Ungakwazi Ukufunda I-Lot Ukuthi Isiguli Sibukeka Kanjani
Enye yezinto zokuqala engizifundisayo abafundi bezinsiza eziphuthumayo ukubuka iziguli zabo. Ngiyazi ukuthi kubonakala sengathi kuyisisekelo esincane, kodwa ungafunda yonke into ngokumane umnake umbala wesikhumba somuntu nomswakama, izinto ezimbili ongase ubone uma ungena ekamelweni.
Ukushisa kwesithombeni kubalulekile. Umbala wesikhumba wesikhathutho, izinga lokushisa, kanye nomswakama-ubizwa ngokugcwele ngokuthi izimpawu zesikhumba.
Ezimweni eziningi eziphuthumayo, isikhumba singenye yezitho zokuqala ukusabela esimweni esiyingozi.
Umbala wesikhumba
Isikhumba sifike ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene. Kungaba umnqumo noma ujabule. Kungaba mnyama kakhulu noma cishe kumhlophe. Lezi zihlukahluka zombala zivela ekuhlotsheni kwegazi ngokweqile esikhumbeni ( melanin ) futhi azikho lutho ngokuphathelene nezimo zezokwelapha.
Akuwona umbala we-pigment wesikhumba esikukhathalelayo-cabanga ngalokho njengengubo engapheli yopende-kodwa umbala ongaphansi kwawo. I-primer, uma uthanda. Lezi zingubo zivela egazini elijikeleza ngamapilisi ( iminyana encane yegazi ehamba ngezicubu zesikhumba). Igazi liphulukisa lezi ziteshi ezingamatshumi amabili nesinye segazi elibomvu ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anezinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i- hemoglobin ezibopha oksijini. I-hémoglobin ngokuyinhloko yenziwe ngensimbi. Khombisa insimbi kumswakama kanye ne-oxygen futhi uthola ini? Ukugqwala. Ukugqwala okubomvu .
Njenge-rust, i-hemoglobin iphenduka ngokubomvu okukhazimulayo uma kuphethwe umoya-mpilo.
Amaseli abomvu amaningi abomvu ane-oxygen eningi futhi uthola umbala obomvu obanzi. Amaseli abomvu okwanele ageleza ngamapilisi ahlinzeka kakhulu obomvu futhi abukeka ephaphathekile. Igazi elinesilinganiso esivamile samaseli abomvu egazi, kodwa hhayi oksijini okwanele, libukeka libumnyama futhi lingase livele libonakala liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Yilolu hlu lobuhlaza obuhlaza okwesibhakabhakeni kuya emaceleni kuya obomvu obomvu esibubukayo lapho sichaza umbala wesikhumba:
- Isikhumba sama-purple noma bluish ( cyanosis ) ngokuvamile sibonisa inkinga nge-oxygen. Bashade lo mbala nomuntu obonakala sengathi akaphefumuli ngokwanele noma obonakala sengathi unomoya omfushane, futhi uyazi ukuthi banenkinga yokuphefumula oksijini ( hypoxia ).
- Isikhumba sesikhumba sibonakaliso sokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi noma ukuthuthumela . Kusho ukuthi umzimba awuvumeli igazi ligeleza yonke indlela esikhumbeni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba akanayo igazi noma amanzi okwanele ohlelweni futhi alondoloze, umzimba uyawugxila emgodini futhi ungaphandle kwendawo.
- Isikhumba esikhanyayo sibonisa ukugeleza kwegazi okuningi kakhulu ebusweni besikhumba. Lokhu kubonisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu, ukugula okushisa (umzimba uhambisa igazi eliningi ngangokunokwenzeka emkhathini ukuvumela ukushisa), noma umkhuhlane (ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokugula kokushisa).
Akukhathaleki ukuthi yikuphi ukujula. Abantu abanobumnyama kakhulu babonakala bephukile lapho bengenawo ukugeleza kwegazi okuningi endaweni yesikhumba. Futhi labo abanesikhumba esilula kakhulu bangaba mnyama kakhulu kunokuba ungase ucabange ukuthi kungenzeka uma begula.
Ubuchopho bakho buzoyibona, noma ngabe awunayo ekuqaleni.
Uke wabona kangaki umuntu osebenza naye ngosuku olubi futhi wabona ukuthi wayebuhlungu kangakanani? Ngokuvamile kunalokho, umbala wegazi ogeleza-noma awugeleza-ngaphansi kobuchopho bakho obuqaphelayo.
Isimo sesikhumba
Eceleni kombala wesikhumba kungumswakama. Leli lihle kakhulu, okungenani ngokweqile. Isikhumba esimanzi siyaphawulwa uma sishaya noma sizwa sinamanzi kuya kuthinta. Isikhumba esomile siphawula ikakhulukazi uma sikhala.
Ukudla, hhayi isikali, hhayi isikhumba esinomswakama sikhethiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi umswakama uphansi komzimba. Uma isikhumba somile ngempela (njengamabala, isibonakaliso sokugeleza kwegazi okubi), singabangela isikhumba se-turgor empofu.
I-Turgor yinkimbinkimbi yesikhumba. Yilokho ikhono lesikhumba ukuphinda libuyele esimeni sayo sokuqala. Uma ubeka kancane isikhumba futhi uhlala ngaleyo ndlela uma uvumela ukuba uhambe (njengobumba), usomile kakhulu futhi uthi unomsoco ompofu.
Isikhumba esinamahloni esibizwa ngokuthi i-diaphoresis. Ukushaywa umtilokuhle kuhle, kodwa isikhumba ngokuvamile kuthiwa yi-diaphoretic uma imanzi ngenxa yesizathu esicacile. Esinye isiteketiso se-diaphoresis ukuthunga okubandayo .
Ukushisa Kwesikhumba
Uphawu lokugcina lesikhumba lushisa lokushisa. Lokhu kudinga ukuthinta komuntu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlola ukushisa kwesikhumba ngokubheka isiguli. Ungase uthi ngisho akunakwenzeka. Lesi sibonakaliso sesikhumba sihle kakhulu futhi singahle sidukise ngaphandle komkhuba.
Ukushisa kubonakala ngokuthinta njengokuqhathaniswa. Ngamanye amazwi, lapho izandla zakho zibanda, konke okunye kuzwa kushisa. Ngokufanayo, uma izandla zakho zifudumele, konke (kanye nabanye abantu) bazizwa bepholile. Uma wazi lokho futhi wazi izinga lokushisa lakho, ithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu.
Into eyodwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa kwesikhumba lingabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi kukhona indawo eyodwa yomzimba wesiguli ofudumele kunezinye izindawo. Zama ukugcina ukuqhathanisa ama-apula-apula, uma kunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, akusona isignali esihle uma umlenze owodwa ushisa kumthinta uma kuqhathaniswa nomunye. Ngempela, kuyasabeka nakakhulu uma umlenze oshisayo uphukile futhi ubomvu.
Isikhumba esishisayo sifana nesikhumba esikhuphukile; kuyisibonakaliso sokugeleza kwegazi okunzima esiqongweni. Kwamanye amacala, angabonisa umkhuhlane noma ukugula okushisa. Isikhumba esimnandi sibonisa ukujikeleza okuncane. Ukushisa, isikhumba samanzi sikhombisa inkinga ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma isiguli sibhekene nokuphefumula noma sibonakala sidinwe noma singanaki.
Ngokuqinisekile Ukugulayo Esithombeni
Ama-paramedics afundiswa ukuqaphela lapho iziguli zabo zigula kakhulu ekuboneni kuqala. Umkhuba omuhle ongase ube nawo kakade. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha kubeka zonke izinhlobo zezinye izinto emakhanda ethu ezingaba nomthelela wokudubula izimo zethu zemvelo. Kuyinto yokugembula okuhle owaziyo lapho umuntu othile ehhovisi ephuza kakhulu kakhulu ebusuku noma kungenzeka ukuthi wehlise umkhuhlane.
Thembela emathunjini akho, ngisho-noma ngokukhethekile-uma usufunde ukuqeqeshwa okuncane kwezokwelapha. Ungavumeli ulwazi oluthe xaxa lwenze ukuba ungabaza. Uma isiguli sibonakala sigula, ukhona.
> Imithombo:
> Kenefick, R., Sollanek, K., Charkoudian, N., & Sawka, M. (2014). Umthelela wokushisa kwesikhumba kanye ne-hydration emaphethweni omthamo we-plasma ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba. Journal of Physiology Applied , 117 (4), 413-420. doi: 10.1152 / japplphysiol.00415.2014
> Popov, T. (2005). Ukubukeza: isikhathi se-capillary refill, i-skin turgor engavamile, nephethini engavamile yokuphefumula yizibonakaliso eziwusizo zokuthola ukuphela kwamanzi emanzini. Ubuhlengikazi obusekelwe ebufakazini, 8 (2), 57-57. i-doi: 10.1136 / ibn.8.2.57