Ukushaya isifo kungabangela ushintsho olukhulu lokuguqula ukuphila, njengokungaboni kahle nokunciphisa umzimba nokusebenzisana. Ngaphandle kokukhubazeka okubonakalayo komzimba, isifo singabangela ushintsho lomuntu obalulekile. Uma usindile yesifo sokushaya isifo, ukuguquka kwakho kokuziphatha okuphazamiseka kokuthutha kungakushaya wena nabathandekayo bakho ngokumangazayo uma ungazenzeki "ungazenzi" ngokwakho.
Uma usufunde ukuthi ungayibona kanjani izinguquko zobuntu ezivamile ngemva kokushaywa yisifo, ungaqala ukuthola umuzwa wokuqinisekisa, wazi ukuthi kunesizathu sokuthi kungani wena noma othandekayo wakho ungenza okuhlukile. Ukuqaphela ukuguquka komuntu kungaba isinyathelo esikhulu ekuguquleni ukuziphatha okungafuneki njengoba uhlose ukusebenzela ukubuyisela ezinye izici zobuntu ezenza uzizwe unjengawe "wena."
Ukucindezeleka
Ngemuva kokushaywa yingozi, kuvamile ukuzwa umuzwa wokungajabuli nokudabuka. Eqinisweni, abaningi abangamaphesenti angama-60 abasinda ngesifo sokushaya isifo babika ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo, okuyinto ukucindezeleka okunamandla futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside kunokudabukisayo okuvamile.
Ukucindezeleka kokuthunyelwa komzimba kubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezici eziphilayo nezimo. Okokuqala, imiphumela ecacile yesifo sokushaya, njengobuthakathaka, ukulahleka kombono, nezinkinga zokubambisana kungabangela umuzwa wokudabuka uma uzizwa ungenamandla okukhubazeka.
Ukwengeza, emva kokushaywa yisifo, ungase ukhathazeke ngempilo yakho noma uhlangabezane nokukhathazeka ngokufa kwakho. Imizwa yokungazi lutho noma ukungathembeki ingabangela ukucindezeleka kokulandela ukucindezeleka.
Futhi ukulimala okubangelwa isifo ebuchosheni kungenza ukuguqulwa ngendlela okwenziwa ngayo ubuchopho, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuphilayo okuguquguqukayo okuholela ekucindezelekeni.
Naphezu kwazo zonke lezi zakhi ezenza ukuba kuthuthukiswe ukucindezeleka kokulandela, ukucindezeleka kokulandela isifo kuvame ukwelashwa ngendlela ehlangene ehlanganisa imithi nokweluleka.
Kodwa abantu abaningi banqika ukufuna ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka. Abanye abasindile isifo sokuhlukumezeka bayenqikaza ukuthatha uphawu lokucindezeleka ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ukuthi kungaba yisiprofetho esizigcwalisayo. Abanye abethembi uhlelo lwezokwelapha ukubhekana nezinkinga zomzwelo, kanti abanye babheka ukucindezeleka njengobonakaliso obuthakathaka.
Nokho, uma wena noma othandekayo wakho enemizwa yokudabuka noma yokuphelelwa ithemba, ungathola usizo oluphumelelayo kule nkinga. Ukuqaphela ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwakho akuyona iphutha lakho futhi akuyona isibonakaliso sobuthakathaka kuyisinyathelo esinamandla sokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele.
Uzungu
Ngemuva kwesifo, ukuhlukaniswa kungenziwa uma ungasakwazi ukwenza izinto ezifanayo owazenza. Uma kufanele ushiye umsebenzi wakho ngemva kokushaywa yisifo, noma uma ungasenayo ingxenye yokuphila kwakho okuvamile komphakathi, lokhu kungaholela ekubeni nomuzwa wedwa.
Abanye abasindile ngengozi banokukhubazeka okukhulu okwenza kube nzima ukushayela, ukuhamba endlini noma ngisho nokuphuma embhedeni. Ukukhubazeka okwedlulele kungadinga ukuthuthela endaweni entsha yokuphila , ingxenye yokuthola usizo oluthe xaxa nokuphila kwansuku zonke, futhi ingxenye yokunciphisa ukuzihlukanisa kanye nesizungu.
Umsindisi ngamunye osindayo anganqoba umuzwa wokuzizwa unesizungu ngendlela yakhe eyingqayizivele.
Ukulahlekelwa Amakhono Okuqonda
Ukulahlekelwa amakhono okuqonda emva kokushaywa yisifo kungenzeka ngemva kokushaywa yisifo esibucayi cishe noma yisiphi isifunda sobuchopho, kodwa ngokuvamile kaningi e-lobe yangaphambili, i-parietal lobe noma i-lobes temporal.
Izinguquko kumakhono okucabangela zihlanganisa inkinga ngokuxazulula izinkinga, ukufunda ubunzima, nokukhathazeka ngezibalo ezilula zezibalo. Abanye abasindile ngengozi bayakhohlwa, bekhohlwa amagama, noma balahla izinto noma bakhohlwa ukunakekelwa kwemisebenzi ebalulekile. Ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kungabangela ukudideka noma kungenze kube nzima ukuqonda imiqondo ukuthi isilondolozi sokushaywa yisifo esiyokwazi ukuyiqonda ngaphambili.
Ukulahlekelwa kwamakhono okuqonda kungabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwabasindile, futhi abaningi abasindiswa yi-stroke bangase bayakuphika, benze izizathu zamaphutha amaningi, noma baqamba amanga ngamaphutha ukuze bagweme ukuhlazeka.
Ukwakha amakhono okuqonda kuyinselele, kodwa njengoba ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba kungathuthuka ngezokwelapha ngokomzimba, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kungathuthukisa ngelashwa lokuzinikela kwengqondo.
Ukukhubazeka ngokomzwelo
Abasindile abaningi abahlukunyezwa bazizwa bezwela kakhulu noma bekhala noma behleka ngokungafanele. Abanye abasindile isifo sibhekene nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pseudobulbar sithinta , esibhekene nokushintsha kwemizwelo kanye nezinkulumo ezingenakuqondiswa ngokomzwelo.
Ukungabi Nesisusa
Ukushaywa umoya kungabangela ukungabi nesisusa, okubizwa ngokuthi ukunganaki. Ukunganakwa kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinhlobo eziningi zokulimala komqondo. Kunezizathu eziningana zokungaboni kahle kwe-post-stroke.
Ukuncipha kwamakhono okuqonda (ukuxazulula izinkinga namakhono okucabanga) ngemuva kokushaywa komzimba kungenza imisebenzi eminingi ibonakale inselele futhi ingenakulinganiswa. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukiswa kokucindezeleka ngemuva kokucindezeleka, nokuba nemfanelo encane yokubhekana nayo ngemva kokushaya, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umuzwa wokuthi "akekho ozoqaphela" lokho okwenzayo, kungabangela ukunganaki.
Okokugcina, ukunganakwa kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezinguquko esakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho obuncane kuya kwesiteleka ngokwayo.
Ukucindezela
Abanye abasindile isifo solaka basuke benokuzonda futhi bevutha ngokungalindelekile, beziphatha ngezindlela eziyingozi noma emzimbeni. Ukuhlukunyezwa, njengokunye ukuguqulwa kwesifo sokuziphatha, okuvame ukuphumela kokubili kwemizwa engokomzwelo mayelana nokushaywa komzimba nokulimala okubangelwa ukulimala.
Ukuhlukumezeka kubonakala ikakhulukazi abasindile besifo esithinta isifo sokushaya isifo esithinta isifo senhliziyo. Ukuwohloka komqondo kwe-vascular kwenzeka lapho izigubhu eziningi ezincane zenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekwakhiweni kokulimala kulo lonke ubuchopho, futhi kubangele uhlobo oluthile lwesifo sokuwohloka komqondo. Ukuwohloka komqondo kwe-Vascular kubonakala ukwehla kwenkumbulo namakhono okucabanga, ukudideka, ukukhathazeka okuthola izinto, inkathazo ngezokhombisi-ndlela, nokushintsha kokuziphatha.
Ukulahla isifo sohlangothi: Anosognosia
U-Anosognosia uchaza ukuthi umsindisi we-stroke akakwazi ukubona ukuthi une-stroke. I-Anosognosia ibonakala ngokuzithemba ngokweqile nokungazi ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ngemuva kokushaywa. Eqinisweni, umuntu onayo i-anosognosia angase akhulume futhi amangaze ngoba kukhona ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okulawulwayo nhlobo.
Abasindile isifo sofuba abane-anosognosia beyinkinga enzima kubathandekayo nabanakekeli, abazama ukunikeza usizo nokukhathalela, ngokuvamile bengabambisani. Ngezinye izikhathi abasindile abanomdlavuza abanalo i-anosognosia baphatha labo abazama ukubasiza ngokuxoshwa noma ukwenqatshwa.
Ukungabi Nesihe
Ukuntula uzwela ngemuva kokushaywa yisifo kubangelwa ukulimala komqondo okuthinta izindawo ezingakwesokudla sobuchopho. Ukungabi nozwela kunguquko yokuziphatha evame ukucasula abangane nabathandekayo, kepha ngokuvamile ayitholakali nongasindiswa ngesifo.
Akulula ukubikezela ukuthi ukungabi nozwela kuzothuthuka ngemuva kokushaya, njengoba abanye abasindile besifo bangabonisa ngcono, kuyilapho abanye bengaboni.
Ukulahlekelwa Kokuzizwa Ngobuhle
Ukuhleka kwemizwa kudinga ukuqonda nokucabanga okusheshayo. Ngokuvamile amahlaya asekelwe ekuqapheliseni ukuthi imibono ehlukene ayibambisene futhi ihlekisa futhi iyamangaza lapho ihlanganiswa ndawonye.
Izinhlobo eziningi zokushaya isifo zinganciphisa umqondo wokuhleka usulu womuntu osinda. Umsindisi osolwa ngokushaywa yisifo sokushaya isifo owayekade ehlekisa angase akwazi ukukwakha amahlaya kanye nomsindisi olwa nesifo sohlangothi ozokwazi ukubona nokuhleka amahlaya angeke akwazi ukwenza kanjalo.
Ukulahleka kokuzizwa kungase kunzima ukululama, ngoba lokhu kuphazamiseka kubangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwamakhono okuqonda. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda ukuthi ukungabi namahloni kungumphumela wesifo, hhayi ukulahlwa, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni imizwa ebuhlungu nokungaqondani lapho umsindisi olwa nesifo esiphenduli engaphenduli ukuhleka kwenhliziyo njengoba kulindeleke.
Ukulahlekelwa Kwemibandela Yezenhlalo
Abanye abasindile ngengozi bangase baziphathe ngendlela engacabangi kahle emphakathini emva kokushaywa kwesibindi sokungena kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele. Izinzuzo ezifana nokudla ukudla epulazini lomfokazi, ukuhlambalaza abantu ngokuzwakalayo noma ukuphazamisa noma ukuvota emphakathini, kungabangela izinselele kubanakekeli namalungu omndeni ngokuyinhloko obhekene nokuphepha nokunakekelwa kwesilondolozi somzimba.
Ngokuvamile, umsindisi olwa nesifo sohlangothi obonisa ukuziphatha okungamukeleki emphakathini akanakho ukuqonda ukuqonda ukuthi izenzo azamukeleki, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuxolisa noma uzame ukulungisa ukuziphatha.
Ulimi noma ukuhlambalaza komuntu osindile isifo esithinta isifo sohlangothi olunezifo ezingekho emthethweni akuhambisani neze nomuntu 'ojwayelekile' wangaphambi kokushaya noma izinkolelo zakhe. Futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi izitatimende ezishoyo azikhombisi ukuthi isiphi isisindo somuntu osindayo esizizwayo, 'ngaphakathi ngaphakathi,' kodwa kungenzeka ukuba yizinkulumo azizwa ngokuhlelekile ngokuphelele, njengokuthi incwadi noma kumbukiso wethelevishini.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesimiso somphakathi kungaba ngcono kangcono uma umsindisi osindayo ekhululekile, endaweni ejwayelekile, futhi ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umhawu
Uhlobo olungavamile lwe-stroke lubangela i-syndrome ebizwa nge- Othello Syndrome, ekhonjiswe ngukuhawukela okungenangqondo nokungenangqondo, ikakhulukazi ekuhlotsheni ubudlelwane bomshado. Le-syndrome ingathinta abasindile be-stroke ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho okuthinta izindawo ze-cortex efanele ye-cerebral.
Izwi elivela
Ukushaya isifo kungabangela izinguquko ezinkulu zobuntu ezingenza uzizwe sengathi ulahlekile noma ukuthi ulahlekelwe othandekayo owawujwayele ukwazi kahle. Ukuguquka komuntu ngemva kokushaywa komzimba kungaba ukukhipha ngokomzwelo wonke umuntu ohilelekile.
Kodwa-ke, uma osindile isifo sohlangothi kanye nabathandekayo beqonda ukuthi umthombo wokuziphatha uvela ekulimazeni kwengqondo okubangelwa isisu, ungaqinisekisa wonke umuntu ngokuzi ukuthi ukuziphatha okungathandeki akuklanyelwe noma kuhloswe ukuhlambalaza. Abasindile abaphethwe yisifo esiphakeme abafunda ngezinguquko ezijwayelekile zokuziphatha ngokuzenzekelayo bangathola ukuqonda okwanele ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izinguquko ezithile, okungabangela ubudlelwane obunelisayo obuningi.
> Imithombo:
> Imiphumela ye-Neuropsychiatric yokushaya isifo, uHackett ML, uKöhler S, O'Brien JT, iMead GE, uLancet Neurol. 2014 Meyi; 13 (5): 525-34