Kukhona uxhumano oluqashelwayo phakathi kokushaya kwesifo socansi kanye nokuwohloka komqondo. Izinhlobo ezithile zokushaywa komzimba zibangelwa ukugula komqondo futhi kukhona nokufana okuningi nokuhlukana phakathi kokushaya kwesifo socansi nokucindezeleka komqondo.
Iyini i-Dementia?
I-Dementia yisimo lapho izici eziningi zobuchopho zisebenza ukuwohloka, ziphazamise ukusebenza komuntu wansuku zonke evamile. Kunezinhlobo zezifo ezingaholela ekudemeni kwengqondo, futhi ngayinye ibhekwa iphethini ehlukile yokushintsha kokuziphatha.
Izinhlobo Ze-Dementia
- I-Alzheimer's Disease (AD) : AD, i-dementia eyaziwa kakhulu kunazo zonke, ngokuvamile iyabonakala phakathi kweminyaka engu-65 kuya ku-85 futhi iyaqhubeka kancane kancane. Izimpawu zayo ezivelele zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukukhohlisa , ukucabangela , ukukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kokulala nokucindezeleka. Ubuchopho babantu abahlukunyezwa yi-AD banokubonakala okuqondile ngaphansi kwe-microscope, okubangelwa ukutholakala kwamaplanethi amaningi kanye ne-neurofibrillary tangles. Ososayensi bafunda ukuthi lezizinto ezingavamile zingase ziqondise ucwaningo ekwelapheni kwe-Alzheimer's dementia. Kuze kube manje, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo, futhi azibuyanga lesi sifo. Ngokuvamile, i-AD ayikholelwa ukuthi ihlotshaniswa nemivimbo, nakuba abantu abane-AD abaye babetha izivunguvungu ngokuvamile babhekana nezimpawu ezinzima ze-AD yabo kunabantu abane-AD abangakaze babe nemivimbo.
- I-Frontotemporal Dementia: Leli yiqembu lezinkinga lapho i- lobes yangaphambili neyesikhashana yengqondo ishintshwe ngokukhetha. I-dementias ye-frontotemporal iqala ekuqaleni empilweni kune-AD (ephakathi kweminyaka engu-50-60) futhi nakuba iqhubeka ithuthuka kancane, iqhubekela phambili ngokushesha kunesifo se-Alzheimer. Izici zabo ezivelele zihlanganisa izinguquko zobuntu ezifana nokulahlekelwa ukuqondisisa, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwelana kwabanye, ukuzinakekela okuncane, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo nokucindezela. Njengo-AD, ukuxilongwa kwe-frontotemporal dementias akubhekwa njengokubangelwa ukushaywa. Zivame ukufaka ama-subtypes alandelayo e-dementia:
- Isifo sika Pick
- I-aphasiya eqhubeka phambili ephambili
- Izifo ze-motor neuron kanye nokufa kwe-frontotemporal
- I-Dementia nge-Lewy Bodies: Uhlobo lomqondo owohloka komqondo obonakala okungenani ezimbili kulezi zimpawu ezintathu ezilandelayo. 1) izinga lokuqwashisa nokwehlisa; 2) i-hallucinations ebonakalayo kanye no-3) ukunyakaza okuzenzekelayo kusikisela isifo sikaParkinson.
- I-Parkinsonian Dementias: Leli qembu le-dementias elihlala likhona kanye nokunyakaza okuqhubekayo okungajwayelekile kwesifo sikaParkinson . Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukahlukene zengqondo yokukhula komqondo okungathuthuka kanye nesifo sikaPakinson. I-dementias evamile ye-Parkinsonian yilezi:
- I-dementias ehlukumeza (okuncane)
- Ukuwohloka komqondo ngokwemvelo komndeni
- Ama-Syndromes we-Secondary Parkinsonian syndromes
- I-dementia pugilistica
- I-dementia ngenxa yokukhathazeka okuzuzwa nge-metabolic
I-Vascular Dementia: Lona uhlobo lokudemeka kwengqondo okubangelwa ukushaywa, izinsizakalo , izibilini ezingenalutho , nezinye izinhlobo zesifo sofuba . I-dementia ye-Vascular ichaza ukwehla kokuziphatha nokuqondisisa okwenzekayo lapho othile ehlangene nezinambuzane ezincane okungenzeka noma ezingazange zibonakale uma kwenzeka. Izimpawu zesifo sengqondo somzimba ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo zibangelwa ukulimala kwengqondo okwenzeka ngenxa yesifo. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukukhohlwa, ukuziphatha okungalungile, izinguquko zobuntu , ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo, ngisho nokulahlekelwa umuzwa womuntu . Abantu abane-dementia ye-vascular ngokuvamile baye banciphisa ikhono lokuzinakekela, futhi lokhu kungaba yingozi yokuba nesifo esibi kakhulu, esibi kakhulu.
Ukuvimbela i-Vascular Dementia
Izimo eziyingozi ezibangelwa abantu ukuba zihlaselwe isifo singakhuphula ingozi yokuthuthukisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Uma lezi zici zengozi yokucindezeleka zikhonjisiwe, ngokuvamile zihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile zezokwelapha , amasu amaningana angasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo.
Ukuvimbela ukuwohloka komqondo ngokwemisipha kuyisisindo esibalulekile kubantu abangenayo isifo sengqondo se-dementia, kanye nabantu abavele benesifo sokuwohloka komqondo ngokwemisipha ngoba ukuvimbela isisu kungavimbela ukuwohloka komqondo komzimba ukuba kungabi nakakhulu.
Izwi elivela
Ukuphila nokucindezeleka kwe-vascular is inselele futhi kuphazamisekile. Abantu abaningi abahlakulela le nkinga okungenani baqaphela ukwehla kwabo ngokwengqondo, kodwa futhi abakwazi ukucubungula ulwazi futhi bahlele izenzo kanye nokuthi babenesikhathi esidlule. Abathandekayo bayagcina, futhi bangase bakhungatheke kokubili ukungaqiniseki ngokomzwelo kanye nomthwalo wansuku zonke osebenzayo wokuba umnakekeli.
Kuwusizo ukulandela njalo ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuze ulondoloze impilo enhle futhi uvimbele ukwehla okuqhubekayo. Iziguli eziningi namalungu omndeni nazo zizwa ukuthi kuyasiza ukuxhuma ngezinsiza kanye nokusekela komqondo okhona emphakathini wakho, njengoba lokhu kunganciphisa umthwalo wokuphila nesimo senhliziyo yokugula komzimba.
> Umthombo:
> I-cerebral hypoperfusion engapheli idala ukuwohloka komqondo okulandelayo ngemva kokushaya > isifo sofuba> i-ischemic attack in rats, emuva kweDB, Kwon KJ, Choi DH, Shin CY, Lee J, Han SH, Kim HY, J Neuroinflammation. 2017 Nov 9; 14 (1): 216. i-doi: 10.1186 / s12974-017-0992-5.