Ama-lymph nodes yizakhi ezincane ezinobhontshisi ezitholakala kuwo wonke umzimba. Ziyingxenye yesimiso se-lymph, uhlobo lwe-inthanethi ehambisanayo nemithambo yegazi yesistimu yokujikeleza. Ama-lymph nodes asebenza njengendlela encane yokuzivikela emzimbeni, ehlakazekile eceleni kwesimiso sezingxube ezivuthisa izikhukhula ezivela emasimini omzimba othile.
Uma i-lymph nodes engxenyeni ethize yomzimba eyaziwa ngendlela yokuthi i-retroperitoneum ikhulisiwe, kunezimbangela eziningi ezingabangela, okufaka okulandelayo:
- Izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba
- Ukuvuvukala kunoma iyiphi inombolo yezimbangela, kuhlanganise nezifo ezifana ne-sarcoidosis
- I-Cancer isendaweni ekude emzimbeni owenzela i-lymph nodes
- Amanqamu egazi egxila emanzini lymph nodes noma asakaze kuma-lymph nodes
- Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile
Kukhona izizathu eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezikhona zokuthi noma yikuphi i-lymph node yokuvuvukala, futhi akuzona zonke izifo zomdlavuza. Eqinisweni, lapho umuntu ebona udokotela we-lymph nodes evuvukale, umdlavuza akuyona imbangela. Esikhundleni salokho, ukutheleleka ngegciwane lengculazi kungase kube nokusola-ikakhulukazi uma i-lymph nodes evuvukile isentanyeni. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezithile zokuvuvukala kwe-lymph node okungacabangi kakhulu kwezimo ezinobungozi, njenge-conglomeration enkulu ye-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe ehlanganiswa ndawonye ekufundeni izithombe.
I-Retroperitoneal Lymph Nodes Ingase Ikhulise Ngezifo Ezihlukahlukene
Ama-lymph node ase-retroperitoneal atholakala endaweni lapho bengakwazi khona ukuzwa noma ukuqaphela lapho beqala ukuvuvukala, ngakho-ke odokotela bangase bafunde ngokukhulisa kwabo ngendlela yokucwaninga njengokufana ne-CT scan yesisu nesisu.
Ngesinye isikhathi i-lymph node ye-retroperitoneal ingeneke kakhulu ezifweni eziveza izimpawu, njengoba izakhiwo eziseduze zingathinteka. Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zingase ziholele ekutheni kufundwe ngeso lengqondo okuthola ukuthi i-retroperitoneal lymph node yanda. Kodwa-ke, imbangela yokuvuvukala ingase ingabonakali kalula emibonweni yokucabanga, futhi i-biopsy yama-lymph nodes ehilelekile ivame ukudingeka.
Uma kwenzeka abantu ababuthakathaka amasosha omzimba, ezinye zezindlela zokwandisa izilonda ze-retroperitoneal ziwukuthi: ukutheleleka uhlobo oluthile lwamabhaktheriya okuthiwa i-Mycobacterium; i-lymphoma, umdlavuza wegazi ovame ukuqala ema-lymph nodes; kanye ne-Kaposi's sarcoma, umdlavuza ovela emangqamuzaneni afaka i-lymph noma imithwalo yegazi.
Uma izitho zamaklomu ezandisiwe zibonakala endaweni ethile yomzimba njenge-retroperitoneal endaweni, khona-ke kuyisimo esinqunyiwe ngesikhathi, ngakho-ke kunamathuba ahlukene ngokulandela lesi sifo esinesibopho. Ama-node ekhulisiwe angase abe kuphela isigaba sokuqala sesifo esizogcina ekuboniseni ukwandiswa kwe-lymph node ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba noma ukuqhubeka kwe-lymphadenopathy syndrome.
Uma kunezinhlayiya eziningi ze-lymph nodes ezihilelekile ku-retroperitoneum futhi ukuskena kubonisa nesibindi esandisiwe ne-pleen, lokhu kungase kube okusikisela kakhulu kwe-lymphoma , noma kunjalo, kukhona amanye amathuba. Isifo se-Castleman yisifo esingavamile esihilela ama-lymph nodes. Amanye amagama ahlanganisa i-lymph node hyperplasia, ne-lymph node hyperplasia engama-angiofollicular. UDkt. Benjamin Castleman uqale wachaza ngawo-1950.
Isifo se-Castleman kubhekwa njengesiyaluyalu se-lymphoproliferative, okusho ukuthi kunezinqwaba zamaseli wesistimu ye-lymph.
Nakuba kungewona umdlavuza, ungafana kakhulu ne-lymphoma, futhi ezinye izinhlobo zingaba lymphoma.
Uphi i-Retroperitoneum futhi Kungani Kubalulekile?
I-anatomy eningi isho igama lala ma-lymph nodes. I-retroperitoneal lymph nodes yi-lymph nodes esesigumbini esithile somzimba, esibizwa ngokuthi i-retroperitoneum. I-retroperitoneum ichaza ingxenye yesikhumba esiswini-ingxenye yesisu esisondelene kakhulu nomhlane wakho wegciwane kunenkinobho yakho yesisu, emuva ngemuva kwamathumbu.
I-retroperitoneal lymph nodes ingenye yamaqembu amaningi e-lymph node atholakele emhlabeni wonke, njengoba kuboniswe ohlwini olulandelayo:
- I-retroperitoneal lymph nodes - etholakala ku-retroperitoneum
- Ama-lymph nodes angama-Inguinal - atholakala esifundeni se-groin
- Ama-lymph nodes ama-axillary - atholakale emaceleni
- I-lymph node mediastinal - etholakala esifubeni, eduze nenhliziyo
Ama-lymph nodes angabizwa noma yisiphi isifunda somzimba noma isici esithile. Isibonelo, kukhona i-lymph node ethile e-thorax eseduze ne-aorta. Lymph node ngokuvamile ingabizwa ngokuthi i-lymph node ye-thoracic. Ukuba okucacile kakhulu, uma kusendaweni eseduze nenhliziyo, kungase kubhekwe njenge- lymph node ye- mediastinal , noma ngisho nakakhulu, uma itholakala eduze kwe-aorta, i-lymph node ye-periaortic-konke okuyobizwa ngokuthi igama elifanele, kodwa ukuphelelwa isikhathi kungaba yinto ecacile kakhulu.
I-peritoneum iyisimbatho esika umthambo wesisu futhi ihlanganisa nezitho zangasese. Cabanga nje ngokuthi 'i-bubble kabili yokugubungula eplastiki' okuthola konke ukuphikisana ngokwayo ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa. Ezinye izitho ziyi-intraperitoneal, noma ngaphakathi kwe-peritoneum, kuyilapho ezinye zingemva kwayo, noma zibuyele emuva.
Ama-Retroperitoneal Organs
Isizathu sokukhulisa i-lymph node ngezinye izikhathi singathinta izitho eziseduze nezindawo ezikhulisiwe. Izitho eziningana zingaphakathi kwe-peritoneum kanti ezinye ziyingxenye ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngaphandle kwe-peritoneum. Abafundi bangasebenzisa idivaysi yememori elandelayo ukuze bafunde ukuthi yiziphi izitho ezibuyiselwayo:
S: ingubo ye-suprarenal noma ye-adrenal
A: i-aorta / engaphansi kwe-vena cava
D: duodenum (ingxenye yesibili nesithathu)
P: i-pancreas (ngaphandle komsila we-pancreas)
U: ureters
C: ikholoni (ekhuphuka futhi ehla)
K: izinso
I-e-esophagus
R: u-rectum
Izitho ezilandelwa ngabazali bomndeni ziyingxenye ye-retroperitoneal. Ngezinye izikhathi inqubo yesifo ethinta enye yalezi zitho izophazamisa ama-lymph nodes ezihambisanayo futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Isibonelo, izibeletha zithwala umchamo kusuka ezinso kuya esihlokweni, futhi izixuku kule ndawo zingavimbela ureter, okubangela izimpawu zamanzi. I-lymphadenopathy ye-Retroperitoneal ngokuvamile ayikhiqizi izimpawu, kodwa izifo eziningi zingabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu noma ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi emzimbeni.
I-Retroperitoneal Lymph Nodes e-Lymphoma
Ama-lymphomas ayingxenye yamagciwane e-lymph system . Ama-lymphomas ngokuvamile aqala kuma-lymph nodes, futhi ama-lymph nodes ase-retroperitoneal athinteka kuma-lymphomas amaningi.
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-lymphoma:
1) i-lymphoma ye-Hodgkin, noma i-HL- futhi nansi isixhumanisi esiya ku-Hodgkin's.
2) I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, noma i-NHL eyenza cishe amaphesenti angama-90 azo zonke izilonda, iqukethe izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu kune-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Kokubili i-HL ne-NHL ingabangela ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node ye-retroperitoneal. Ngenkathi i-HL ingase isakaze iphethini echaziwe, kusukela kwelinye iqembu le-lymph node kuya kwesilandelayo, i-NHL ingase iphakame futhi ihlanganise amaqembu ahlukene we-lymph nodes, kuhlanganise nama-lymph nodes we-retroperitoneal, ngesikhathi sokusakaza.
I-Retroperitoneal Lymph Nodes Kwezinye Cancers
Amanye amakhemikhali angaphinda ahlanhlise amantombazane e-lymph node. Omunye umdlavuza ungumdlavuza we-testicular. Umdlavuza wesicathulo uvame ukusabalalisa ngendlela eqondakalayo ngokusebenzisa ama-lymph nodes (retroperitoneal lymph nodes), futhi kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) kwenziwa. Enye ingcindezi engenzeka yalokhu kuhlinzwa ibuyisela kabusha i-ejaculation. Uma udokotela ohlinzayo edula umzwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinza, ukujula kungase kwenzeke, kodwa isibindi siphelela esigodlweni, ngakho-ke ukungabi namuntu kuyinkinga.
Izwi elivela
Uma kutholakala ama-lymph nodes e-retroperitoneum, ukubaluleka kwalokhu kutholakala kuxhomeke kukho konke okunye ukwaziswa, kufaka phakathi umlando wezokwelapha womuntu ngamanothi akhulisiwe. Esinye isici esibalulekile samakhadi akhulisiwe kule ndawo ethiwa yiwo wonke amalungu omzimba futhi ayitholakali kalula njengezitho zamagqabha entanyeni, emagqabeni noma ehlathini.
Ngesinye isikhathi i-lymph nodes "ingumkhawulo-mkhawulo-okhulisiwe" ekucabangeni, okusho ukuthi ikhulu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, kodwa hhayi ukuthi iyimbangela yokukhathazeka. Kulezi zimo, kungenzeka kube nokucabangela okulandelwayo okwenziwe futhi kuqhathaniswa nezifundo ezedlule ukuze ubone ukuthi ngabe sekukhulunywe okwesikhashana.
Khuluma njalo nethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthola okufana ne-lymph node eyandisiwe noma imibuzo ngokubaluleka kwalezi zithole.
Imithombo:
I-Lymph Nodes. Lawrence M. Weiss. I-Cambridge University Press, ngoMashi 28, 2008
Radiopaedia.org. Izitho ze-Retroperitoneal (mnemonic).
I-Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. UJames Armitage et al. ULippincott Williams & Wilkins, ngo-Agasti 8, 2013.