapheni isifo sohudo ehambisana nalezi zimo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izifundo ziye zaphetha ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-probiotic kunganciphisa ingozi yehudo ehambisana ne-antibiotic ngamaphesenti angu-50-60 uma ilawulwa ngokuhambisana nama-antibiotic - ngezinkinga eziphumelelayo ezitholakala njenge- Saccharomyces boulardii (imvubelo) noLactobacillus rhamnosus GG . Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka kusukela imiphumela yezifundo eziningi azizange zinikeze imiphumela eqhubekayo noma eqondile eqinisekisa ukuthi ama-probiotics angayidlala ekulawuleni le mibandela.
Ama-probiotics nawo afundelwe indima yawo kwezinye izimo eziningi ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni kwethu okukhulayo ukuthi ukungalingani kwamabhaktheriya omuhle nombi emzimbeni kungaxhunyaniswa nempilo yonke. Ezinye zezimo ezifundwayo zibandakanya izifo zesikhumba, ukugula kwengqondo, ukuphefumula, isifo se-asthma, isisu somntwana kanye nezifo zokuphefumula, izinkinga zokulala, i-fibromyalgia, ukuqina okuhlangene, ukubekezelelana kwe-lactose, kanye nanoma iyiphi inombolo yezimo zomtholampilo ezibandakanya isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokuvimbela ukutheleleka . Lezi zifundo ziye zaphela kakhulu ngaphandle kobufakazi obuqinekayo obusekela ukusetshenziswa kwama-probiotics.
Imithombo:
I-American College of Gastroenterology - I-Probiotics Yokunakekelwa Kwezinkinga Zokuhlukunyezwa Kwabantu Abadala.
Isikhungo sikaZwelonke seMpilo eQinisekayo neYokubambisana. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/probiotics/introduction.htm
UDegnan FH. I-US Yokudla Nezidakamizwa Zokulawulwa Kwezidakamizwa kanye nama-probiotics: izigaba zokulawula. I-Dis Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 1; 46 Isigaba 2: S133-6; ingxoxo S144-51. i-doi: 10.1086 / 523324.
Yi SH, Jernigan JA, McDonald L C. Ukuqhathaniswa kokusetshenziswa kwama-probiotic phakathi kwabagulayo: Ucwaningo oluchazayo lwezibhedlela ezingu-145 zase-US. I-American Journal of Infection. Ishicilelwe ku-intanethi: Januwari 25, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.12.001
Sanders ME, Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, Salminen S, Merenstein DJ, Gibson GR, Petschow BW, Nieuwdorp M, Trancredi DJ, Cifelli CJ, Jacques P, Pot B. Amabhayisikobho, kanye nama-prebiotics: amathemba ezempilo yomphakathi kanye nezincomo zokudla okunomsoco. Ann NY Acad Sci . 2014 Feb: 1309: 19-29. I-Doi: 10.1111 / nyas.12377