Yiziphi izimpawu ze-ABCD ze-melanoma?
Ziyini izimpawu ze-melanoma, futhi ungayikhumbula kanjani lokhu nge-ABCDE mnemonic?
I-Melanoma Skin Cancer
I-Melanoma yilona uhlobo oluhlukumeza kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluthinta abantu abangaba ngu-5% abanomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngisho noma kubhekene ne-5% kuphela yomdlavuza wesikhumba , kuyimbangela enkulu yokushona komdlavuza wesikhumba.
Izingozi ze-melanoma zibandakanya ukushisa kwelanga ngokweqile, kunesikhumba esilungile, futhi kunomlando womndeni we-melanoma.
Naphezu kwalezi zici eziyingozi, abantu abaningi abahlakulela lesi sifo abanakho izinkinga, futhi ngisho nalabo abangenazo izinkinga kufanele baqaphele izimpawu nezimpawu bese bexhumana nodokotela uma bebona noma yini engavamile esikhumbeni sabo. Abanye abantu banezakhi zofuzo ezinomthelela we-melanoma, futhi bacatshangwa ukuthi ama- 55% we-melanomas anezakhi zofuzo .
I-Melanoma iyaphathwa kakhulu lapho itholakele kusenesikhathi. Ama-moles noma amanye amabala esikhumbeni kufanele ahlolwe njalo ngenyanga. Bheka noma yiziphi izinguquko ezindaweni ezikhona futhi ubuke ama-moles amasha.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso Ze-Melanoma
I-melanoma ingaqala ngokuthi "indawo" entsha esikhumbeni, noma njengenguquko emulenzeni okhona. Qaphela ukuthi ngisho noma ngabe unomlenze isikhathi eside uma ukhumbule, noma yikuphi ushintsho kufanele kuhlolwe ngokucophelela futhi kuhlolwe. Njengoba ufunda ngalezi zibonakaliso ezikhona, phawula lo mnqamulajuqu. Lokhu kuzophinde kubuyekezwe futhi ngaphansi kokuzihlola okuzansi ngezansi.
Uma uqedile ukuhlola lezi zimpawu nezimpawu, bheka lezi zithombe ze-melanoma ukwenza lokhu kube lula ukuyiqonda. Izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ze-melanoma zihlanganisa:
A - Asymmetry - Asymmetry ye-molecule ingase ibe uphawu lwe-melanoma.
B - Umngcele - Ngokungafani nama- moles avamile (angewona umdlavuza), ama-melanomas ngokuvamile anomngcele ongapheli noma onqenqemeni.
C - Umbala - Ama-melanomas avame ukuba "anemibalabala" kunama-moles avamile, anemibala ehlukahluka enyameni enemibala emnyama noma emnyama emvukuzane, ebomvu. Imibala ehlukene eyenzeka emulenzeni ofanayo nayo iyakhathazeka, kanti amanye ama-melanomas anemibala yokubukeka "ebomvu nebomvu" yakudala.
I-D - I-Diameter - I- Melanomas ivame ukuba mkhulu kune-moles evamile (kodwa ngokuqinisekile ayikho ngaso sonke isikhathi.) Noma imaphi imvukuzane enesisindo esiphakeme noma esiphezulu kunomkhawulo we-pencil eraser kufanele ihlolwe.
E - Elevation - E imele ukuphakama. Esikhundleni sokuhlala flat, imvukuzane ingase iphakanyiswe esikhumbeni, noma izingxenye ezahlukene molecule zingaba nokuphakama ezahlukene.
I-E-Evolving - Abanye abantu esikhundleni salokho basebenzise incwadi E esikhundleni sokuba babonise ukuthi babheka ama-moles aguqukayo. Ukuguquka kungabhekisela kunoma yikuphi ingxenye ye-mole, ngokwesibonelo, kungashintsha ngosayizi, ngombala, ngesimo, noma ngezinga lokuphakama. I-molecule ingabuye ishintshe ekuthungeni, isibonelo, ibe scaly.
F - Ukubukeka okumnandi - Abanye odokotela bangezela incwadi eyengeziwe emnyameni bese befaka F, ngokuba "bebukeka behlekisayo." Ama-melanomas amaningi awakubheki njengama-moles evamile.
Ukubuthwa / Okunye ukuzwa - Ngokuvamile ukunganaki ukutholakala kwezimpawu kumvukuzane.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-Melanomas ingabangela ukushaywa (futhi ingahle ihlukane futhi ihlabe uma ubhala, ukwenza kube nzima ukuyihlola) noma uhlobo oluthile lokuzwa, kunokuba kungabi nokuzwa okunjenge-moles amaningi.
Izilonda esikhumbeni ezingapheli - Uma isifo esikhumbeni sakho singaphilisi emva kwamasonto amabili, kufanele udokotela wakho akuhlole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi i-melanoma.
Ukuhlunga noma ukuphuma emulenzeni - Uma ukuphuma noma ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela kumvukuzane noma indawo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe udokotela. Lokhu kuvame ukubonisa ukuthi i-melanoma ephakeme futhi idinga ukuhlolwa.
Izimpawu eziphuthumayo - Uma i-melanoma ikhula enkulu futhi isakazeka kwezinye izifunda zomzimba, ingabangela izimpawu ezihlobene nokusabalalisa. Isibonelo, i-melanoma eye isakaze esibindi ingabangela i-jaundice, ukuchithwa okuphuzi kwesikhumba. Amanqamu asakazekile angabangela "izimpawu zesistimu" njengokukhathala, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenasisekelo, nobuthakathaka.
Ukuthola i-Melanoma
Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-molecule evamile kanye ne-melanoma, futhi ngisho nabachwepheshe bekhanda lesikhumba ngezinye izikhathi bathola umehluko kunzima. Uma kukhona ukungabaza, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe udokotela, futhi ube ne-biopsy uma kubonisiwe. Isikhumba kufanele sihlolwe kunoma iyiphi indawo esolisayo udokotela njalo ngonyaka uma ubuncane uma umdlavuza wesikhumba ungakaze utholakale. Abanye abantu abanama-moles ase-atypical babona ama-dermatologists abo ngonyaka noma ngaphezulu futhi banesithombe esithathwe ukuze babukele noma yikuphi ukuqhuma kwama-moles.
Ukuzivocavoca nge-Melanoma ne-ABCD Mneumonic
Uma uzihlola, udinga ukubheka zonke izindawo zomzimba wakho. Kuyasiza ukuba nesibuko ukubuka izindawo ezinzima ukubona. Bheka noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kumbala, ukuma, nobukhulu kunoma yikuphi izindawo, imvukuzane, izindawo ezinesici noma ezibomvu.
Ukubuyekezwa okusheshayo kwe-ABC ka-melanoma kufaka phakathi ukubukela kubandakanya:
- A - Asymmetry
- B - Umngcele
- C - Umbala
- D - Ububanzi
- E - Elevation
Uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwakho, khumbula ukuthi i-melanoma ingenzeka noma kuphi esikhumbeni, kuhlanganise nezindawo ezingakaze zivezwe elangeni. Kungase futhi kwenzeke ngaphansi kwezipikili noma ngisho nasesweni (i-melanoma ye-ocular.) Abantu abanekhanda elimnyama bangathola i-melanoma, futhi ngenxa yokufaniswa kombala phakathi kwesikhumba nomvukuzane, lokhu kungase kube nzima ukuyihlolisisa. Futhi abantu abangenazo izici eziyingozi, noma obani abanokushisa kwelanga kakhulu bangathola i-melanoma. Kule ncwajana, noma ngabe uye waqaphela kakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-sunscreen, usengathola i-melanoma - futhi empeleni, abacwaningi abaqiniseki ukuthi ngabe i- sunscreen imvimbela ngempela i-melanoma (nakuba ingayinciphisa ngokucacile ingozi yamanye amagciwane ekhanda.)
Ukuvimbela i-Melanoma
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuvimbela i-melanoma, ungakwazi ukunciphisa ingozi yakho. Njengoba ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV kuyinkinga engozini, gwema ukukhipha imibhede kanye nama-sunlamps , futhi uqaphele elangeni. Kunconywa isikrini se-sun , nakuba singaqiniseki ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwelanga elincane kunciphisa ingozi ye-melanoma . Ukuhlakanipha elangeni kuyindlela ekahle yokunciphisa ingozi, futhi kuhlanganisa ukugwema ilanga phakathi nemini (ikakhulukazi kusukela ngo-10 ekuseni kuya ku-2 ntambama) usebenzisa izingubo zokuvikela ukumboza isikhumba sakho, nokugqoka isigqoko noma ukusebenzisa isambulela nokufuna umthunzi ukunciphisa ukuchayeka.
Kubalulekile ukuphinde uphinde uthi: ungathembeki kusikrini selanga kepha usebenzise ezinye izindlela zokuphepha kwelanga .
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin D kusukela elangeni kungase kube yingozi engozini ye-melanoma. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole izinga lakho le-vitamin D, futhi ucele izincomo uma izinga lakho liphansi. Kutholakala ukuthi abantu abaningi abanalo kule vithamini (okwenza njenge-hormone) nokuntuleka kungabangela ingozi yamanye amagciwane. Okokugcina, ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba kubalulekile, njengoba kuwukuvimbela umdlavuza ngokujwayelekile.
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kwe-Melanoma - yezobuchwepheshe bezeMpilo (PDQ). Kubuyekezwe 02/02/16.